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Step by Step Sanskrit Learning Programme – Level 1, Month 9, Lesson 41- 43B

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Lesson 41. Future Tense. लृट�्लकार।

i must first of all apologize for the complete silence that i have maintained

over the past two months......but i do have a solid excuse..... we have been

working on our 'Sanskrit Aradhana', a five month course in basic Sanskrit

and , honestly, 24 hours a day was not enough.

i have been hoping that you have missed me....which means that you have

taken up the study of Sanskrit seriously. Today, let's learn the future tense

form of verbs.

With this lesson you should be able to make sentences like

1. I will go home tomorrow.

2. She will study only when she has exams.

3. Janmashtami will be celebrated next month in our village.

There are no particular rules as to how the future tense forms are derived.

Basically, a इ� or an इ� is added to the present tense form of the original

dhatu of the verb to create a future tense form. It is through sheer reading,

re-reading and the use of the words themselves, which will help you to

memorize the forms.

Supplement 31 will give you the complete table of a few forms in both the

P.P. and the A.P. and Supplement 32 will give you a list of how to decline

the future tense of a few commonly used verbs by stating the ूथमप�ुष-

एकवचनम ् forms. Then based on Supplement 31, you can easily decline the

verbs that have been listed in Supplement 32.

Read the supplements first, then attempt to translate the exercises or else

you'll land up with goof ups like�अहं�पिँय�ािम instead of �अहं�ि�ािम�!!

*******



Lesson 41 A. Exercises with the Future Tense.

Nouns/Pronouns Verbs Avyayas Adjectives.

ूािणस"हालय zoo ( M) स#क ्well,

correct, right

manner.

िवपिण market ( F)

$यसंवेक�volunteer ( M)

काय &बम�function ( M)

लोकयान)ानक�bus stop (N )

Translate:

1. On Saturday, we are going to the zoo to see the lion.

2. Will you come to the market with me tomorrow? ( Recall: sentences

can be converted into questions if you add�िकम ् to the end of the

sentence OR if you begin the sentence with अिप) 3. Don't worry, my volunteers will do the work happily( with happiness)

4. Lata will sing at the function.

5. I will know only tomorrow if she can come or not.( you'll probably

need to take a peek at the answers for this one.)

6. The teacher will give gifts to the student who will study well.

7. Let's see what will happen.

8. The boys are sure to ask me why I did not come yesterday to school.

9. Boys will become adolescents.

10. She will wait at the bus stop for me at 2:00.



Lesson 41 B. Answers to Lesson 41 A.

Translated:

1. On Saturday, we are going to the zoo to see the lion.

शिनवासर,े�िस-ं�ि.ु,ं�वय�ंूािणस"हालय�ंगिम�ावः।

2. Will you come to the market with me tomorrow?

1ः�मया�सह�2�ंिवपिणम ्�आगिम�िस�िकम ्�?�� अिप��1ः�मया�सह�2�ंिवपिणम ्�आगिम�िस�?

3. Don't worry, my volunteers will do the work happily( with happiness)

�िच5ा�मा6,ु�मम�$यसंवेकाः�काय7�ूस85या�किर�ि5।�� 4. Lata will sing at the function.

लता�काय &बम�ेगा�ित।

5. I will know only tomorrow if she can come or not.

�1ः�एव�अहं�:ा�ािम�यिद�सा�आग5ु�ंश<ोित�वा�न�वा।�� 6. The teacher will give gifts to the student who will study well.

यः�छाऽः�स#क�्पिठ�ित,�त@�ैअBापकः�उपहारान ्�दा�ित�।

7. Let's see what will happen.

ि�ामः�Dक�भिव�ित�।�� 8. The boys are sure to ask me why I did not come yesterday to school.

�िनFयने�बालकाः�मा�ंू�ि5�यत ्�अहं�Hः�िकमथ7�पाठशाला�ंन�आगIम ्�।�� 9. Boys will become adolescents.

बालकाः�यवुकाः�भिव�ि5�।�� 10. She will wait at the bus stop for me at 2:00.

�सा�मH�ंिJवादन�ेलोKानके�)ा�ित�।��



Lesson 42. Active and Passive Voice in Sentence

Constructions.

Back to school!! Do you remember converting

a) The boy does the work( Active)..... into

b) The work is being done by the boy? ( Passive)

Let us first recall the art of constructing sentences in the Active voice... the

�कत &िर�वाL�रचना�।�� Here is what we have been doing all this while......

