Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 1

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Lecture 20(Engineer) Light-matter interaction in cavities

and other photonic structures

Reminder: •Lecture notes taker: Mikhail•Special seminar in BRK for next Monday 4/14 lecture•HWK 5 will be posted today, due 4/28 Monday class•Paper due Wed 4/30 class•Final exam plan: self-made 1 eq. sheet permitted•Please fill out course evaluation

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 2

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Lectures Topics Lecture 1 (1/13) Overview (FQ1+) Lecture 2 (1/15) Review Classical Optics (FQ2; FS1-2) No Class on 1/20 Monday (MLK day) Lecture 3 (1/22) Review Quantum Mechanics, birth of photons (FQ3+) Lecture 4 (1/27) Quantum Information, cryptography & communication (FQ12) Lecture 5 (1/29) Radiative Transitions in Atoms & Molecules (FQ4; FS8.2) Lecture 6 (2/03) Radiative/Inter-band transition in solids (FS3, FS7.3.2) Lecture 7 (2/05) Masers & Lasers: CW, pulsed, frequency comb, Xasers Lecture 8 (2/10) Photon Statistics (FQ5) Lecture 9 (2/12) Photon Correlation (FQ6), extension to other (quasi)particles Lecture 10 (2/17) Coherent, Squeezed & Number states (FQ7,8) Lecture 11 (2/19) Resonant Light-atom interaction, density matrices, Rabi oscillation (FQ9) Lecture 12 (2/24) Solid state quantum structures: wells, wires and dots (FS6) Lecture 13 (2/26) Laser cooling of atoms & solids (FQ11+) Lecture 14 (3/03) Cold atoms & atom optics, atom lasers (given by TA R. Niffenegger) Lecture 15 (3/05) TBD (Special topics/APS/coherent control) Lecture 16 (3/10) Excitons and Polaritons (FS4+) Lecture 17 (3/12) Luminescence, Luminescence/NV centers & quantum emitters (FS5,9+) No classes on 3/17 & 3/19 (Spring Break) Lecture 18 (3/24) EIT, slow light (Agarwal) & coherent control Lecture 19 (3/26) Quantum entanglement, memory & teleportation (FQ14) Lecture 20 (3/31) Atoms in cavities, Jaynes-Cummings model (FQ10) Lecture 21 (4/02) Cavity QED/circuit QED, optomechanics Lecture 22 (4/07) Quantum Computing, photon based QC (FQ13+) Lecture 23 (4/09) Quantum Computing systems: ions, Rydberg atoms, molecules Lecture 24 (4/14) Quantum Computing systems: superconductor/cQED, quantum dots, NMR Lecture 25 (4/16) Photonics with nanomaterials: CNT, graphene & 2D materials (FS8+) Lecture 26 (4/21) Phonons/Vibrons and Raman spectroscopy, CARS (FS10) Lecture 27 (4/23) Special topics: Quantum Sensing & Photodetectors, applications Lecture 28 (4/28) Special topics: Optically synthetic gauge fields/topological/quantum

matter, quantum emulation, student presentations Lecture 29 (4/30) Special topics: Casimir, (quantum) plasmonics etc. student presentations Final Exam on (TBD)

Course OutlinePart 1: basic review:Optics+Quantum;

Part 2: Basic Light-matter interaction; laser;

Part 3: Quantum Optics of photons

Part 4: More advanced light-matter interaction

Part 5: Quantum information/photonics/applications

Subject to change;Check updates on course web/wiki

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 3

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Today’s PlanFQ

Student presentation: Roman

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 4

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Review: spontaneous emission (in “free” space)

(fermi Golden rule)

Agree with Einstein coeff.

Spontaneous emission:•Stimulated emission by vac. E field!•Related to vac. photon DOS

Can engineer this (by cavity or other photonic nanostructure)

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 5

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Review: optical cavity

(frequency =2c/)

Finesse1

1m mFSR

R

Resonance (R1~R2~R~1)

mF

Q

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 6

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Atom-Cavity coupling

(reversible) (irreversible)

“2 coupled (damped) oscillators”

Q

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 7

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Weak coupling regime (perturbation/fermi golden rule):Purcell effect

resonant

far off-resonant:g0

Purcell factor

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 8

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

http://www.solvayinstitutes.be/Activities/Chairs/LeconsHaroche/Solvay_1.pdf

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 9

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Experimental demo Purcell Effect

(semiconductor microcavity)

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 10

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Strong coupling regime

0g kQ 0g

If 2~A21

2 60

0 2 512

18 cV

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 11

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Strong coupling: cavity QED ---Jaynes-Cummings Model

|g>|e>

N atoms:

0g

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 12

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Recall (strongly-driven) Rabi dressed states

(Mollow triplet)

Coupled oscillator

atom E&M wave (Rabi)atom Cavity

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 13

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Experimental demo strong coupling/cQED (vacuum Rabi splitting)

Probe?

See also:“vacuum induced transparency (VIT)”Vuletic’11

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 14

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

2D materials?

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 15

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Applications & Beyond cavitiesSingle photon/atom QI processor

Engineer DOS thus emission viaphotonic nanosturctures (subwavelength), photononic crystals/bandgapmetamaterials…

low threshold lasers, photovoltaic…

Purdue University Spring 2014 Prof. Yong P. Chen (yongchen@purdue.edu) Lecture 16 (3/31/2014) Slide 16

Introduction to Quantum Optics & Quantum Photonics

PHYS522 ECE695

(“Coherent Optics & Quantum Electronics”) http://www.physics.purdue.edu/academic_programs/courses/phys522/

Next Lectures

• Monday: Seminar in BRK• Wed 4/23:excitons/color centers?