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Learning Japanese is all about mastering verbs. Japanese can be a very vauge language. Many Japanese speak in verbs.
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Speak Japanese Fluently
VERBS
The most important thing you can learn in order to speak Japanese is verbs. If you can understand verbs you will make great progress with your Japanese in a short period of time. The reason why is in real everyday spoken conversation Japanese more often than not drop the subject and object of sentences leaving just the verb. In colloquial speech Japanese can almost have entire conversations just using verbs if the subject and object is understood by the speaker and listener. Understanding who or what is being spoken about can be very confusing unless you know and understand verb forms. Japanese verbs are complex requiring a lot of practice and study to understand them in written Japanese and spoken Japanese. Learning verbs is difficult because there are so many conjugations. I have devised a method to force you to read and learn the sounds of the most common verb conjugations.
Learn Japanese JLPT Read Japanese Learn to Speak Japanese
POWER METHOD
This method is designed to get you to accustomed to the sounds, forms and endings of verbs as quickly as possible. For these exercise don't concern yourself with meaning too much. That will come later. Trying to
memorize verbs with complete sentences along with grammar explanations will result in information overload and little or no progress. Here, we just want to program your brain so that you find it easy to understand and
catch verbs in colloquial conversation.
1. Play each audio track and repeat aloud after Kaoru Sensei while reading/following the charts.
2. Read the verb charts and make notes of ones you can't remember or have
trouble reading.
3. Play the audio track and repeat after Kaoru Sensei without referring to the charts
4. Repeat and practice for several days
NOTE
Some of the verbs from these exercises are never said in real conversations or can't be used simply because they wouldn't make sense or there would be no context for them anyway. The whole point of these exercises is just to get you used to the sounds of verb endings and have you be able to recognize them.
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LESSON 1 – Plain Form Verbs
Romaji Plain Form MeaningSuru する To do
Kuru くる To come
Taberu たべる To eat
Miru みる To look
Neru ねる To sleep
Okiru おきる To wake up
Nomu のむ To drink
Kau かう To buy
Hanasu はなす To speak
Aru ある To exist
Asobu あそぶ To play
Oyogu およぐ To swim
Kaku かく To write
Matsu まつ To wait
Noru のる To ride
Shinu しぬ To die
The Japanese present tense verb has two functions. One, to describe what a person does habitually , and two, to describe what a person has planned to do in the future.
タバコ をすう Tabako wo suu I smoke Habitual behaviour
パーティーにいく Party ni iku I will go to the party Future paln or intention
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LESSON 2 Now we take a look at the masu form. This is the standard polite verb form which you probably already know. It is usually the first verb form you learn in text books. Masu form verbs have exactly the same meaning as plan
form verbs. They are essentially plain form verbs just dressed up to be polite.
Romaji Plain Form Masu Form MeaningShimasu する します To do
Kimasu くる きます To come
Tabemau たべる たべます To eat
Mimasu みる みます To look
Nemasu ねる ねます To sleep
Okimasu おきる おきます To wake up
Nomimasu のむ のみます To drink
Kaimasu かう かいます To buy
Hanashimasu はなす はなします To speak
Arimasu ある あります To exist
Asobimasu あそぶ あそびます To play
Oyogimau およぐ およぎます To swim
Kakimasu かく かきます To write
Machimasu まつ まちます To wait
Norimasu のる のります To ride
Shinimasu しぬ しにます To die
LESSON 3Copyright ©2007 -Talksushi.com-All rights reserved
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The past simple tense – notice all the verbs end in “shita”
Romaji Simple Past Form MeaningShita した Did
Kita きた Came
Tabeta たべた Ate
Mita みた Saw/watched
Neta ねた Slept
Okita おきた Woke up
Nonda のんだ Drank
Katta かった Bought
Hanashita はなした Spoke/talked
Atta あった Had
Asonda あそんだ Played
Oyoida およいだ Swam
Kaita かいた Wrote
Matta まった Waited
Notta のった Rode
Shinda しんだ Died
LESSON 4
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Here is the past tense masu form. Notice all the verbs end in mashita.
Romaji Masu Past Form MeaningShimashita しました Did
Kimashita きました Came
Tabemashita たべました Ate
Mimashita みました Saw/watched
Nemashita ねました Slept
Okimashita おきました Woke up
Nomimashita のみました Drank
Kaimashita かいました Bought
Hanashimashita はなしました Spoke/talked
Arimashita ありました Had
Asobimashita あそびました Played
Oyogimashita およぎました Swam
Kakimashita かきました Wrote
Machitmashita まちました Waited
Norimashita のりました Rode
Shinimashita しにました Died
LESSON 5
Now we are moving on to the simple negative verb form.
