Lead PI(s): Billy Johnson, Zhonglong Zhang, Mark Jensen ... · Lead PI(s): Billy Johnson, Zhonglong Zhang, Mark Jensen Product Development Team: Zhonglong Zhang, Junna Wang (LimnoTech)

UMR Floodplain Forest Conference, Sept. 16, 2015, Dubuque, IA

Lead PI(s): Billy Johnson, Zhonglong Zhang, Mark Jensen

Product Development Team:Zhonglong Zhang, Junna Wang (LimnoTech)Mark Jensen (HEC)Blair Greiman, Victor Huang (USBR)

Upper Mississippi River Tech Transfer Team:Chuck Theiling, Ben Vandermyde, Toby Hunemuller (MVR)Derek Ingvalson, Randy Urich, Jon Hendrickson (MVP)Rob Cosgriff, Don Duncan (MVS)

Modeling Interactions of Flow and Riparian Vegetation for Improved Riverine Ecosystem Management


What to Anticipate….

• Corps need for modeling and RVSM• HEC-RAS hydrologic model primer• Riparian Vegetation Simulation Module – DLL• Corps inside baseball (stuff we always include in

briefings)• Deterministic modeling ~ Alternative analysis ~

Scenario analysis


Planning Need(Principles and Guidelines for

Federal Investments in Water Resources)

• Establish existing condition• Forecast future w/o project• Evaluate alternatives• Compare alternatives

• Policy Guidance on Certification of Ecosystem Output Models (Model Certification required by Congress)


District Need

• Vegetation in riparian zones plays an important role in controlling channel morphology and maintaining favorable habitat for aquatic organisms

• Linked HEC-RAS and Riparian Vegetation Simulation Module (RVSM) modeling tool will support feasibility studies for Flood Risk Management (FRM) and Ecosystem Restoration (ER) projects by addressing the following questions:► What impact does riparian vegetation have on local flood

conditions?► What set of riverine operations can be used to encourage

recruitment and survival of native vegetation (and control the spread of invasive species)?

► How will management actions impact habitat for endangered and threatened species?


Why Transfer to UMR First?

1. Awareness of shared need and opportunity through HQ Research Area Review Group participation and Statement of Need development (FY16 – 5 UMR studies funded).

2. Outstanding data availability – especially forest stand mapping and system-wide hydrologic models

3. Strong local interest and participation

4. Abundant technical expertise

5. Need to support Corps missions in UMR


HEC-RAS Primer(Hydrologic Engineering Center’s

River Analysis System)

• "Next Generation" software packages – one-dimensional steady

flow (fixed discharge), – unsteady flow (annual

hydrograph), – sediment transport/mobile bed computations, – water temperature

modeling.


UMR HEC-RAS Status(UNET; Flow Frequency Study)

• System-wide river stage• Last update 2004• Designed for flood

assessment• Prior model 1962• 100 years of record• Graphical and tabular output• Multi-agency participation• Expert review


UMR HEC-RAS Status(Flow Frequency Study)

1994Orthophoto


UMR HEC-RAS Status(Flow Frequency Study)


Floodplain Inundation

RiverStage

Land Surface (DEM)

Flooded(Fill)

50%

1%4%

10%20%

Schematic representation of the cut/fill procedure to estimate inundation from surface topography and flood stage estimates after Ehrhardt 2001. Increasingly larger floods inundate larger areas, but the most frequent floods could potentially inundate large portions of the floodplain in the absence of impoundment or levees.


LOW FLOW 5‐YR FLOOD2‐YR FLOODNO PUMPS 10‐YR FLOOD

25‐YR FLOOD 200‐YR FLOOD100‐YR FLOOD50‐YR FLOOD 500‐YR FLOOD

010,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,00090,000

Controlle

d PoolNo P

umps2-Y

r5-Y

r10

-Yr

25-Y

r50

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r20

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rAc

res

Flood Inundation Surfaces for Pool 18


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cres

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date

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LTRM_WTR WS_POOL WS_2YR WS_5YR WS_10YR WS_25YR WS_50YR WS_100YR WS_200YR WS_500YR

I IVIII

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UMR HEC-RAS Status(Inundation Analysis)


Riparian Vegetation Simulation Module - DLL

Advance time, t, by time step

Advance cross section, i

Advance points, k, within cross section

Establishment Module

Growth Module

Mortality Module

Is k > number of points in cross‐

section

Is i > number of cross‐section

Is t > end time

N

N

N

Y

Y

End

YRVSM

SRH-1D/2D(Sedimentation and

River Hydraulics)



Recruitment Module

Are seeds available?

