Lesson Title – William’s Ecclesiastical Policies

1. Log on to the internet.

2. Go to edmodo.

3. Take the ‘Historical Terms’ quiz.

4. Extra – If you finish then listen to the podcast introduction on William’s ecclesiastical policies.

Key Exam Question Focus – Section 6To what extent did William I change the government and administration of

England?

Objectives – William’s Ecclesiastical Policies

1. All of you will be able to describe some of William’s ecclesiastical policies.

2. All/Most of you will be able to support your descriptions using relevant quotations from historians.

3. All/Most/Some of you will be able to successfully evaluate the change from pre-1066 to 1087 and use quotations to support the points that you make.

4. You can listen to my podcast at any point. During the historical quotes section might be best.

Key Exam Question Focus – Section 6To what extent did William I change the government and administration of

England?

Plenary – To what extent did William’s ecclesiastical policies signal change for England after 1066?

100% - Total Change

0% - No change

Key Exam Question Focus – Section 6To what extent did William I change the government and administration of

England?

Instructions

1. Write your number on the back and your name on the front.

2. Stick your name on the scale.

3. Find your debating group.

4. Debate the question.

5. Return to the board and move your post-it if you think you should.

Main Task 1

You will have one disco Friday song to place the information on your table regarding William’s ecclesiastical policies on your chart. You will have to read, think and concentrate to select relevant information to include on your table. Think of it as a warm-up to reading the work of proper historians.

Remember – What do I value in a student? (Lanfranc, Clergy + Penance)

Key Exam Question Focus – Section 6To what extent did William I change the government and administration of

England?

Extra

If you complete your graph with the information on your table before the disco Friday song finishes then you should find the work of historians on study section 6 of the website and begin adding quotes to your chart. Use a different colour for quotes so that they stand out.

Main Task 2

Find the work of historians on study section 6 of the website and begin adding quotes to your chart. Use a different colour for quotes so that they stand out.

You may also re-visit the information from ‘main task 1’ and complete your graphs.

Key Exam Question Focus – Section 6To what extent did William I change the government and administration of

England?

Extra

If you have time left at the end of this section then you should QR scan the extension on the board and watch the video which highlights examples of Norman oppression 1066-87. Or go back to main task 1.

Plenary – To what extent did William’s ecclesiastical policies signal change for England after 1066? What were the most significant changes?

100% - Total Change

0% - No change

Key Exam Question Focus – Section 6To what extent did William I change the government and administration of

England?

Objectives – William’s Fiscal Policies

1. All of you will be able to describe some of William’s ecclesiastical policies.

2. All/Most of you will be able to support your descriptions using relevant quotations from historians.

3. All/Most/Some of you will be able to successfully evaluate the change from pre-1066 to 1087 and use quotations to support the points that you make.

Key Exam Question Focus – Section 6To what extent did William I change the government and administration of

England?

Key Exam Question Focus Section 6 - To what extent did William I change the government and administration of England?

How far did William’s Ecclesiastical Policies change England?

Not much change

Massive change

Conclusion:

Initially William worked with the church, recognising the value of retaining English bishops to control the population and win a successful conquest. This was possible because the English ecclesiastical magnates were willing to collaborate wholeheartedly with the Normans, as evidenced by Stigand being the first to submit to the Normans outside of London in 1066. However by 1087, at William’s death, there was just one English bishop left in position. William and some papal legates had removed the majority of English bishops in 1070 when the papal legates visited England. William used the English bishops whilst he needed them and spared no time replacing them when he did not.

Collaborate – This means work with.Papal legates – Assistants of the Pope that he sends to spread his message and carry out his wishes.

In England law and order was maintained by the shire courts (biggest courts, applied to the whole shire but only meet two or three times a year) and the hundred courts (a hundred was a smaller measurement of land and the sheriffs were in charge of them, hundred courts met more often). One significant change was the William introduced ecclesiastical courts whereby members of the clergy would be tried in an ecclesiastical court rather than in the shire or hundred courts. This applied to most crimes and actually took power from William as he had the ultimate say in the secular courts (non-church).

Clergy – This is somebody who works for the church like a priest of bishop.

From 1070 Lanfranc (a Norman) was Archbishop of Canterbury. He got on well with William and the church generally prospered in England under Lanfranc receiving grants of land and money from William. However, Lanfranc wanted to be the most powerful man in the church so attempted to increase the power and standing of Canterbury above all other bishoprics including York, this caused conflict in the church.

Bishopric – this is the area of land controlled by a bishop or archbishop.

Archbishop Lanfrac, though Norman, had some sympathy with the English. He wrote that women who had fled to become nuns to escape the Norman invasion should be allowed to renounce the veil if they wished. This was unusual because the attitude at the time was ‘once a nun, always a nun’.

Renounce the veil – This means stop being a nun.

After 1070 and the arrival of the papal legates, reform of the church in England took place. One of the significant reforms that Lanfranc made was to make it illegal for clergymen to marry, this prevents a potentially dangerous scenario that might have developed whereby bishoprics became hereditary, passed from father to son. It also meant that William retained power over the church as he could appoint favoured men as bishops upon the death of a previous bishop.

Papal legates – Assistants of the Pope that he sends to spread his message and carry out his wishes.

By the end of the reign the church had become richer under William, it kept a massive 26% of all land in England and benefitted from money directed by William to the monasteries of England and Normandy. The church in both Normandy and England benefitted from William’s attempt to save his soul in the aftermath of his invasion. He ordered that men do penance for the men they killed or injured at Hastings and in some cases this took the form of building churches. On William’s part he seemed determined to save his own soul by upholding the power of the church and by directing money to the churches, monasteries and cathedrals.

Penance – Showing how sorry you are to God.

Starter - PodcastAn introduction to William’s ecclesiastical policies.

Key Exam Question Focus – Section 6To what extent did William I change the government and administration of

England?

Extension Video – The Norman ConquestTo some extent the Normans undoubtedly governed through oppression. This video gives some examples of how life would have changed for the English in the aftermath of the Norman invasion.

Key Exam Question Focus – Section 6To what extent did William I change the government and administration of

England?