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T&DProtection & Control
MiCOM P441 and P442Distance Protection Relays
MiCOM P441 P442Distance Protection
Relays
IntroductionMiCOM Distance Protection Relaysprovide flexible and reliableintegration of protection, control,monitoring and measurementfunctions. Extensive functionality providescomplete protection and control for awide range of overhead lines andunderground cables from distributionto transmission voltage levels.
Models Available• P441 Distance Protection Relay,
three phase tripping logic and three-pole autorecloser, 8 opto inputs,14 output relays with option forsynchronism check.
• P442 Distance Protection Relay,single and three-phase tripping logicand one and three-pole autorecloser.This version has 16 opto-inputs and21 output relays. In addition to the synchronism checkoption, IRIG-B time synchronisation isavailable as is a fibre optic interfacefor rear port IEC60870-5-103communication option.
Distance Protection• Dual distance protection algorithms• Typical operating time 1.25 cycles• Five independent zones of protection• Zone 1 extension scheme• Independent quadrilateral
characteristics for phase-to-phaseand phase-to-earth faults
• Range of pre-programmed channelaided schemes and user-definablechannel aided scheme logic
• Weak infeed and echo logic• Loss of load protection
• Current reversal guard protectionand parallel line compensation
• Power swing blocking• Switch-On-To-Fault and zone-
selectable Trip-On-Reclose protection
Other ProtectionFunctions• Directional/non-directional phase
overcurrent• Stub bus protection• Emergency overcurrent on VT failure• Directional/non-directional earth
fault• Channel-aided directional earth fault• Directional/non-directional negative
sequence overcurrent• Under/overvoltage• Broken conductor• Circuit breaker failure• Voltage transformer supervision• Current transformer supervision
Control• Four shot autoreclose (1 and/or
3-pole) with or without synchronismcheck
• Circuit breaker control• Programmable scheme logic• Programmable inputs and outputs• Four setting groups
Measurements• Comprehensive range of
measurement values includinginstantaneous and derived values.
Post Fault Analysis• Fault location• Event and fault records• Disturbance records
Monitoring• Trip circuit monitoring• Breaker state monitoring• Breaker condition monitoring
Communications• A choice of protocols• Front and rear communication ports
Diagnostics• Power-up diagnostics• Continuous self monitoring• Test facilities
User Friendly Interface• Liquid crystal display with backlight• Programmable LED indications• Password protection• Optional secondary front cover
Software SupportIn conjunction with MiCOM S1,provided separately:• Settings editor• Programmable scheme logic editor• Viewing of fault diagnostics and
measurements• Disturbance recorder viewer
ApplicationMiCOM P441 and P442 NumericalDistance Relays providecomprehensive distance protection forthe following applications: lines,cables, tapped lines, lines withmultiple zero sequence sources, non-homogeneous lines, seriescompensated lines and parallel lines.The resistive reach coverage allowsapplication to short lines and cableprotection. It provides completeprotection of solidly earthed systemsfrom distribution to transmissionvoltage levels.
2
MiCOM P441 and P442Full Scheme Distance Protection Relays
Using well-proven, patented techniquesto directionalise, and making full useof digital memory, the relays can beapplied in situations that can causeclassic distance implementations tomaloperate (cross-country faults,close-up faults, etc.).The MiCOM P441 and P442 arecomplete with a library of schemelogic applications as well as userprogrammable scheme logic,metering, logging, oscillography andadvanced communication abilities.Many back up functions are alsoselectively available. Windows-basedsoftware tools are provided to easesetting, view data from the relays, andanalyse faults.A range of communication protocolsallows connection with many externaldevices thus providing remoteprogramming, control and extractionof information.Figure 1 is a single line diagramgiving the protection functions of theMiCOM P441 and P442 relays. For clarity, current related functions areshown in red circles, voltage relatedfunctions in green squares,current/voltage related functions inbrown octagons.
Benefits of UseMiCOM relays offer fast, secureclearing for any type of fault. The unique distance anddirectionalising implementationsprovide an optimum mix of speed,selectivity and security for difficult faulttypes and application situations. In addition, the P441 and P442 offerthe following benefits:• Standardised relay selection for all
applications.• Simplified spares holding with dual
rated CT inputs.• No need for additional equipment
(voltage protection, currentprotection, autorecloser, synchronismcheck, disturbance recorder,measurement devices).
• Simple system integration through achoice of protocols.
• Faster fault diagnosis with faultinformation, disturbance and eventrecords.