1. Selecting the person who does the work from the ूथमा�िवभिM�।

2. Making sure that the verb and the subject agree.

3. Selecting the object to the verb from the िJतीया�िवभिM�।� 4. So in a sentence like "The boy is seeing a bird " we would first ask the

question..."who is seeing" and place that who...the doer of the action

in the�ूथमा�िवभिM�। Then we would ask the question "what is the

object that is being seen" and place that what....the object, into the�िJतीया�िवभिM�। And then making sure the verb and subject agree, we

would come up with.... बालकः�खग�ंपँयित।

In an Active sentence construction, कत &िर�वाL�रचना, the pride of place

is given to the�कता &, the subject. The verb, always preferring to be

with the guy on top ( yup, our verb is a true- blue -blood politician! )

agrees firmly with the subject.

Now, in a Passive sentence construction,�कम &िण वाLरचना ( The bird is

being seen by the boy) the object takes pride of place and is placed in�the� ूथमा�िवभिM�।" By the boy" is naturally selected from the ततृीया�िवभिM�। So far so good...... what does our verb do?

1. He gets political.

2. Changes sides.

3. Joins hands with the object.



4. Decides to agree with it.

5. In his new avataar, adds a य� to his root�धात�ु। THEN drops his P.P.

leanings ( if he is a P.P.) and becomes A.P. by adding the A.P. ूQय�।�All the A.P. guys remain A.P.

EXAMPLE: बालकः�खग�ंपँयित, is converted into बालकेन�खगः�ँयत।े

Let's examine this again:

1. "By the boy" has become:�"बालकेन"... the ूथमा�िवभिM�is converted

into the ततृीया�िवभिM�।

2. The object becomes All Important and now falls into the�ूथमा�िवभिM�।�खग ं gets converted into खगः।

3. The root dhaatu of पँय is श ्�। Add a�य� to this root धात�ु।

That makes it ँय�।�Now add the A.P. ूQय�...... since the खगः ( object turned subject) is singular, the verb also remains singular

and gets converted into ँयत�े।�Naturally the tense remains the

same. If the P.P. verb is in the present tense, you use the present

tense verb forms of the A.P. in the कम&िण वाL�रचना�।

4. IF the boy were looking at two birds, the�कत &िर�वाL�रचना� would

become बालकः�खगौ�पँयित and the�कम &िण वाL�रचना would become

बालकेन�खगौ�ँयते।े

5. IF he were looking at many birds the कत &िर�वाL�रचना would

become�बालकः�खगान ्�पँयित and the कम&िण वाL�रचना would become�बालकेन�खगाः�ँय5।े

6. Now, what if the verb were an A.P ? No problem.� बालकेन�मVः�लWत�े।�बालकेन�मVौ�लWते�े।�बालकेन�मVाः�लW5�े।�लभत�ेgets

converted into लWत�े।The�य in the middle, helps you recognize

the verb to be a कम&िण�form.



7. If the A.P. form already has a य in the middle when it is

conjugated....for example िवद�्-�िवYत�ेto be , you do not need to

add another य . The�कत &िर and�कम &िण �forms are both the same.

8. Since the य is already added to the future tense forms of verbs,

the�य needn't be added twice. For example गिम�ित�becomes�गिम�त े and not गिम�यत�े।

Note:

Dhaatus are divided into सकम&क�and�अकम&क verbs.�सकम&क are those verbs

that answer the question " what." For example: रZ ्�(रZित)"Protect what"

can be very easily answered.

But a dhaatu like )ा�(ित\ित) cannot answer the question "what"..... "Stand

what"? Therefore it becomes an अकम&क�verb.

A sentence like : The boy stands .... is a कत &िर�वाL�रचना ।

The passive form would be : It is being stood by the boy.... a ridiculous

sentence but perfectly accurate in Sanskrit. The कम&िण वाL�रचना would be

बालकेन�)ीयत�े।�This kind of�कम &िण वाL�रचना with an�अकम&क dhaatu is called

the भाव�ेूयोग�।The "emotion", the "feeling" of the passive voice is there is it

not? therefore the use of the word "भाव " .

Question 1. Why did )ा�become )ीयत ेand not )ायत�े ????

Answer 1. Note how most root dhaatus ending with the आ�माऽा turn into

the�ई�माऽा before converting into the कम&िण form.... refer to Supplement 34.

No, it is not as difficult as it looks. The advantages of the कम&िण वाL�रचना are

innumerable.