Is ground moist

enough?

Is space available?

Establish plant Do not establish plant

N

N

N

Y

Y

Y

Vegetation Recruitment



Growth Model

Compute root growth –limit to groundwater table

Compute stalk growth

Find root and stalk growth rates based upon age

Vegetation Growth



Death Module

Kill plant

Have roots been above the capillary fringe

too long?

Are local velocities high

enough to scourPlant?

Was local sediment deposition

sufficient to bury plant?

Is plant too old?

Has plant been under water too

long?

Vegetation Mortality


Riparian Vegetation Simulation Module - Database



• Fischenich (2000)

• Rahmeyer et al. (2000)

• Jarvela et al. (2004)

• Baptist et al. (2007)

Current Development: Hydraulic roughness will be computed from vegetation life cycle on floodplains


Riparian Vegetation Simulation Module - Testing

• Sacramento River data sets provided by USBR

• Cottonwood Establishment and Seedling Desiccation

• Survival of Multiple Vegetation Types



Plant Species

• Fremont Cottonwood• Mixed Forest• Gooding’s Black Willow• Narrow Leaf Willow• Invasive Plants• Upland Grass

1999Land Cover



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are

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Cottonwood area at each XCt = 4392h

RVSM

SRH-1DV

Note: For the RVSM results, flows were provided by HEC-RAS.



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Narrow leaf willow area comparison at each XCt = 4392h

RVSM

SRH-1DV



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HEC-RAS and RVSM and model integration will be further tested for Upper Mississippi River reaches (four reaches)

ERDC-EL will perform testing and validation for two reaches, will train Rock Island District on the use of HEC-RAS/RVSM, and assist them in testing and validating the remaining two reaches.

Collaborators: St. Paul District, Rock Island District, USGS, US Forest Services


Products

• TR: “Riparian Vegetation Simulation Module (RVSM) Developed for HEC-RAS Model”

Status: Under Development

• Software: RVSM.dll, RVSM databaseStatus: Completed

• Software: Integration with HEC-RASStatus: Under Development

List of Products w/ Status : TN’s / TR’s / JA’s / Software


Tech Transfer Plan

• EMRRP webinar(s)• District / Planning CoP: St. Paul District, Rock Island

District, Kansas District, and Sacramento District –Discussions and Presentations

• Perform Training Workshops• Software and Documentation downloads from HEC

website• Technical Report and Technical Note downloads

from ERDC Library• Peer Reviewed Journal Articles


Capability to Corps

• This research will provide an integrated tool (HEC-RAS-RVSM) that is in direct support of the Corps’ ecosystem restoration and management mission.

• Model results can be used for environmental impact statement (EIS) and habitat studies, to support predictions of future physical conditions, and to inform alternative comparisons for restoration and maintenance actions.

• This product will establish a multi-disciplinary dialogue between field users (District) and the research and development community (ERDC and HEC).


Funding

• FY 13 – $100k

• FY14 - $257.5k

• FY15 - $272.5k*

• FY16 - $160k**$50k was added for Upper

Mississippi River Demonstration support from Rock Island District

• FY 16 – $350k

• FY17 – $400k

• FY18 – $400k

• FY19 – $150k

RVSM 1D RVSM 2D*

*Green Island Nutrient Study


1D and 2D model mesh


Wet Floodplain Forest

Mesic Floodplain Forest

Populus/Salix Prairie

Potential Vegetation(Deterministic Models)


LegendPrairieCottonwood/WillowWet Floodplain ForestMesic Floodplain ForestNon‐AquaticIsolated BackwaterConnected BackwaterImpounded AreaTertiary ChannelSecondary ChannelChannel BorderMain ChannelTributary Channel

Hydrogeomorphic Model &Aquatic Hydraulic Model


Legend

Contiguous BackwaterIsolated Backwater

Main Channel

Sand

Secondary ChannelTertiary Channel

Tributary Channel

Legend1989 Aquatic Area 50% probability – 2YR20% probability – 5YR10% probability – 10YR4% probability – 25YR2% probability – 50YR1% probability – 100YR

0.5% probability – 200YR0.2% probability – 500YR

Leveed Area

Potential Water

1890

No Pumps Potential Flood

1989

Multiple ReferenceCondition Analysis

Documents

Lead PI(s): Billy Johnson, Zhonglong Zhang, Mark Jensen ... · Lead PI(s): Billy Johnson, Zhonglong Zhang, Mark Jensen Product Development Team: Zhonglong Zhang, Junna Wang (LimnoTech)