• Maximise protection availabilitythrough extensive self-monitoringand self-test, system supervision(CT, VT, trip circuit monitoring)
• Enhanced reliability for all faultsthrough two different measurementtechniques.
The software tools contained in S1allow intuitive interface to the relay,and greatly lessen training anddocumentation commitment. The postfault analysis capabilities allowOperations personnel to makeinformed decisions about relay andsystem operation.
Distance ProtectionFunctionsThree phase tripping with faultedphase indication is provided for allprotection functions. In addition model P442 allows single-phase tripping for the distanceprotection and the channel-aided DEFprotection.
Dual distance protectionalgorithmsThe operation of the MiCOM relays isbased on the combined use of twotypes of fault detection:• Calculation of the superimposed
current and voltage values that arecharacteristic of the fault ("Delta"algorithms).
• Measurement of impedance values("Conventional" algorithms).
This dual algorithm principle offersdependable detection of all types offaults occurring on the network. Provenquadrilateral distance characteristicsissue the trip command to clear anyfault.
The impedance calculations areperformed on each waveform samplefor all six loops AN, BN, AB, BC andCA making this a true full schemenumerical distance relay.
Delta algorithmsThe Delta algorithms are based ontransient components. This is apatented technique with 10 yearsexperience in various relays. The current and voltage values arecontinuously predicted, based on thelast two cycles, and the predictedvalues are compared with the valuesactually measured. A fault is detectedif the predicted and measured valuesare different (∆I and ∆V).Faulted phase selection is made bycomparing the superimposed currentsfor each phase.The directional elements use the fault-generated changes in the voltage andcurrent signals at the relay location,referred to as the superimposedsignals, to determine the direction of afault. During a fault the voltage signalchanges by ∆V and the current signalchanges by ∆I.
3
3Y
3Y
1
MiCOM P441 / P442
50BF
46BC 46 50 50/
5121P
85
21G 67N 50N/51N
50/
2778 67VTS /CTS
51FF
59
27
25/79
21G
21P
85
50/27
50/51N51FF6767N78
VTSCTS
Ground distance protection,3 forward elements, 1 reverseelement,1 selectable element,quadrilateral zonesPhase distance protection,3 forward elements,1 reverseelement,1 selectable element,quadrilateral zonesChannel-aided protectionPhase overcurrent,High set,forStub bus application
Negative sequence overcurrentSwitch onto fault and trip onreclosePhase overcurrent, DT or IDMTGround over current, DT or IDMTFuse failure overcurrentPhase directional overcurrentDEF , communication aidedPower swing detection,used toselectively permit or block tripping
Voltage transformer supervisionCurrent transformer supervisionBreaker failure and backtripBroken conductor detectionCheck synchroniserAutorecloserOvervoltageUndervoltage
50
67/46
50/5150BF46BC25795927
Figure 1: Protection line diagram
Figure 2 illustrates that the faultedpower system can be considered toconsist of two parts: the unfaultedsystem and the superimposed system.The superimposed system defines thechanges caused by the fault.The directional elements process thesignals ∆V and ∆I obtained from thesuperimposed system (see Figure 2(iii))and calculate the sign of thesuperimposed energy:• for a forward fault ∆V and ∆I are of
opposite polarity (sign of energy:negative) and
• for a reverse fault ∆V and ∆I are ofthe same polarity (sign of energy:positive).
The directional and phase selectionelements will change their decision ifrequired, for example during evolvingor cross-country faults.
Conventional algorithmsConventional algorithms in the relaysuse impedance measurement criteriawith quadrilateral-shapedcharacteristics. This algorithm is usedfor the time-delayed zones when thesuperimposed delta quantities havedisappeared. Phase selection isenhanced for high current faults byutilising current phase selection. If thefault current is low, impedance phaseselection is used.A fault is detected when theimpedance crosses the startingcharacteristic (see Figure 3).Both algorithms independently monitorthe system, measuring the impedanceloops and calculating delta values
continuously. On fault inception, thetripping logic criteria are started toprovide secure, fast tripping.
Distance to faultThe distance to the fault is measuredby discriminating between the voltagedrop on the line and that caused bythe fault. This removes the error due tothe fault resistance irrespective of theload current. A least squares method isused to get the algorithms to convergerapidly.