1. Since the verb now follows the object turned subject, one needs

to only remember the singular, dual and the plural forms of the

ूथम�प�ुष of the A.P. forms . Simply put...one needs to remember



the ूQय�s....�त,े�एत ेand अ5�े।These forms go with all nouns and

pronouns in the ततृीया�िवभिM so all one needs to do is....

मया�खगः�ँयत�े,�2या�खगः�ँयत�े,�तने�खगः�ँयत�े,�छाऽःै�खगः�ँयत�े,�बािलकािभः�खगः�ँयत�े....��

2. Instead of learning 9 forms of P.P. and A.P. verbs each, we now

bring it down to just 3 .

3. Multiply it by the 5 लकार s and we get 15 forms( just A.P.) that we

have to know as against 90( P.P. and A.P.)....if we choose to do just

the�कत &िर�वाL�रचना।.......This happens about 99% of the time....

4. Now the bad news: What do you do with a sentence like, " The lion

sees me?" Naturally ...�Dसहः�मा�ंपँयित�।

I am being seen by the lion = Dसहने�अहं�ँय�े।The verb HAS to agree

with the ूथमा�िवभिM�।

5. Therefore, my dears, 1% of the time you will need 45 forms in the

कम&िण as well. ( i suppose i am rather mean...but you must hand it

to me....i am mean only in small doses.)

Not to worry. Check out Supplement 33. It will give you all the 45

forms of the dhaatu in the passive voice.

Supplement 34....Column 4...will tell you the ूथम�प�ुष�एकवचन�forms in

the present tense. Use Supplement 33 along with Supplement 34 to

conjugate the verbs in all its tenses and moods.

It is not enough to know this intellectually..... we must work on exercises to

make sure that we have understood this completely. So every week, we are

going to handle each of the लकार s for sufficient practice. As we work on

each tense and mood, you will see how easy the whole thing really is.

So this week, let's concentrate on the present tense.

To conclude, here is a beautiful shloka from our Devi pujana to illustrate

this passive construction:



अपराधसह_ािण�िबय5ऽेहaनश�ंमया�।

दासोऽयिमित�मा�ंम2ा�Zम$�परम1ेिर�॥

A thousand mistakes are being done day and night by me.

Considering me your servant, forgive me O Parameshwari.

*****



Lesson 42 A. कम&िण�वाL�रचना Present tense forms.

Translate each of the following sentences first into the�कत &िर� and then into

कम&िण�। One has been done for you:

1. The boy is eating a fruit. बालकः�फलं�खादित�।

The fruit is being eaten by the boy. बालकेन�फलं�खाYत�े।

2. The woman is wearing a saree.

3. The girl is reading two books.

4. The writer is writing many articles.

5. The writers are writing many articles.

6. The two writers are writing many articles.

7. The man obtains blessings.

8. The devotees obtain blessings.

9. Ganesh eats modaks.

10. The devotees do namaskaar to the Lord.

11. The women tolerate unhappiness.

12. The boy touches the horse.

13. I touch the horse.

14. The horse sees me.

15. The horse sees you.

16. The student goes to the village.

17. The men go to the village.

18. The girl falls.

19. The girls fall.

20. The beggar begs for wealth.

21. The girl stands.

22. The girls stand.

23. The teacher asks a question.

24. The king drinks the milk.

25. The mother gives food.

26. The father sells grain.

27. The volunteer does the work.

28. The volunteers do the work.



Lesson 42 B. Answers to Lesson 42 A.

1. The boy is eating a fruit.

��बालकः�फलं�खादित�।

The fruit is being eaten by the boy.

��बालकेन�फलं�खाYत�े।

2. The woman is wearing a saree.

मिहला�शािटका�ंधारयित�।

The saree is being worn by the woman.

मिहलया�शािटका�धाय &त�े।

3. The girl is reading two books.

बािलका�प6ुके�पठित�।

Two books are being written by the girl.

बािलकया�प6ुके�पdते�े।

4. The writer is writing many articles.

लेखकः�लेखान ्�िलखित ।

Many articles are being written by the writer.

लेखकेन�लेखाः�िलeत�े।

5. The writers are writing many articles.

लेखकाः�लेखान ्�िलखि5�।

Many articles are being written by the writers.

लेखकैः�लेखाः�िलe5�े।



6. The two writers are writing many articles.

लेखकौ�लेखान ् िलखतः�।

Many articles are being written by the two writers.

लेखकाWा�ंलेखाः�िलe5�े।

7. The man obtains blessings.

प�ुषः�आशीवा &दान ्�लभत�े।

Blessings are being obtained by the man.

