Learning Objective: To explain why the Big Three disagreed

Why did the Big Three disagree?

Were they happy with the Treaty?

What did people think at thetime?

British cartoon from 1919

Agreed on

Disagreed on

Agreed on

Disagreed on

Agreed on

Disagreed on

Agreed on

Disagreed on

Agreed on

Disagreed on

Wilson

L. George

Clemenceau

Why did Lloyd George and Clemenceau disagree? (8)

• Worth 8 marks• You need to say what they disagreed on• Then explain this- why did they disagree

about this issue? What was it in particular?

What could you include?• Disagreed about how harsh the Treaty was• Disagreed about limiting the army/navy• Disagreed about compensation

Answering the Question

• This question asks you to compare- L.G wanted whereas G.C wanted (=ID) this caused them to disagree because (=Explanation)

• At least two of these explanations are needed!

TIPS

What was agreed at the Treaty?

GARGLe

War Guilt Clause- article 231- Germany had to accept full responsibility for the war

Arms Reductions- Germany’s army was to be reduced to 100,000 soldiers, 6 battle ships, no submarines, no air force, no conscription

Reparations (compensation) Germany was to pay 6,600 million in compensation to the Allies

German land losses Germany were to lose 10% of their land and 12 % of their population including Alsace Lorraine (France), West Prussia and Posen (Poland –access to the sea), overseas colonies, Saar coalfields (under League’s control and Rhineland (demilitarised)

League of Nations – a peace keeping organisation where disputes would be talked out and prevented in the future (German couldn’t join)

How happy were the Big Threewith the Treaty?

Lloyd GeorgeGot• Some colonies from Germany-

one of his big aims was to protect Britain and her empire. He did this!

• Germany’s Navy was reduced to 6 battleships. His aim was to protect Britain. Germany’s small Navy would not be a threat to Britain or her Empire.

However,• Lloyd George disliked the Treaty.

As a moderate, he thought it was far too harsh and would ruin Germany- he wanted to trade with them. If they were crippled they could not do this.

• He thought it would cause another war in 25 years time because it was so harsh Germany would resent it and want revenge.

Woodrow WilsonGot• 4 of his fourteen points (Alsace Lorraine

returned to F. League of Nations, independence for Poland and peoples of Austria Hungary)

• Partially achieved other of his aims but 7 remained out of the agreements

• Only partially got self- determination- because Germany had land taken away German people lived under foreign rule.

Disliked• Not all points were accepted• The US Senate refused to join the

League of Nations• Unhappy with much of the Treaty

because he felt it was far too harsh.• He thought many of the problems would

be solved later through the L of N

Georges ClemenceauGot• Reparations from Germany

to help rebuild France• Small German army- he was

concerned about French security

• Rhineland as a buffer zone• Got Alsace Lorraine back• War guilt clauseHowever• He didn’t think that the

Treaty was harsh enough• Wanted more land to be

taken away from Germany- wanted the Rhineland independent not just demilitarised

How satisfied were the Allied leaders with the Treaty of Versailles? (10 marks)

10 Mark Question

• Ensure that you make a judgement- how far

• Ensure that you don’t just identify and describe but explain ‘Because’

• When evaluating consider both sides- the ways they were satisfied and dissatisfied

• Conclusion that weighs up, evaluates and adds something new to the answer

Top Tips for a 10 markQuestion

Example Is this a good answer?

Lloyd George was happy with the naval reductions and the loss of German empire, he was also really pleased about the League which would keep peace. But George Clemenceau was the happiest, the Treaty was harsh, although not as harsh as he would have liked. It gave him Alsace Lorraine and created a buffer zone with a demilitarised Rhineland. He also got reparations 6,600 million. LEVEL 2 3/10 IT IS

JUST IDENTIFY

What does a good answer look like?

Each of the Allied leaders was not completely happy with the Treaty of Versailles, this is because they had such different and wide aims, which meant that the Treaty that was created was a compromise- each got what some of what they wanted but not completely.

The Allied leader who was perhaps most satisfied was George Clemenceau. He was pleased with the return of Alsace Lorraine and the creation of a German buffer zone, the demilitarised Rhineland. This pleased Clemenceau because it ensured French security from German aggression in the future making it much harder for Germany to attack France. He was also pleased with the arms reductions, although to Clemenceau this did not go far enough. The reduction to 100,000 soldiers pleased Clemenceau because it was a further security measure to protect France, with such a small army Germany would not be able to attack in the future and if they did, they would be easily defeated.