Quadrilateral characteristicsTwo independently settable impedancecharacteristics (for earth faults andphase faults) provide five zones ofprotection each as shown in Figure 4.They are:• Zone 1 forward directional instant-
aneous or time-delayed trip zoneandZone 1X forward directional used inZone 1 extension schemes withautoreclosure, or as a time-delayedtrip zone. Zone 1X can be enabled
when the channel associated withan aided scheme has failed.
• Zone 2 forward directionaltime-delayed trip zone.
• Zone P forward or reverse “programmable” directional timedelayed trip zone.
• Zone 3 forward directional time delayed trip zone.
• Zone 4 reverse directional time delayed trip zone.
Four independent earth fault residualcompensation coefficients areprovided for non-homogeneous lineprotection, or the back-up protection oftransformers.
Power swing blockingPower swing is detected when theimpedance passes through the ∆R and∆X zone in more than 5 ms.Any of the zones (Z1/Z1X, Z2, Z3 orZp) can be selectively blocked. Three separate elements can be set tooverride the power swing blocking incase of major faults.
4
(i) Faulted
(ii) Unfaulted(predicted)
ZS
(iii) Superimposed
FI f I f
Vf
Vf
V
V
Voltage:– Current:–
t=0 t=0t=0
VpI
I
I I
F
F
Vp VP
pp
Figure 2: Relationship between the superimposed and the faulted power system
Zone 3, T3Zone P, Tp
Zone 2, T2Zone 1X, T1Zone 1, T1
R1PhR1G
R2PhR2G
RpPhRpG
R3PhR3GR
Zone P, Tpreverse
Zone 4, T4
X
R
Starting characteristic(fault detection)
Power- swingboundary
X
Figure 3: Impedance characteristic
Switch-on-to-fault (SOTF)/Trip on reclose (TOR)The Switch-On-To-Fault and Trip OnReclose protection offers fast faultclearance immediately following circuitbreaker closure. TOR can beconfigured to trip only for faults inselected zones so as to make sure thefault is on the protected line. They canalso be directionalised by distanceschemes.An overcurrent threshold (I>3) isavailable to accelerate the trip on highfault current.The SOTF protection is blocked when2nd harmonic is detected in order toavoid maloperation due to transformermagnetising inrush.
Channel-aided scheme logicThe relay is fitted with acomprehensive selection of IEC andANSI/IEEE compatible channel-aidedschemes for 2 terminal feeders:• Permissive Underreach Protection,
Accelerating Zone 2 (PUP Z2),• Permissive Underreach Protection
Tripping via Forward Start(PUP forward),
• Permissive Overreach Protection withOverreaching Zone 1(POP Z1),
• Permissive Scheme Unblocking logic(Loss of Guard, Loss of Carrier)
• Blocking Overreach Protection withOverreaching zone 2 (BOP Z2),
• Blocking Overreach Protection withOverreaching zone 1 (BOP Z1),
• Weak Infeed and Echo logic.For double circuit lines, currentreversal guard logic is available toprevent tripping of a healthy line.In addition to the pre-programmedschemes, the relays allow the creationof customised channel-aided schemes.
Loss of load accelerated trippingThe loss of load logic provides fastfault clearance for faults over thewhole of a double end fed protectedcircuit for all types of fault, exceptthree phase. It does not require asignalling channel but can be enabledwhen the channel associated with anaided scheme has failed. (Loss of loadschemes are applicable only wherethree pole tripping is employed.)
Other ProtectionFunctionsDirectional comparison schemeThe programmable scheme logic (PSL)provides many scheme possibilities.An example of this is to create adirectional comparison schemeintegral to the relay.
The PSL can be used to initiate anexternal signal send when a forwardfault directional decision is made. The relay at the other end can use thissignal receive with its own forwardfault decision to initiate a trip thuscreating a unit protection of the wholeline.
Phase overcurrentFour independent stages are availablefor the phase overcurrent protection. Two stages (I>1 and I>2) may beselected as non-directional ordirectional (forward/reverse). All stages have definite time (DT)delayed characteristics, two of thestages (I>1 and I>2) may also beindependently set to one of nineinverse definite minimum time (IDMT)curves (IEC and IEEE). The IDMTstages have a programmable resettimer for grading withelectromechanical relays and toreduce clearance times whereintermittent faults occur.• The I>1 and I>2 stages are also
used for emergency overcurrentprotection in case of a VTmalfunction (MCB trip or fusefailure).
• The I>3 DT stage is used as part ofthe SOTF/TOR elements and todetect close-up faults.
• The I>4 DT stage is used for StubBus protection in 11/2 circuit breakerfeeding arrangements.
The phase fault elements direction isprovided by the distance algorithms.Overcurrent elements operate correctlyfor close-up three phase faults as theyuse the superimposed “Delta” elementsfor the directional decision.
Negative sequenceovercurrentNegative sequence overcurrentprotection can be set as either non-directional or directional(forward/reverse), and can operatefor remote phase-phase and phase-earth faults even with delta-startransformers present.
Earth fault elementsTwo functions of earth fault protectionare available. They operate from aresidual current that is derivedinternally from the summation of thethree phase currents.The directionality of the earth faultelements is provided by either zerosequence voltage or negativesequence voltage.Channel-Aided Directional Earth Fault("Aided DEF")Directional comparison protectionoperates in conjunction with one ortwo remote end relays. The Aided DEFprotection is able to trip single orthree-pole using permissive or blockingscheme logic. The transmissionchannels may be the same as thoseused by the distance protection or maybe independent.
Stand-by Earth Fault ("SBEF")There are two stand-by earth faultelements. Both can be set directionalor non directional. Each can be seteither DT or IDMT time-delayed. Stand-by earth fault elements alwaystrip three pole and have an optionaltimer hold facility on reset. They maybe enabled at the same time providingdiscriminative directional earth faultprotection and back-up standby earthfault protection in the same device.To maintain operation during periodsof VT malfunction, a back-up VTS faildefinite time function can be appliedto both elements. On VTS pick-up bothare forced to non-directional operationand are subject to a revised DT timedelay, user set to mimic distance zonetime delays.
Under/overvoltageUnder/overvoltage protection may beconfigured to operate from eitherphase-phase or phase-neutral voltageelements. Two independent stages withdefinite time elements are available,one of the stages can also beconfigured to an inverse characteristic.
5
tDirectionalcomparison
to remotefrom remote
21 forward
Broken conductorThe broken conductor protectiondetects unbalanced conditions causedby broken conductors, maloperation ofsingle phase switchgear or by singlephasing conditions.
Supervisory FunctionsCircuit breaker failure protectionCircuit breaker failure protection maybe used for backtripping upstreamcircuit breakers, and/or for retrippingvia a second breaker trip coil when alocal breaker failure is detected. The circuit breaker failure logic mayalso be initiated externally from otherprotection devices if required.
Voltage transformer supervision(VTS)Voltage transformer supervision isprovided to detect loss of one, two orthree VT signals, providing indicationand inhibition of voltage dependentprotection elements. An opto-input mayalso be configured to initiate thevoltage transformer supervision alarmand blocking when used with MCBs orother external forms of voltagetransformer supervision.The logic is as follows:
Current transformer supervision(CTS)Current transformer supervision isprovided to detect loss of phase CTsignals and inhibit the operation ofcurrent dependent protection elements.This is achieved by detecting thepresence of residual current in theabsence of residual voltage.
ControlCircuit breaker controlCircuit breaker control is availablefrom the front panel user interface,opto-inputs and remotely via thesubstation communications.
Autoreclose with synchronismcheck The P441 provides three pole multi-shot (up to 4 shots) autoreclose withoptional synchronism check. The P442 provides one and three polemulti-shot (up to 4 shots) autoreclosewith optional synchronism check. For both models, the user may select asingle, two, three or four shotautoreclose cycle, with independentlysettable dead times and reclaim time. The check synchroniser offersindependent settings for manualclosing and autoreclosing. (Checksynchronism is an optional extra whichshould be specified at the time ofordering).
Programmable scheme logicProgrammable scheme logic allows theuser to customise the protection andcontrol functions. It is also used toprogram the functionality of the opto-inputs, relay outputs and LEDindications.The programmable scheme logiccomprises 256 gate logic and 8general purpose timers. The gate logicincludes OR, AND and majority gatefunctions, with the ability to invert theinputs and outputs, and providefeedback. The system is optimised toevaluate changes to the scheme logicsignals and thus avoid unnecessarysignal processing.The programmable scheme logic maybe configured using the graphicalMiCOM S1 PC based software, as
illustrated in Figure 4. The requiredlogic is drawn as shown and is thendownloaded directly into the relay. The total scheme operation is shownclearly and there is no need forcomplex Boolean formulas. The logicmay also be uploaded from the relayand then modified using MiCOM S1.
MiCOM Z-GraphMICOM Z-Graph allows downloadingdistance protection settings from therelay and displaying the trippingcharacteristic for all 4 groups. The user can modify the distancesettings and upload the newconfiguration into the relay.Conversion to Rio format is alsoavailable.
Independent protectionsetting groupsThe settings are divided into twocategories; protection settings, andcontrol and support settings. Four setting groups are provided forthe protection settings to allow fordifferent operating conditions andadaptive relaying.
6
Figure 4: Programmable scheme logic (MiCOM S1)
U0
I0
IMAX
I2
U<
∆I
&
&
1 or 2 VT signalsfailed
3 VT signals failed
Measurement andRecording FacilitiesThe P440 series is capable ofmeasuring and storing the values of awide range of quantities. All events,fault and disturbance records are timetagged to a resolution of 1ms using aninternal real time clock. An IRIG-B portis also provided in the P442 relay foraccurate time synchronisation.A lithium battery provides a back-upfor the real time clock and all recordsin the event of supply failure. This battery is supervised and easilyreplaced from the front of the relay.
MeasurementsThe measurements provided, whichmay be viewed in primary orsecondary values, can be accessed bythe back-lit liquid crystal display, orthe communications ports. Phase notation is user definable.
Instantaneous measurements• Phase voltages Van Vbn Vcn
• Line voltages Vab Vbc Vca
• Neutral voltage Vn
• Busbar voltage• Phase currents Ia Ib Ic
• Neutral current In
• Mutual current Im
• Sequence currents and voltages• Frequency• Single and three phase power factor• Active power Wa Wb Wc
Wtotal• Reactive power VAra VArb VArc
VArtotal
• Apparent power VAa VAb VAcVAtotal
Derived values• Peak and average demand:
W VAr
Post Fault AnalysisFault locationA fault location algorithm providesdistance to fault in miles, kilometres,ohms or percentage of line.A mutual compensation feature isprovided to eliminate the effect of zerosequence mutual coupling fromparallel lines.
Event recordsUp to 250 time-tagged event recordsare stored in non-volatile memory, andcan be extracted using thecommunication ports or viewed on thefront panel display.
Fault recordsRecords of the last 5 faults are storedin non-volatile memory. The information provided in the faultrecord includes:• Indication of faulted phase• Protection operation• Active setting group• Fault location• Relay and CB operating time• Currents, voltages and frequency
Disturbance recordsThe internal disturbance recorderrecords:• 8 analogue channels, • 32 digital channels• 1 time channel. • Data is sampled 24 times a cycle.• 20 disturbance records. • Maximum duration of each record:
10.5 seconds. • Non-volatile memory. • All channels and trigger sources user
configured.
Disturbance records can be extractedfrom the relay via the remotecommunications and saved in theCOMTRADE format.These records may be examined usingMiCOM S1 or any suitable softwareprogram.
Switchgear SupervisionTrip circuit monitoring andsupervisionMonitoring of the trip circuit in bothbreaker open and closed states.Supervision of the trip circuit using theprogrammable scheme logic.
Circuit breaker state monitoringAn alarm will be generated if there isa discrepancy between the open andclosed contacts of the circuit breaker.
Circuit breaker conditionmonitoringThe circuit breaker conditionmonitoring features include:• monitoring the number of breaker
trip operations• recording the sum of the broken
current quantity ∑Ix, 1.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0• monitoring the breaker operating
time • monitoring the number of breaker
operations within a predeterminedperiod.
7
Figure 5: Disturbance record analysing (MiCOM S1)
8
6. Additional hardware for P442 only.
7. ANSI CODES:
ProtectionParallel line
BV
VBUSBARSee note 2.
C23
C24
C22
C21
CV
C20
AV
C19
Direction of for
Direction of forward current flow
A
B
C
P2
a b c
n
N
P2
A B
C
B
A
C
Phase rotation
P1
C
A
B
P1
Phase rotation
A
C B
S1S2
See note 3.See note 4.
See note 1.
C4
MI
IC
C10
C9
C8
C7
C6
BIC5
C3
C2AI C1
1A
5A
5A
1A
5A
1A
5A
1A
See note 6.
D2
D1D4
D3D6
D5D8
D7D10
D9D12
D11D14
D13D16
D15
E2
E1E4
E3E6
E5E8
E7E10
E9E12
E11F14
E13E16
E15
Userprogrammable
Userprogrammable
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
L8
L9
L10
L11
L12
L13
L14
L15
L16
atchdog
RS232
RS485
+
+
Courier
Courier orModbus orIEC60870-5-103
+
LEDs
Userprogrammable LEDs
LEDs
Fixed LEDs
J8J10
48V field voltage
J7J9 48V field voltage
J14J13J12J11
Relay failed
Relay healthy
Auxiliary voltage
See note 5.