प�ुषणे�आशीवा &दाः�लW5�े।

8. The devotees obtain blessings.

भMाः�आशीवा &दान ्�लभ5�े।

Blessings are being obtained by the devotees.

भMैः�आशीवा &दाः�लW5�े।�

9. Ganesh eats modaks.

गणशेः�मोदकान ्�खादित�।

The modaks are being eaten by Ganesh.

गणशेने�मोदकाः�खाY5�े।

10. The devotees do namaskaar to the Lord.

भMाः दवे�ंवf5/ेनमि5�।

The Lord is being done namaskaar to by the devotees.

भकतःै�दवेः�वhत/ेन#त�े।

11. The women tolerate unhappiness.

मिहलाः�ःख�ंसह5�े।

Unhappiness is being tolerated by the women.

मिहलािभः�ःख�ंसHत�े।



12. The boy touches the horse.

बालकः�अ1�ंjशृित�।

The horse is being touched by the boy.

बालकेन�अ1ः�jृँ यत�े।

13. I touch the horse.

अहं�अ1�ंjशृािम�।

The horse is being touched by me.

मया�अ1ः�jृँ यत�े।

14. The horse sees me.

अ1ः�मा�ंपँयित�।

I am being seen by the horse.

अ1ने�अहं�ँय�े।

15. The horse sees you.

अ1ः�2ा�ं पँयित�।

You are being seen by the horse.

अ1ने 2�ंँयस�े।

16. The student goes to the village.

छाऽः�माम�ंगIित�।

The village is being gone to by the student ( yipes!!!)

छाऽणे�मामः�ग#त�े।

17. The men go to the village.

प�ुषाः�माम�ंगIि5�।

The village is being gone to by the men.

प�ुषःै�मामः�ग#त�े।



18. The girl falls.

बािलका�पतित�।

It is being fallen by the girl. ( oh dear.)

बािलकया�पQत�े।

19. The girls fall.

बािलकाः�पति5�।

It is being fallen by the girls.

बािलकिभः�पQत�े।

20. The beggar begs for wealth

याचकः�धन�ंयाचत े

The wealth is being begged for by the beggar.

याचकेन�धन�ंयाkत�े।

�21. The girl stands.

�बािलका�ित\ित�।

��It is being stood by the girl.

�बािलकया�)ीयत�े।

22. The girls stand. � बािलकाः�ित\ि5�। �

It is being stood by the girls.

बािलकिभः�)ीयत�े।�

23. The teacher asks a question.

अBापकः�ूl�ंपIृित�।

A question is being asked by the teacher.

अBापकेन�ूlः�पmृत�े।



24. The king drinks the milk.

नपृः�nध�ंिपबित�।

The milk is being drunk by the milk.

नपृणे�nध�ंपीयत�े।

25. The mother gives food.

अoा�भोजन�ंयIित�।

The food is being given by the mother.

अoया�भोजन�ंदीयत�े।

26. The father sells grain.

�िपता�धाq�ंिवबीणाित�।

The grain is being sold by the father.

िपऽा�धाq�ंिवबीयत�े।

27. The volunteer does the work.

$यसंवेकः�काय7�करोित�।

Work is being done by the volunteer.

$यसंवेकेन�काय7�िबयत�े।

28. The volunteers do the work.

$यसंवेकाः�काय7�कुव &ि5�।

Work is being done by the volunteers.

$यसंवेकैः�काय7�िबयत�े।



Lesson 43. Passive Constructions in लोट�्लकार�।

There seem to be no need of instructions since all have been given in

Lesson 42. i must ask you to have a look at some of our shlokas from the

Shiva, Devi and the Guru Pujana-s where passive constructions in�लोट�्लकार are quite apparent. Just read through, i do not expect that the shlokas will

be completely clear. But i do want you to notice how the same shloka can

be used by any person or by any number of people simply because the

passive voice has been used and the "by whom" has not been specified.

For recognition ONLY.

