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Living in Environments
Learning Objective: To be able to classify animals into specific groups according to their characteristics.
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Have a look at the animals on the next slides.
How many different ways can you think of to sort the animals
into groups?
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sparrow
grasshopper
hawk
eel deer
dormouse
lizard
goldfish
ferret
crab
snake
snail
ant
swan
toad
fish
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There are so many different animals in the world that it is important to be able to classify them. Animals can be grouped in lots of different ways. The labels below show some of the different words
that can be used to classify animals.
vertebrate invertebrate mammal
bird insect reptile
amphibian
Can you describe what any of these terms mean?
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vertebrate
A vertebrate is any animal that has a backbone. All animals with an internal
skeleton, including humans, are vertebrates.
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invertebrate
An invertebrate is any animal that does not have a backbone. Some invertebrates have
exoskeletons, which means they have an outer skeleton, like armour to protect them. Others
have an outer shell. Some, like worms, have no protection. There are lots of different types of
invertebrates, including insects, molluscs, annelids, arachnids and crustaceans.
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mammal bird
Mammals are warm-blooded vertebrates. They have hair or fur. They
usually give birth to live young and the females feed their babies with
their own milk.
Birds are warm-blooded vertebrates with feathers and beaks. Most birds can fly. They lay eggs which then develop into
young.
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fish reptile
Fish are cold-blooded vertebrates that live entirely under water.
They have fins and gills which allow them to take in oxygen from
water.
Reptiles are cold-blooded vertebrates that have dry, scaly skin. They
usually lay soft-shelled eggs on land.
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insectamphibian
Amphibians are cold-blooded vertebrates that can live both in water and on land. They begin their life in water with gills but develop lungs as
they grow.
Insects are invertebrates with six legs and
generally one or two pairs of wings. We tend to use the term ‘insect’ for any creepy-crawly but this is inaccurate.
If you’re not sure which group an
animal belongs to, you can use a classification key to help you.
Let’s have a look at one...
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Does it have fur?
Does it have feathers?
Can it live underwater?
Can it breathe on land?
N
mammal
bird
reptile
fish amphibian
YY
Y
NN
Y
YN
Does it have legs?
Does it have 6 legs?
insect
Does it have antennae?
crustacean
Does it have spiky skin?
echinoderm mollusc
arachnid
Does it have a backbone?
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Does it have a segmented body?
annelid
Y
Y
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Does it have fur?
Does it have feathers?
Can it live underwater?
Can it breathe on land?
N
mammal
bird
reptile
fish amphibian
YY
Y
NN
Y
YN
Does it have legs?
Does it have 6 legs?
insect
Does it have antennae?
crustacean
Does it have spiky skin?
echinoderm mollusc
arachnid
Does it have a backbone?
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Does it have a segmented body?
annelid
Y
Y
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Does it have fur?
Does it have feathers?
Can it live underwater?
Can it breathe on land?
N
mammal
bird
reptile
fish amphibian
YY
Y
NN
Y
YN
Does it have legs?
Does it have 6 legs?
insect
Does it have antennae?
crustacean
Does it have spiky skin?
echinoderm mollusc
arachnid
Does it have a backbone?
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Does it have a segmented body?
annelid
Y
Y
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Does it have fur?
Does it have feathers?
Can it live underwater?
Can it breathe on land?
N
mammal
bird
reptile
fish amphibian
YY
Y
NN
Y
YN
Does it have legs?
Does it have 6 legs?
insect
Does it have antennae?
crustacean
Does it have spiky skin?
echinoderm mollusc
arachnid
Does it have a backbone?
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Does it have a segmented body?
annelid
Y
Y
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Does it have fur?
Does it have feathers?
Can it live underwater?
Can it breathe on land?
N
mammal
bird
reptile
fish amphibian
YY
Y
NN
Y
YN
Does it have legs?
Does it have 6 legs?
insect
Does it have antennae?
crustacean
Does it have spiky skin?
echinoderm mollusc
arachnid
Does it have a backbone?
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Does it have a segmented body?
annelid
Y
Y