Les pronoms compléments Les pronoms compléments d’object direct et indirectd’object direct et indirect

Direct and Indirect Object Direct and Indirect Object pronounspronouns

11. . Indirect Object PronounsIndirect Object Pronouns

Indirect objectsIndirect objects are the people in a sentence are the people in a sentence to/for whomto/for whom the action of the verb occurs; the action of the verb occurs; eg. I’m talking to eg. I’m talking to PierrePierre

(To whom am I talking? > Pierre)(To whom am I talking? > Pierre)

I’m talkingI’m talking to himto him

eg. He buys books for eg. He buys books for the studentsthe students..(For whom does he buy books? > The students)(For whom does he buy books? > The students)

He buys books He buys books for themfor them

Indirect object pronouns are the words that Indirect object pronouns are the words that replace the indirect object, and they usually replace the indirect object, and they usually refer to refer to a persona person..

Les pronoms d’objet indirectLes pronoms d’objet indirect

Verbs which are followed by àVerbs which are followed by à

These pronouns are often used with verbs These pronouns are often used with verbs followed by followed by àà:: parler parler à à (to talk to) (to talk to) demander demander à à (to ask)(to ask) dire dire à à (to say to) (to say to) donner donner à à (to give to)(to give to) téléphoner téléphoner à à (to phone) (to phone) offrir offrir à à (to offer to)(to offer to) écrire écrire à à (to write to)(to write to) répondre répondre à à (to reply to(to reply to))

Exception:Exception: penser penser à quelque choseà quelque chose (to think about (to think about something)something) uses the uses the direct object pronoun..

Some examplesSome examples I’m talking I’m talking to himto him

Je Je luilui parle parle I’m giving I’m giving (to) you(to) you some bread some bread

Je Je vousvous donne du paindonne du pain She wrote She wrote to meto me

Elle Elle m’m’a a écritécrit I phone I phone (to) her(to) her on a Sunday on a Sunday

Je Je luilui téléphone le dimanche téléphone le dimanche He buys books He buys books for themfor them /he buys /he buys themthem books books

Il Il leurleur ach achèète des livreste des livres

The Indirect PronounsThe Indirect Pronouns So in French iSo in French indirect object pronouns replace the names ndirect object pronouns replace the names

of people or nouns that come after the prepositions of people or nouns that come after the prepositions àà (to) (to) or or pourpour (for). (for).

The indirect object pronouns are;The indirect object pronouns are;

me/m’me/m’ to meto me te/t’te/t’ to you(s)to you(s) luilui to him/her/itto him/her/it nousnous to usto us vousvous to you(pl)to you(pl) leurleur themthem

* Unlike English the indirect object pronouns are placed * Unlike English the indirect object pronouns are placed in front of the in front of the conjugated verb.conjugated verb.

Maintenant Maintenant à à vousvous1.1. Je ____ parle Je ____ parle

(I’m talking to her)(I’m talking to her)

2.2. Il ____ achIl ____ achète des biscuits ète des biscuits (He buys me biscuits)(He buys me biscuits)

3.3. Nous ____ avons écrit Nous ____ avons écrit (We wrote to them)(We wrote to them)

4.4. Tu ___ donnes des tickets Tu ___ donnes des tickets (You give him tickets)(You give him tickets)

5.5. Ils ____ ont téléphonéIls ____ ont téléphoné(They phoned you)(They phoned you)

luilui

m’m’

leurleur

luilui

t’t’

2.2. Direct Object PronounsDirect Object Pronouns

Les pronoms d’objet directLes pronoms d’objet direct

The term The term pronounpronoun refers to the special refers to the special words like English words like English meme, , himhim, , itit etc that are etc that are used to 'stand in for' a noun or noun used to 'stand in for' a noun or noun phrase to avoid repeating nouns. phrase to avoid repeating nouns.

For example, instead of sayingFor example, instead of saying John saw John saw the postmanthe postman John saw John saw himhim. .

Direct object pronounsDirect object pronouns are words that are words that replace the replace the direct objectdirect object..

Eg. “Eg. “Marie was at school today. When I Marie was at school today. When I saw saw MarieMarie I smiled” I smiled”

It’s more natural to say It’s more natural to say “When I saw “When I saw herher I I smiledsmiled “ “

The The direct object direct object is the person or thing is the person or thing that that receives the actionreceives the action of the verb in a of the verb in a sentence. i.e. Mariesentence. i.e. Marie

To find the direct object in a sentence, To find the direct object in a sentence, ask the question ask the question Who? Who? or or What?What?

The Direct Object Pronouns are:-The Direct Object Pronouns are:-

meme meme tete youyou le (l’)le (l’) him, it (masc)him, it (masc) lala (l’)(l’) her, it (fem)her, it (fem) nousnous usus vousvous youyou lesles themthem**The direct object pronouns are placed The direct object pronouns are placed in front of in front of

the verb.the verb.

Some examplesSome examples Je mange Je mange la pizzala pizza - Je - Je lala mange mange Il voit Il voit la jeune fillela jeune fille - Il - Il lala voit voit Je dJe dééteste teste les lles léégumesgumes – Je – Je lesles d déétesteteste Tu n’aimes pas Tu n’aimes pas le sportle sport – Tu ne – Tu ne ll’aimes ’aimes

paspas Nous regardons Nous regardons les livresles livres - Nous - Nous lesles

regardonsregardons Tu achTu achèètes tes une magazineune magazine - Tu - Tu l’l’achachètesètes Ils regardent Ils regardent le filmle film - Ils - Ils lele regardent regardent

Entrainez-vousEntrainez-vous

Translate these questions and answers into Translate these questions and answers into English.English.

1. Tu aimes Céline Dion? – Non, je la déteste.1. Tu aimes Céline Dion? – Non, je la déteste. 2. Tu as tes devoirs? – Non, je les ai laissés 2. Tu as tes devoirs? – Non, je les ai laissés à la à la

maison.maison. 3. O3. Où est ta veste? – Je l’ai perdu.ù est ta veste? – Je l’ai perdu. 4. Tu t’entends bien avec ta m4. Tu t’entends bien avec ta mère? – Oui, je ère? – Oui, je

l’aime bien.l’aime bien. 5. Tu as vu mon porte-monnaie? – Oui tu l’as 5. Tu as vu mon porte-monnaie? – Oui tu l’as

mis dans la cuisine sur le frigo.mis dans la cuisine sur le frigo.

Maintenant Maintenant à vousà vous

I see him – Je _____ voisI see him – Je _____ vois He hates them – Il _________ dHe hates them – Il _________ détesteéteste We help you – Nous ______ aidonsWe help you – Nous ______ aidons They look at me – Ils _____ regardentThey look at me – Ils _____ regardent She listens to us – Elle _______ écouteShe listens to us – Elle _______ écoute You find him – Vous ______ trouvezYou find him – Vous ______ trouvez She writes it – Elle _____ écritShe writes it – Elle _____ écrit I eat it (f) – Je ______ mangeI eat it (f) – Je ______ mange

Les RLes Réponseséponses

I see him – Je I see him – Je lele vois vois He hates them – Il He hates them – Il lesles d détesteéteste We help you(s) – Nous We help you(s) – Nous t’t’ aidons aidons They look at me – Ils They look at me – Ils meme regardent regardent She listens to us – Elle She listens to us – Elle nousnous écoute écoute You find him – Vous You find him – Vous lele trouvez trouvez She writes it – Elle She writes it – Elle l’l’ écrit écrit I eat it (f) – JeI eat it (f) – Je la la mangemange

In the Perfect Tense, the past In the Perfect Tense, the past participle has to agree with a participle has to agree with a preceding direct object pronounpreceding direct object pronoun

LeLe poisson? Oui, je poisson? Oui, je l’l’ai mangai mangééLa La pomme? Oui, je pomme? Oui, je l’l’ai mangai mangééeeLesLes croissants? Je croissants? Je lesles ai ai mangmangééssLesLes poires? Je les ai poires? Je les ai mangmangééeses

Order of pronounsOrder of pronouns When 2 pronouns come together the order When 2 pronouns come together the order

is shown belowis shown below 11 2 2 33

me, te, nous, vous le, la, les lui, leurme, te, nous, vous le, la, les lui, leur

Eg. Je Eg. Je tete lele donne – I give it to you donne – I give it to you

il il nousnous lesles montre – He shows them to us montre – He shows them to us

Tu Tu lesles luilui donne – You give them to him donne – You give them to him

Note: Je le lui donneNote: Je le lui donne I give it to himI give it to him the the first pronoun is subject (I), the second first pronoun is subject (I), the second pronoun is direct object (le), the third one pronoun is direct object (le), the third one is indirect object (lui) because it is the one is indirect object (lui) because it is the one to which the action is occurring. to which the action is occurring.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/french/activities/grammar/pronouns.shtml

Disjunctive PronounsDisjunctive Pronouns French disjunctive pronouns (also known as stressed pronouns) are used to emphasize a noun or pronoun that refers to a person. A disjunctive pronoun is widely used (after prepositions, to emphasize nouns or pronouns, after c'est and ce sont, to answer questions) French disjunctive pronouns (also known as stressed pronouns) are used to emphasize a noun or pronoun that refers to a person. A disjunctive pronoun is widely used (after prepositions, to emphasize nouns or pronouns, after c'est and ce sont, to answer questions)

moimoitoitoivousvouslui, soi, elle lui, soi, elle (me) (me) (you familiar) (you familiar) (you formal)(you formal)(him, himself, her)(him, himself, her)nousnousvousvouseux, elles eux, elles (us)(us)(you people)(you people)(them)(them)Examples in FrenchExamples in French

To emphasize nouns or pronounsTo emphasize nouns or pronouns (accent tonique)(accent tonique)

Je pense qu'il a raison.Je pense qu'il a raison. I think he's right.I think he's right.Moi, je pense qu'il a tort.Moi, je pense qu'il a tort. I think he's wrong.I think he's wrong.Je ne sais pas, moi.Je ne sais pas, moi. I don't know.I don't know.

After c'est and ce sontAfter c'est and ce sont (accent tonique)(accent tonique)

Ce sont elles qui aiment Machupicchu.Ce sont elles qui aiment Machupicchu. They love Machupicchu.They love Machupicchu.C'est toi qui étudies l'art.C'est toi qui étudies l'art. You're the one who's studying art.You're the one who's studying art.

When a sentence has more than one subject or objectWhen a sentence has more than one subject or object

Carlos et moi jouons au tennis.Carlos et moi jouons au tennis. Carlos and I are playing tennis.Carlos and I are playing tennis.Toi et lui, vous êtes très gentils.Toi et lui, vous êtes très gentils. You and he are very kind.You and he are very kind.Je les ai vus, lui et elle.Je les ai vus, lui et elle. I saw him and her.I saw him and her.

To answer questionsTo answer questions

Qui va à la plage?Qui va à la plage? Who is going to the beach?Who is going to the beach?Lui.Lui. He is.He is.

After prepositionsAfter prepositions (indirect object)(indirect object)

Vas-tu manger sans moi ?Vas-tu manger sans moi ? Are you going to eat without me?Are you going to eat without me?Louis habite chez elle.Louis habite chez elle. Louis lives at her house.Louis lives at her house.Ce livre est à toi.Ce livre est à toi. This is your book.This is your book.

After After queque in comparisons in comparisons

Elle est plus grande que toi.Elle est plus grande que toi. She is taller than you (are).She is taller than you (are).

With words like aussi, seul, and surtout With words like aussi, seul, and surtout

Elle aussi veut venir. Elle aussi veut venir. She wants to come too.She wants to come too.Lui seul a travaillé hier. Lui seul a travaillé hier. He alone worked yesterday.He alone worked yesterday.

With With -même(s)-même(s) for emphasis for emphasis

Prépare-t-il le dîner lui-même ? Prépare-t-il le dîner lui-même ? Is he making dinner himself?Is he making dinner himself?Nous le ferons nous-mêmes. Nous le ferons nous-mêmes. We'll do it ourselves. We'll do it ourselves.

With the With the negative adverbnegative adverb ne...que and ne...que and conjunctionconjunction ne...ni...ni ne...ni...ni

Je ne connais que lui ici. Je ne connais que lui ici. He's the only one I know here.He's the only one I know here.Ni toi ni moi ne le comprenons. Ni toi ni moi ne le comprenons. Neither you nor I understand it.Neither you nor I understand it.

After the After the preposition àpreposition à to indicate possession to indicate possession

Quel livre est à toi ? Quel livre est à toi ? Which book is yours?Which book is yours?Ce stylo est à moi. Ce stylo est à moi. This pen is mine.This pen is mine.