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LEAD MARKET INITIATIVELEAD MARKET INITIATIVE
EUROPEAN INNOVATION PARTNERSHIPEUROPEAN INNOVATION PARTNERSHIP
NON-ENERGY RAW MATERIALSNON-ENERGY RAW MATERIALS
WASTE RECYCLINGWASTE RECYCLING
AGGREGATESAGGREGATES Tamás Hámor
WARSAW, 26-27 October 2011
26th October 2011, Warsaw
aggregate: inert or non-hazardous granular or particulate material, either
naturally occurring or manufactured which is used in construction to form
part or whole of a building or civil engineering structure
WHAT ARE AGGREGATES?
WHY AGGREGATES?
• large material flow, EU needs 3 billion tonnes annually (6 t/capita)
• 90% from natural deposits,10% from recycled materials (target: 15-20 %)
• good example on how
- Community policies/legislation coincide and act in one direction
- interests of natural resources management (incl. minerals & waste),
industrial innovation, market information, environmental and social aspects
on national, regional, local level can be harmonized
- to achieve a higher level of integration via cross-border initiatives
- to rejuvenate mature industries where technology traditionally exists
- to decouple resource use from economic growth
The SARMa project is aiming at:
developing a methodology which leads to a sustainable mix sustainable mix of
primary aggregates primary aggregates (mineral gravel, sand, crushed rock), and
secondary aggregates secondary aggregates (non-hazardous mining waste, construction and
demolition waste, power plant ash, other industrial slags, landscape works
residues)
in order to:
reduce landfilling reduce landfilling of industrial wastes, and
T prolong the availability prolong the availability of natural resources.
SSUSTAINABLE AAGGREGATES RRESOURCES MAMANAGEMENT
THE 2007-2013 FINANCIAL SCHEME (Reg. 1605/2002/EC):Supporting infrastructure development of regions lagging behind - SEE
The SARM modell
baseline (case) study reports...
AznalcollarAznalcollar, 1998, 1998
Baia Mare, 2000Baia Mare, 2000
Aberfan, Wales, 1966, 144 Aberfan, Wales, 1966, 144 Stava, Italy, 1985, 268 Stava, Italy, 1985, 268
WASTE FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE (2008/98/EC):Article 5 by-product: a substance or object, resulting from a production process, the primary aim of which is not the production of that item, may be regarded as not being waste but as being a by-product only if following conditions are met:(a) further use of the substance or object is certain;(b) substance or object can be used directly without any further processing other than normal industrial practice;(c) substance or object is produced as an integral part of a production process; and(d) further use is lawful, i.e. substance or object fulfils all relevant product, environmental and health protection requirements and will not lead to adverse environmental or human health impacts.
WASTE FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE (2008/98/EC):Article 6 End-of-waste status1. Certain specified waste cease to be waste when it has undergone a recovery, incl. recycling, operation and complies with specific criteria to be developed:(a) substance or object is commonly used for specific purposes;(b) market or demand exists for it;(c) substance or object fulfils technical requirements for specific purposes and meets existing legislation and standards applicable to products;….The criteria include limit values for pollutants where necessary….2. …. End-of-waste specific criteria should be considered, among others, at least for aggregates, paper, glass, metal, tyres and textiles.Article 11 2. In order … to move towards a European recycling society with a high level of resource efficiency, MS take necessary measures designed to achieve following targets:(b) by 2020, preparing for re-use, recycling and other material recovery, including backfilling operations using waste to substitute other materials, of non-hazardous
construction and demolition waste excluding naturally occurring material (EWC17 05 04) shall be increased to a minimum of 70 % by weight.
10 INORGANIC WASTES FROM THERMAL PROCESSES1001 Wastes from power stations and other combustion plants (except 19)100101 Bottom ash100102 Coal fly ash100103 Peat and (untreated) wood fly ash100105 Calcium-based reaction waste from flue gas desulphurisation in solid form100106 Other solid waste from gas treatment100107 Calcium-based reaction waste from flue gas desulphurisation in sludge form1002 Wastes from the iron and steel industry100 01 Waste from the processing of slag100202 Unprocessed slag1008 Wastes from other non-ferrous thermal metallurgy100801 Slags (first and second smelting)1009 Wastes from casting of ferrous pieces100903 Furnace slag100904 Furnace dust1011 Wastes from manufacture of glass and glass products101101 Waste preparation mixture before thermal processing1012 Wastes from manufacture of ceramic goods, bricks, tiles, construction products101201 Waste preparation mixture before thermal processing1013 Wastes from manufacture of cement, lime, plaster, articles, products made from
17 CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTES (INCL. ROAD CONSTRUCTION)1701 Concrete, bricks, tiles, ceramics, and gypsum-based materials170101 Concrete170102 Bricks170103 Tiles and ceramics170104 Gypsum-based construction materials1702 Wood, glass and plastic1705 Soil and dredging spoil170504 Soil and stones other than those in 170503170506 Dredging spoil other than those in 1705051706 Insulation materials1707 Mixed construction and demolition waste
COMM. DEC. 2002/272/EC ESTABLISHING THE ECOLOGICAL CRITERIA FOR THE AWARD OF THE COMMUNITY ECO-LABEL TO HARD FLOOR-COVERINGS
COMMUNITY MINERALS POLICY
aggregates
aggregates
Kick-off meeting: 8th November 2011Brussels, Embassy of France
CONCLUSIONS / RECOMMENDATIONS crossover screening of acquis with regard to a complex raw material stream, no
legal contradiction was found
the aggregate field was out of scope until end of XXth century, last 10 years brought great progress
waste acquis is progressive, however
financial regulatory instruments are left over to MS
more regulation needed on certain industrial waste streams and end-of-waste
Natura 2000, environmental liability, lack of minerals and spatial planning acquis are major barriers for the primary aggregate industry
the sustainability principle (i.e. life-cycle assessment, indicator approach, product-specific thresholds, fit-for-use) can only be traced in a piece of eco-label legislation (on hard-floor covering), therefore
MORE END-OF-WASTE CRITERIA AND ECO-LABEL PROTOCOLS SHOULD BE CONSIDERED FOR AGGREGATES IN THE FUTURE
+ COMMUNITY LEGISLATION ON MINERALS POLICY AND
SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT
