LED Standards Update and Energy Star (or, What has the DOE/SSL Program done for you lately?)

LED Standards Update and Energy LED Standards Update and Energy StarStar(or What has the DOE/SSL Program done for you(or, What has the DOE/SSL Program done for you

lately?)

Naomi Miller, FIES, FIALD, LCSenior Lighting Engineer

Leducation VIMarch 21, 2012

Program Name or Ancillary Text eere.energy.gov

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

DOE SSL Support Programs

www.ssl.energy.gov2 | Solid-State Lighting Program

DOE SSL Support Programs

www.ssl.energy.gov/


CALiPER at a Glance

Why testing products is valuable: Capture market trends and gauge performance levelsp g g p Identify important areas for improvement Manufacturer accountability Inspire consumer confidence Inspire consumer confidence

Scope of products: SSL General illumination White light Market available Market available


CALiPER Process

Product Selection & Purchasing

Product Selection & Purchasing

Independent LM-79-08 Testing

Independent LM-79-08 Testing

Data Analysis

Data Analysis

Report Publication

Report Publication


Step 1: Selection & Purchasing

I. Industry observations Conventions, trade shows, and conferences Trade publications, popular media Manufacturer marketing materials

II LED Li hti F t litII. LED Lighting Facts quality assurance concerns Do reported values reflect commercially available products?

III CALiPER guidance committeeIII. CALiPER guidance committee

IV. Anonymous purchase

Manufacturers can’t request tests or submit products!


tests or submit products!

Step 2: SSL Luminaire Testing

Independent testing laboratories

Uses absolute photometryrather than relative photometry (IES LM 79 08)photometry (IES LM-79-08) Must measure luminaire as a

complete system

Benchmark products for each application are also tested to LM-79

Integrating sphere and goniophotometer testing Photo credit: Luminaire Testing Laboratory



Integrating Sphere Luminaire light output, g p

efficacy Color quality

Spectral power p pdistribution

Chromaticity coordinates

CCT & DuvCRI & R9

Electrical measurements Thermal characteristics



Goniophotometer Luminaire light output, efficacyg p y Beam characteristics and intensity distributions Electrical measurements, thermal characteristics “In-situ” testing (non-standard)

11-55 [31 W] 11-56 [37 W]11-48 [43 W]

In-situ testing (non-standard)


56 WBK11-62

68 W BK11-49

LED Product63 WBK11-49HE


10-16 10-3610-1910-17

Black = fluorescent baselineRed = SSLT8 LED replacement lamps in parabolics…

SS ff f• SSL T8 lamps in parabolic louvered troffer definitelydo not provide light distribution breadth or intensity of fluorescent T8 lampsp

• Tested in the same troffer, SSL T8 lamps have lower spacing criteria (SC) implying more fixtures will be needed for installed


systems

Step 3: Data Analysis

Performance compared to conventional technologies

Performance relative to manufacturer data

Evaluation of equivalency claims

Comparison to LED Lighting Facts

Comparison to ENERGY STAR® (or other) criteria



1000

[Round 12: Benchmark A-lamp and LED Performance]

60 W 800

ens)

40 W

600

utpu

t (lu

me

40 W

200

400

Ligh

t Ou

SSL CALiPER Round 12, 6-13 WSSL CALiPER Previous, 1-14 WIncandescent Benchmarks 4-60 W

00 20 40 60 80 100

Effi (l /W)

Incandescent Benchmarks, 4-60 WCFL Benchmarks, 4-18 W


Efficacy (lm/W)


[Round 13: 2’ x 2’ Troffers]



90SNEAK PEAK!

[R14: Retrofit Downlights]

60

70

80

y (lm

/W) PEAK!

40

50

60

s Ef

ficac

y

ENERGY STAR

20

30

Lum

inou

s

Retrofit downlights (R14)Previous CALiPER TestsLED Lighting Facts DataIncandescent BenchmarksHalogen Benchmarks

0

10

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

L Halogen BenchmarksCFL Benchmarks


Output (lm)

Step 4: Report Publication

Detailed Reports



Special Reportsp


Retail Replacement Lamps (Part 2!)

Special Reportsp

38 Total Products

A19 G25MR16 PAR20 PAR30

38 Total Products.9 Different Retailers.

18 Different Manufacturers.


Retail Replacement Lamps (Part 2!)

900

1000Special Reports

700

800

) RRL1: $139/klm1

p

400

500

600

Out

put (

lm) RRL1: $139/klm1

RRL2: $63/klm(mean)

200

300

O

Retail Replacement Lamps 2Retail Replacement Lamps 1Incandescent BenchmarksHalogen BenchmarksCFL B h k

0

100

$0 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 $60 $70 $80C t L

CFL Benchmarks


Cost per Lamp

1. Includes only products of the same types tested in RRL2.


2006–2011SUMMARY REPORTSSUMMARY REPORTS

3 “Rounds” per year Range of products

New for 2012!Summary Reports

New for 2012!APPLICATION REPORTSReports REPORTS

Continuous data More focused LED Lighting Facts QA


g g

Upcoming Testing

ComingComing Downlight Retrofits (New Format!)Coming Soon!

Coming Soon!

Downlight Retrofits (New Format!)Retail Replacement Lamps (Special)

On DeckOn

DeckFlood lights

Linear pendants DeckDeckWall washers

In the DugoutIn the

DugoutHigh-output A-lampsTroffers (2x4, 2x2, 1x4)Retail Focus


GATEWAY Demonstration Program

• Purpose: demonstrate new SSL products in real-world applications that save energy, match or improve illumination and are cost-illumination, and are costeffective

• Demos generate critical Central Park, NY Photo: Ryan Pylegfield experience providing:– Feedback to manufacturers– Data for utility incentivesy– Market readiness of specific

applications to users– Advancement in lighting


g gknowledge

Smithsonian American Museum of Art, Washington, D.C.