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Romaji Simple Negative MeaningShinai しない Don't or won't do
Konai こない Don't or won't come
Tabenai たべない Don't or won't eat
Minai みない Don't or won't see/watch
Nenai ねない Don't or won't sleep
Okinai おきない Don't or won't get up
Nomanai のまない Don't or won't drink
Kawanai かわない Don't or won't buy
Hanasanai はなさない Don't or won't speak/talk
nai ない Don't have
Asobanai あそばない Don't or won't play
Oyoganai およがない Don't or won't swim
Kakanai かかない Don't or won't write
Matanai またない Don't or won't wait
Noranai のらない Don't or won't ride
Shinanai しなない Don't or won't die
LESSON 6
The negative masu form. Notice how all the verbs end with “masen”
Masu Form Masu Form Meaning
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Shimasen しません Don't or won't do
Kimasen きません Don't or won't come
Tabemasen たべません Don't or won't eat
Mimasen みません Don't or won't see/watch
Nemasen ねません Don't or won't sleep
Okimasen おきません Don't or won't get up
Nomimasen のみません Don't or won't drink
Kaimasen かいません Don't or won't buy
Hanashimasen はなしません Don't or won't speak/talk
Arimasen ありません Don't have
Asobimasen あそびません Don't or won't play
Oyogimasen およぎません Don't or won't swim
Kakimasen かきません Don't or won't write
Machimasen まちません Don't or won't wait
Norimasen のりません Don't or won't ride
Shinimasen しにません Don't or won't die
LESSON 7
Now things start to get a little tricky with the past negative form. It is important to note the double consonants かった. All double consonants are written with a small つ. The っ is defined as the glottal stop. A glottal stop is a speech sound articulated by a momentary, complete closing of the glottis in the back of the throat. It is a one-syllable pause to prepare the mouth to pronounce the next syllable.
Romanji Past Negative Meaning
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Shina-katta しなかった Didn't do
Kona-katta こなかった Didn't come
Tabena-katta たべなかった Didn't eat
Mina-katta みなかった Didn't see/watch/look
Nena-katta ねなかった Didn't sleep
Okina-katta おきなかった Didn't get up
Nomana-katta のまなかった Didn't drink
Kawana-katta かわなかった Didn't buy
Hanasana-katta はなさなかった Didn't speak
Na-katta なかった Didn't have
Asobana-katta あそばなかった Didn't play
Oyagana-katta およがなかった Didn't swim
Kakana-katta かかなかった Didn't write
Matana-katta またなかった Didn't wait
Norana-katta のらなかった Didn't ride
Shinana-katta しななかった Didn't die
LESSON 8
The negative past tense masu form. Notice how all the verbs end with “masen deshita”
Romaji Masu Past Negative MeaningShimasendeshita しませんでした Didn't do
Kimasendeshita きませんでした Didn't come
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Tabemasendeshita たべませんでした Didn't eat
Mimasendeshita みませんでした Didn't see/watch/look
Nemasendeshita ねませんでした Didn't sleep
Okimasendeshita おきませんでした Didn't get up
Nomimasendeshita のみませんでした Didn't drink
Kaimasendeshita かいませんでした Didn't buy
Hanashimasendeshita はなしませんでした Didn't speak
Arimasendeshita ありませんでした Didn't have
Asobimasendeshita あそびませんでした Didn't play
Oyogimasendeshita およぎませんでした Didn't swim
Kakimasendeshita かきませんでした Didn't write
Machimasendeshita まちませんでした Didn't wait
Norimasendeshita のりませんでした Didn't ride
Shinimasendeshita しにませんでした Didn't die
LESSON 9
The potential verb is used to express ability.
Romaji Potential Form Form Dekiru できる Can do
Korareru こられる Can come
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Taberareru たべられる Can eat
Mirareru みられる Can see
Nerareru ねられる Can sleep
Okirareru おきられる Can get up
Nomeru のめる Can drink
Kaeru かえる Can buy
Hanaseru はなせる Can speak
- -
Asoberu あそべる Can play
Oyogeru およげる Can swim
Kakeru かける Can write
Materu まてる Can wait
Noreru のれる Can sleep
Shineru しねる Can die
LESSON 10
The te form verb is a must kown verb form as it has many applications.
て Form て Form
Shite して
Kite きて
Tabete たべて
Mite みて
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Nete ねて
Okite おきて
Nonde のんで
Katte かって
Hanashite はなして
- -
Asonde あそんで
Oyoide およいで
Kaite かいて
Matte まって
Notte のって
Shinde しんで
LESSON 11
The volitional form is often used for suggestion or invitations
Romaji Volitional Form
Meaning
Shiyou しよう Let's
Koyou こよう Let's come
Tabeyou たべよう Lets eat
Miyou みよう Lets watch
Neyou ねよう Lets sleep
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Okiyou おきよう Lets get up
Nomou のもう Lets drink
Kaou かおう Lets buy
Hanasou はなそう Lets speak
- -
Asobou あそぼう Lets play
Oyogou およごう Lets swim
Kaou かこう Lets write
Matou まとう Lets wait
Norou のろう Lets ride
Shinou しのう Lets die
LESSON 12
The imperative form is for making strong commands
Imperative Form Imperative Form
Shiro しろ Do it!