Devi Pujana

आसनम ्��- सदािशवाr-स)ंान�ेसवा &धार�ेमह1ेिर�।

सव&त2मय�ंिदsमासन�ंूितगHृताम ्�॥

tानम ्��- साuीनाममतोगvय�ेसाधसुw-समािुत�े।

सव&तीथ &मय�ंतोय�ंtानाथ7�ूितगHृताम ्�॥

गxः��- कपू &राग�सयंMंु�कपािलूाणनाियके�।

क6रूीितलकं�गx�ंसवा &zे�ूितगHृताम ्�॥�

ताoलूम ्��- ताoलू-मिुMकाचणु &-कपू &रािद-समि{तम ्�।

िज|ा-जा}ोIेदकरं�िऽपरु�ेूितगHृताम ्�॥

ूाथ &नापवू &क�Zमापनम ्�� - अ:ानािJ@तृ ेॅ ा &�ा�य�नूमिधकं�कृतम ्�।�� त�व7�Z#ता�ंदिेव�ूसीद�परम1ेिर�॥



Shiva Pujana:

नवैYे�ं�- नवैYे�ंषससोपते�ंिवषाशनघतृाि{तम ्�।

मधZुीरापपूयMंु�गHृता�ंसोमशखेर�॥

ताoलूम ्��- नागव�ीद�ैः�पगूःै�नानाचणू�F�सयंतुम ्�।

नाग�ेहार�ताoलंू��मखुामोद�ंच�गHृताम ्�॥

दिZणा��- धनदािधप�दवेशे�दिZणािsम�ुमम ्�।

यथाशिM�मया�द��ंगHृता�ंवषृभuज�॥��

ूाथ &नापवू &क�Zमापनम ्��- यदZरं�पद�ंॅ.�ंमाऽाहीन�ंच�य�वते ्�।

त�व7�Z#ता�ंदवे�ूसीद�परम1ेर�॥

Guru Pujana:

tानम ्��- सव&शा_मय�ंतोय�ंसादािनम ु&Mक�ष�।

ौ�ानYाः�समानीत�ंtानाथ7�ूितगHृताम ्�॥

व_��- मायािचऽपटाI�िनजगHुो�तजेस�े।

ममौ�ाभिMवासयnुम�ंदिेशक�गHृताम ्�॥�



चfन-अZत��- महावाLो�िव:ान�ं-गxाढय�ंतापमोचनम ्�।

िवलेपन�ंग�ुौ\े�चfन�ंूितगHृताम ्�॥

ताoलू-दिZणा��- जीवॄ�Lैिव:ान-त�ृायग�ुमतू &य�े॥

जीवनमिुMसखुाकारं�ताoलंू�ूितगHृताम ्�॥

Passive sentences can thus be created in every tense and mood. We could

have devoted the next three weeks to the past tense, the future and the

vidhilin...but it will only amount to an intellectual exercise of sorts. The

passive structure in the past tense and the vidhilin can be done in a much

simpler manner... and that which is constantly in use in conversational

Sanskrit. This is done by the use of Participles.

But before we get into that, we need to learn the noun declensions of�म�त ् and�भगवत ् which will help us to handle the "Participle Lesson."

So next week...�म�त ् and भगवत ् *********



Lesson 43 A.

Exercises with�Passive Constructions in लोट�्लकार�।

Translate, first into the कत &िर�and then into the कम&िण�। One has been done

for you. ( Sentences 1 -6 and 10...imagine addressing this to any one of

these: 2म ्�,�भवान ्�,�भवती�) 1. See the bird. खग�ंपँयत�ु।

Let the bird be seen. खगः�ँयताम ्�।

2. Accept this gift.

3. Eat the meal.

4. Write the letter.

5. Write the two letters.

6. Write the many letters.

7. You, read the book. (use�मV M)

8. All of you, read the book. (use�मV� M)

9. The two of you, read the book. (use�मV� M)

10. Cook the food.

11. You, drink the milk.

12. (He ) Drink the milk.

13. (The two of them) Drink the milk.

14. (All of them)Drink the milk.

15. (I) Beg for knowledge.

16. (The two of us )Beg for knowledge.

17. (All of us) Beg for knowledge.

18. (I ) See you.

19. (You)See me.

20. Give me the book. (use�मV� M) ( Note: the other vibhaktis in the

active remain the same in the passive. Only the object and the

subject jump around.)

21. (You) Give me the book.

22. (He) Give me the book.



23. (They) Give me the book.

24. (All of you) Give me the book.

25. (The two of them) Give me the book.

26. (The two of you) Give me the book.



Lesson 43 B. Answers to Lesson 43A.

1. See the bird.

खग�ंपँयत�ु।

Let the bird be seen.

खगः�ँयताम ्�।� 2. Accept this gift.

एतद�्उपहारं�गहृाण�/�ग�ृात�ु।

Let this gift be accepted.

एषः�उपहारः�गHृताम ्�।

3. Eat the meal.

भोजन�ंखाद�/�खादत�ु।

Let the meal be eaten.