Successful Application – U.S. Department of Labor HQ

• Integral occupancy sensor dims fixture to 10% power

Before (HPS)

• 55% installed wattage reduction in high state; 95% reduction in low

• ~80% kWh energy savings• 80% kWh energy savings expected, incl. dimming

• Initial minimum horizontal illuminance increased 21%; average decreased 53%

• ~8 year simple payback (for

After (LED & Sensor)

• ~8 year simple payback (for retrofit), ~5 year for new

• 1:1 replacement


• Some sensor failures and tweaking needed

Nike and TJ Maxx parking lots

• LED full-cutoff luminaires, t l 30’ ltwo per pole, 30’ pole height, 110’ x 150’ spacing

• Shut down to low levelShut down to low level (35%) output when no cars or pedestrians detected

• PIR occupancy sensors mounted on each luminaire, “looking” downlooking down

• Occupancy sensors have detection area of only 60’


60-ft diameter coverage of occ sensorsdiameter, so they can “miss” movement

GATEWAY Study: Brooker Gallery, Field Museum

Source Lamp Type Lamp Type Lamp Type Total Watts

EnergySavings

Halogen 8 (PAR36) 23 (PAR38) 1 (MR16) 894


g ( ) ( ) ( )LED 14 (70 mm

module)12 (90 mm

module)335 63%

GATEWAY Study: Brooker Gallery, Field Museum

Halogen LEDTotal Initial Cost $7,645.00 $ 8,216.00Annual Hours of Operation 2912 2912Operating Power of Lighting System 836 335Annual Ltg. Electric Operating Cost $292.13 $116.99Annual Ltg. Electric Operating Cost $292.13 $116.99Payback from Lighting alone (Years) ----- 3.26Payback from Lighting + HVAC (Years) ----- 2.38Lifespan (50,000 hrs/2912) Years 17.17


GATEWAY Study: Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art

Viewing public’s assessment of four light sources (% with strong preference) in test gallerygallery

2700K, 84 2700K, 85 2638K, 93 2821K, 99

LED Lamp 1

LED Lamp 2

LED Lamp 3

Halogen Par38 Lamp

Overall light distribution on art 0 23 8 23g

Ideal warmness / coolness of light 10 37 12 8

Best lamp for oil painting 6 25 15 15


Best lamp for oil painting 6 25 15 15

Best lamp for B&W photo 1 29 14 4

GATEWAY Project - LED replacement lamp demonstration p pat the InterContinental Hotel, Howard Street, San Francisco

Collaborative effort among Pacific Gas & ElectricPacific Gas & Electric InterContinental San Francisco Pacific Northwest National

Laboratory for the US DOELaboratory, for the US DOE

Can LED replacement lamps satisfy the high standards for appearance and f ti lit hil i ?


functionality while saving energy?

Problems encountered along the way….

• Few lamps survived Round 1 testing (color, output, flicker, etc.)• Product performance claims often inflated• Some lamps incompatible with electronic transformers (flicker,

loading too low)• Most lamps behaved oddly when dimmed• MR16 LED Lamps in enclosed fixtures starting failing at 9000 hours


Flicker and Dimming Research

• IEEE PAR1789 committee participation for Risk A t d k

Incandescent/Halogen

Assessment and work toward better flicker metric

• CALiPER exploratoryCALiPER exploratory research to establish range of waveforms from LEDs W ki ith i d t

20W Halogen MR16

• Working with industry committees to address performance of dimmers and LED drivers

• Discussing adding flicker waveform to CALiPER 60 19


waveform to CALiPER testing

60W A19

Fluorescent FluorescentMagnetically-ballasted Electronically-ballasted

BK 10-X-28 BK 10-X-32

T12 Fl t A19 CFLT12 Fluorescent A19 CFL

BK 10-X-33 BK 10-X-34

Quad-Tube CFL Quad-Tube CFL

www.ssl.energy.gov30 | Solid-State Lighting Program30

What about solid-state lighting (SSL)?

07-23A 09-20A

A l /G l A l /G lA-lamp/G-lamp A-lamp/G-lamp

10-28D 09-21A

A-lamp/G-lamp A-lamp/G-lamp Source


a p/G a p a p/G a p

31

Source:

Michael

SSL: (almost) anything is possible …

07-14B 07-18B

R30/PAR30 R30/PAR30R30/PAR30 R30/PAR30

09-76D 09-112A

R30/PAR30 R30/PAR30 Source


30/ 30 30/ 30

32

Source:

Michael

SSL: (almost) anything is possible …

10-X-14 10-X-35

“AC LED” M d l 2’ 2’ t ff“AC LED” Module 2’ x 2’ troffer

07-61 09-44

2” downlight 4” downlight Source:


do g t do g t

33

Source: Michael Poplaw

LED Technology Fact Sheets

2-4 page tutorials on LED issues LED Color Characteristics LED T8 Replacement lamps Understanding Photometric Reports

for SSLfor SSL Dimming LEDs SSL Standards and Guidelines Etc Etc Etc. Etc.


What has the DOE/SSL Program done for you lately?

That’s all, folks!

Naomi Miller

Naomi . Miller @ PNNL . gov


Documents

LED Standards Update and Energy Star (or, What has the DOE/SSL Program done for you lately?)