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Learner Mental Health Needs in Iowa. August 7, 2014. Agenda. Mental Health Data Great Smokey Mountain Study Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Brain Development Iowa ACEs Study Iowa Youth Survey What can we do?. About one-third – mental disorder across their lifetimes - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Learner Mental Health Needs in Iowa
August 7, 2014
Agenda
Mental Health Data Great Smokey Mountain Study
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Brain Development
Iowa ACEs Study Iowa Youth Survey What can we do?
About one-third – mental disorder across their lifetimes
More than ½ of youth – Co-occurrence with substance abuse
About 8% of teens – ages 13-18 – have anxiety disorder (symptoms? Age 6)
About 11 % - depressive disorder by age 18 Less than ¼ of adolescents receive treatment
Great Smoky Mountains Study(Published 2011)
1,420 participants11 counties in the southeastern USAssessed 9 times through ages 9 to 21Prevalence for any mental health
disorder by adulthood?
82 %
“Only a small percentage of young people meet criteria for a DSM disorder at any given time, but most do by young adulthood. As with other medical illness, psychiatric illness is a nearly universal experience.”
(Copeland, Shanahan, Costello, & Angold, 2011)
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study
Vincent Felitti (Kaiser) & Robert Anda (CDC) Telephone surveys between 1995 and 1997 White, educated, middle class 17,000 members of Kaiser Health Plan in San
Diego
ACEs – Adverse (Traumatic) Childhood Experiences
10 types of trauma Three categories of Trauma
Abuse: physical, sexual, psychological
Neglect: emotional, physical
Household dysfunction: substance abuse, divorce, mental illness, battered mother, criminal behavior
Links childhood trauma to a range of
health and social outcomes:
Alcoholism Liver disease Heart disease
COPD Adolescent pregnancy
Depressed Smoking Intimate partner violence
Attempted Suicide
Compared with 0 ACEs
1 ACEs 80% increase
4 or more1,120% increase
What is the impact on learning?
Likelihood of a learning delay
0 ACEs 10%4 ACEs 40
%6 - 7 ACEs 100%
Children with higher ACE scores are more likely to …
Be designated to special educationFail a gradeScore lower on a standardized testHave language difficultiesBe suspended or expelledHave poorer health
Brain Development
Serve and ReturnToxic Stress
http://developingchild.harvard.edu/key_concepts/toxic_stress_response/
When the brain “downshifts”…
FightFlightFreeze
Even when there is no real threat…
Why?
Iowa ACEs
Childhood Abuse Physical abuse Psychological abuse Sexual abuse
Household Dysfunction Substance abuse Member imprisoned Mental illness Adult violence Parental separation or
divorce
At 28% childhood
emotional abuse was the most common ACE
55%
of Iowa adults experienced at least one ACE
Zero ACEs
10% rated health poorly
1-3 “bad health days”
4 or more ACES
23% rated health poorly
5 – 7 “bad health” days in month
ACE-related odds of having a physical health condition
Health Condition 0 ACEs 1 ACEs 2 ACEs 3 ACEs 4+ ACEs
Arthritis 100% 130% 145% 155% 236%
COPD 100% 120% 161% 220% 399%
Heart Disease 100% 123% 149% 250% 285%
Stroke 100% 114% 117% 180% 281%
Vision 100% 167% 181% 199% 354%
ACEs and Depression
School age?
According to the Iowa Youth Survey (2012) 13 percent of Iowa’s youth in grades 6, 8, and 11 ( or 13,772) reported they have seriously thought about killing themselves within the past twelve months
7 percent (or 7,415) of these young people reported they actually developed a plan to do so
Not all suicides or attempts are due to ACEs
So, what do these results mean to me in
my work?
What can we do tomorrow?
Has a sense of belonging, of being welcomed and valued
Is treated with dignity and respect
- 2001 Bluestein, Jane: Creating Emotionally Safe Schools
Social emotional learning is an essential condition for academic success
“Survival trumps learning.” (Blodgett, 2012)
Actions learned to survive ACEs are not acceptable in schools.
“Calibrate our relationship and goals to the arousal level of the child.”
“New learning cannot occur effectively in high states of painful arousal…
Arousal level can be re-regulated to permit access to higher levels of thought and new learning.”
Christopher Blodgett, 2012
Example
One way
Adult gives direction Child acts out Adult punishes Child escalates Adult escalates
Other Way
Adult gives direction Child acts out Adult changes goal:
de-escalation Child de-escalates Adult changes
activity/direction
How could our policies and practices differ?
Think: What’s wrong with you?
Do: When act out, punish.
Do: When frustrated, become angry.
Think: What happened to you?
Do: When act out, provide calming response or activity.
When frustrated, calm encouragement.
Think about adults with ACEs in Iowa? Teachers? Others?
1 in 3 Iowans experienced 2 or more ACEs
1 in 5 Iowans reported 3 or more ACEs
14% of Iowans experienced 4 or more ACEs
Self-Care
Before a caregiver can help a child manage emotional experiences, the caregiver must manage their own emotional experiences. (Blodgett, 2012)
http://developingchild.harvard.edu/search/?cx=001599101917928556767%3Acfzjkqwnev8&cof=FORID%3A9&ie=UTF-8&q=videos&sa=Search&siteurl=developingchild.harvard.edu%2Fresources%2F&ref=developingchild.harvard.edu%2F&ss=752j131456j6
And, by the way…
“ Relationship is the evidence-based practice.”
Christopher Blodgett, 2012
Thank you.Web site: Iowa ACES 360