भोजन�ंख}ताम ्�।

4. Write the letter.

पऽ�ंिलख�/�िलखत�ु।

Let the letter be written.

पऽ�ंिलeताम ्�।

5. Write the two letters.

पऽ�ेिलख�/�िलखत�ु Let the two letters be written.

पऽ�ेिलeतेाम ्�॥

6. Write the many letters.

पऽािण�िलख�/�िलख5�ु।

Let the many letters be written.

पऽािण�िलe5ाम ्�।

7. You, read the book.

2�ंमV�ंपठ�।

Let the book be read by you.

2या�मVः�पdताम ्�।



8. All of you, read the book.

ययू�ंमV�ंपठत�।

Let the book be read by all of you.

य�ुािभः�मVः�पdताम ्�।

9. The two of you, read the book.

यवुा�ंमV�ंपठतम ्�।

Let the book be read by two of you.

यवुाWा�ंमVः�पdताम ्�।

10. Cook the food.

भोजन�ंपच�/�पचत�ु।

Let the food be cooked.

भोजन�ंपkताम ्�।

11. You, drink the milk.

2�ंnध�ंिपब�।

Let the milk be drunk by you.

2या�nध�ंपीयताम ्�।

12. (He ) Drink the milk.

सः�nध�ंिपबत�ु।

Let the milk be drunk by him.

तने�nध�ंपीयताम ्�।

13. (The two of them) Drink the milk.

तौ�nध�ंिपबताम ्�।

Let the milk be drunk by the two of them.

ताWा�ंnध ं�पीयताम ्�।

14. (All of them) Drink the milk.

त�ेnध ं�िपब5�ु।

Let the milk be drunk by all of them.

तःै�nध ंपीयताम ्�।

15. (I) Beg for knowledge.

अहं�िवYा�ंयाच�ै।



Let knowledge be begged for by me.

मया�िवYा�याkताम ्�।

16. (The two of us ) Beg for knowledge.

आवा�ंिवYा�ंयाचावह�ै।

Let knowledge be begged for by the two of us.

आवाWा�ंिवYा�याkताम ्�।

17. (All of us ) Beg for knowledge.

वय�ंिवYा�ंयचामह�ै।

Let knowledge be begged for by all of us.

अ@ािभः�िवYा�याkताम ्�।� 18. (I ) See you.

अहं�2ा�ंपँयािन�।

Let you be seen by me.

मया�2�ंँय$�।� 19. (You) See me.

2�ंमा�ंपँय�।

Let me be seen by you.

2या�अहं��ँय�ै।

20. Give me the book.

मH�ंमV�ंददात�ु।

Let me be given the book.

मH�ंमVः�दीयताम ्�।

21. (You) Give me the book.

2�ंमH�ंमV�ंदिेह�।

Let me be given the book by you.

2या�मH�ंमVः�दीयताम ्�।�� 22. (He) Give me the book.

सः�मH�ंमV�ंददात�ु।�� Let me be given the book by him.

तने�मH�ंमVः�दीयताम ्�।�



23. (They) Give me the book.

त�ेमH�ंमV�ंददत�ु।

Let me be given the book by them.

तःै�मH�ंमVः�दीयताम ्�।� 24. (All of you) Give me the book.

ययू�ंमH�ंमV�ंददत�ु।� Let me be given the book by all of you.

य�ुािभः�मH�ंमVः�दीयताम ्�।� 25. (The two of them) Give me the book.

तौ�मH�ंमV�ंद�ाम ्��।� Let me be given the book by the two of them.

ताWा�ंमH�ंमVः�दीयताम ्�।� 26. (The two of you) Give me the book.

यवुा ंमH�ंमV�ंद�म ्�।�� Let me be given the book by the two of you.

यवुाWा�ंमH�ंमVः�दीयताम ्�।��



Summing up Month 9.

By the end of Month 9, you would know:

1. The future tense conjugations in both P.P. and A.P.

2. The study and the construction of sentences in the Passive voice.

3. Passive voice sentence constructions in both the Present tense and

the Imperative mood..

Much as our list seems rather tiny, we have studied a very important area

in Sanskrit Grammar. As you move over the next few weeks, you will see

what i mean. Please do get in touch with us if ever you feel the need to

clarify a learning point.

Documents

Lesson 41. Future Tense. - chitrapurmath.net · Lesson 41. Future Tense. ... Lesson 42. Active and Passive Voice in Sentence Constructions. Back to school!! Do you remember converting