Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
usti
Citation preview
Dietary Management of Hypertriglyceridemia
Triglycerides
Most abundant type of dietary fat Also a type of fat in bloodstream and fat 4ssue
Image: Jose Paolo S. Borromeo
Hypertriglyceridemia
o ↑ levels can contribute to narrowing arteries o Can be caused by diabetes, obesity, kidney failure, alcoholism, hereditary
o O?en occurs alongside high cholesterol levels o Almost 1/3 of US adults have elevated TG (>150 mg/dL)
ATP III Serum TG Classification
Normal < 150 mg/dL
Borderline high 150-‐199 mg/dL
High 200-‐499 mg/dL
Very high ≥ 500 mg/dL
ATP III Serum Triglyceride Classifica:on (mg/dL)
Fat vs. Sugar
o Although triglycerides are a fat – they can be made from carbohydrates
o Reducing refined carbohydrates and sugars is key component of management
Dietary Management of ↑ TGs
Alcohol Eliminate
Carbohydrates ↓ sugars, refined
Fiber ↑ to 30 g, par4cularly soluble
Fats Replace saturated with unsaturated
Weight Physical ac4vity and calorie reduc4on for healthy weight
Smoking Stop
AHA if TG Outside Normal Range
Sugar <5-‐10% of calories 100 calories per day for women, 150 calories per day for men No more than 36 oz sugar-‐sweetened drink per week
Fructose <50-‐100 grams per day from processed + natural sources
Saturated fat <7% of calories
Trans fat <1% of calories
Alcohol Limit; especially if triglycerides > 500 mg/dL
Physical ac4vity 150 min/week if TG in 150-‐199 mg/dL range for an addi4onal 20-‐35% TG lowering effect
American Heart Associa:on, 2011
Dietary Recommenda4on based on Triglyceride levels Borderline TG (150-‐199 mg/dL)
High TG (200-‐499 mg/dL)
Very High TG (>500 mg/dL)
Weight loss (%)
<5
5-‐10
5-‐10
Carbohydrates (% of daily caloric intake)
50-‐60
50-‐55
45-‐50
Added sugars (% of daily caloric intake)
<10
5-‐10
<5
Fructose (g/day)
<100
50-‐100
<50
Protein (% of daily caloric intake)
15
15-‐20
20
Saturated fagy acids (% of daily caloric intake)
<7
<5
<5
Monounsaturated fagy acids (% of daily caloric intake)
10-‐20
10-‐20
10-‐20
Polyunsaturated fagy acids (% of daily caloric intake)
10-‐20
10-‐20
10-‐20
EPA/DHA (g)
0.5-‐1.0
1-‐2
>2
American Heart Associa:on, 2011
Omega-3 Fatty Acids for High TGs
o EPA + DHA omega-‐3 fagy acids are responsible for triglyceride lowering
o If TG > 500 mg/dL, 4 g/day of EPA+DHA reduces TG by 45% and LDL by 50%+
o Should be administered under care of qualified healthcare professional
Pharmacotherapy. 2007 May;27(5):715-‐28.
For More Information
o American Heart Associa4on – Triglycerides: hgp://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GelngHealthy/Nutri4onCenter/Triglycerides_UCM_306029_Ar4cle.jsp
o MedlinePlus Triglycerides: hgp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/triglycerides.html