Koi こい Come!
Tabero たべろ Eat!
Miro みろ Look! Watch!
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Nero ねろ Sleep!
Okiro おきろ Get up!
Nome のめ Drink!
Kae かえ Buy it!
Hanase はなせ Speak!
- -
Asobe あそべ Play!
Oyoge およげ Oyoge!
Kake かけ Write!
Mate まて Wait!
Nore のれ Ride!
Shine しね Die!
LESSON 13
The imperative form is for making strong commands
Romaji Imperative Negative
Suru-na するな Don't do
Kuru-na くるな Don't come
Tabe-ru たべるな Don't eat
Miru-na みるな Don't look/watch
Neru-na ねるな Don't sleep
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Okiru-na おきるな Don't get up
Nomu-na のむな Don't drink
Kau-na かうな Don't buy
Hanasu-na はなすな Don't speak
- -
Asobu-na あそぶな Don't play
Oyogu-na およぐな Don't swim
Kaku-na かくな Don't write
Matsu-na まつな Don't wait
Noru-na のるな Don't ride
Shine-na しぬな Don't die
Lesson 14
The conditional form is used
Romaji Conditional
Shitara したら
Kitara きたら
Tabetara たべたら
Mitara みたら
Netara ねたら
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Okitara おきたら
Nondara のんだら
Kattar かったら
Hanashitra はなしたら
Attara あったら
Asondara あそんだら
Oyoidara およいだら
Kaitara かいたら
Mattara まったら
Nottara のったら
Shindara しんだら
LESSON 15
Romaji ~ば FORM
Sureba すれば
Kureba くれば
Tabereba たべれば
Mireba みれば
Nereba ねれば
Okireba おきれば
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Nomeba のめば
Kaeba かえば
Hanaseba はなせば
Areba あれば
Asobeba あそべば
Oyogeba およげば
Kakeba かけば
Mateba まてば
Noreba のれば
Shineba しねば
LESSON 16
Passive voice is a little trick to understand.
Romaji Passive
Sasaru される
Korareru こられる
Teberareru たべられる
Mirareru みられる
Nerareru ねられる
Okirareru おきられる
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Nomareru のまれる
Kawareru かわれる
Hanasareru はなされる
- -
Asobareru あそばれる
Oyogareru およがれる
Kakareru かかれる
Matareru またれる
Norareru のられる
Shinareru しなれる
LESSON 17
Causativeさせるこさせるたべさせるみさせる
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ねさせるおこさせる のませるかわせるはなさせる
-あそばせるおよがせるかかせるまたせるのらせるしなせる
LESSON 18
たい Form たい Form Romaji
Shita したい Want to
Kitai きたい Want to come
Tabetai たべたい Want to eat
Mitai みたい Want to see/watch
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Netai ねたい Want to sleep
Okitai おきたい Want to get up
Nomitai のみたい Want to drink
Kaitai かいたい Want to buy
Hanashita はなしたい Want to speak
- -
Asobitai あそびたい Want to play
Oyogitai およぎたい Want to swim
Kakitai かきたい Want to write
Machitai まちたい Want to wait
Noritai のりたい Want to ride
Shinitai しにたい Want die
LESSON 19
Play the audio track and repeat after Kaoru Sensei
Next, try reading the verbs without the audio track
Romaji Present
Progressive
Shite-iru している Doing
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Kite-iru きている Coming
Tabetei-ru たべている Eating
Mite-iru みている Watching/looking
Nete-iru ねている Sleeping
Okite-iru おきている Getting up
Nonde-iru のんでいる Drinking
Katte-iru かっている Buying
Hanashite-iru はなしている Speaking
- -
Asonde-iru あそんでいる Playing
Oyoide-iru およいでいる Swimming
Kaite-iru かいている Writing
Matte-iru まっている Waiting
Notte-iru のっている Riding
Shinde-iru しんでいる Dieing
LESSON 20
Romaji Have to do MeaningShina-kereba-naranai しなければならない Have to do
Kona-kereba-naranai こなければならい Have to come
Tabe-nakereba-naranai たべなければならない Have to eat
Mina-kereba-naranai みなければならない Have to see/watch
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Ne-nakereba-naranai ねなければならない Have to sleep
Oki-nakereba-naranai おきなければならない Have to get up
Noma-nakerba-naranai のまなければならない Have to drink
Kawa-nakeraba-naranai かわなければならない Have to buy
Hana-sanakereba-naranai はなさなければならない Have to speak
- -
Asonba-nakereba-naranai あそばなければならない Have to play
Oyoga-nakaereba-naranai およがなければならない Have to swim
Kaka-nakereba-naranai かかなければならない Have to write
Mata-nakereba-naranai またなければならない Have to wait
Nora-nakareba-naranai のらなければならない Have to ride
Shina-nakereba-naranai しななければならない Have to die
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