See note 6.
J2
J1
RL7
RL6
RL5
RL4
RL3
RL2
RL1
Userprogrammable
H1H2H3H4H5H6H7H8H9H10H11H12H13H14H15H16H17H18
RL14
RL13
RL12
RL11
RL10
RL9
RL8
Userprogrammable
G1G2G3G4G5G6G7G8G9G10G11G12G13G14G15G16G17G18
RL21
RL20
RL19
RL18
RL17
RL16
RL15
Userprogrammable
See note 6.
F1F2F3F4F5F6F7F8F9F10F11F12F13F14F15F16F17F18
Measurements
kA, kV HzkW kVA kVkW kV rhSequence components
1 4 0 0
Breakermonitoring
No. trips = 100SUM I2 = 1000 kACB opt time = 100 ms
Fault A-B - C 15msIa = 1000 AIb = 1000 AIc = 1000 A
5Faultreports
20Disturbancerecords
250Eventrecords
I N 1 St ON
00:12:00 01/01/99
12:01 01/01/99
rip A B C
Programmable scheme logic
SCNF16
F18
Fibre opticCommunicationfor IEC60870-5-103(optional)RX
TX
IRIG-B input(optional)
- ana
logu
e qu
antit
ies
acqu
isiti
on a
nd fi
lterin
g- t
hres
hold
s ca
lcul
atio
n- p
rote
ctio
n al
gorit
hms
- transformer- 16 bit ADC
- fixed scheme logic- programmable schemelogic
- communications- user inter
3. C.T. connections are shown 1Aconnected and are typical only.
4. All C.T. connections have integralshorting. These contacts are madebefore the internal C.T. circuits aredisconnected.
5. The bridge rectifier is not present onthe 24-48Vdc version.
1. input is for optional mutualcompensation of fault locator.IM
2. only required if checksynchronism function enabled.V BUSBAR
Notes:
Front por
Rear por
85
50BF
46BC 46
21P
50
5027
67N
21G
51F
78
50N/51N
67
VTS/CTS
59 27 25/79
50/51
21N Ground distance protection,3 forward elements,1 reverse element,1 selectable element,quadrilateral zones
21P Phase distance protection,3 forward elements,1 reverse element,1 selectable element,quadrilateral zones
85 Distance protection,communication aided
50 Phase overcurrent, High set,for Stub bus application
67/46 Negative sequenceovercurrent
50/27 Switch onto fault and trip onreclose
50/51 Phase overcurrent, DT orIDMT
50/51N Stand-by Earth fault, DT orIDMT
51FF Fuse failure overcurrent67 Phase directional overcurrent67N Directional Earth fault,
communication aided78 Power swing detection, used
to selectively permit or blocktripping
VTS Voltage transformersupervision
CTS Current transformersupervision
50BF Breaker failure and backtrip46BC Broken conductor detection25 Check synchroniser79 Autorecloser59 Overvoltage27 Undervoltage
See note 7.
/
F
, ,
face
W
ward current flow
C11
C12
S2 S1
t
t
,, ,
T ON
Co-
proc
esso
r boa
rd
Inputmodule
Main Processor &User Interfaceboard
IRIG
-Bbo
ard
Pow
er s
uppl
ybo
ard
Opto inputboard
Rela
y ou
tput
boa
rdRe
lay
outp
ut b
oard
Rela
y ou
tput
boa
rd
>
Figure 6: System overview of the P442 relay
Local and RemoteCommunicationsTwo communication ports areavailable; a rear port providingremote communications and a frontport providing local communications.
Remote communicationsThe remote communications are basedon RS485 voltage levels. Any of theprotocols listed below can be chosenat the time of ordering, for easysystem integration such as MiCOM S10, PSCN, SPACE 2000and other SCADA or integratedprotection control packages.
Courier/K-BusThe Courier language is a protocolwhich has been developed specificallyfor the purpose of developing genericPC programs that will, withoutmodification, communicate with anydevice using the Courier language.
ModbusModbus is a master/slave protocol,whereby the master must haveknowledge of the slave's databasesand addresses. The MiCOM P440series is implemented in Modbus RTUmode.
IEC 60870-5-103 The relay is compliant with thetransmission protocol defined by thespecification IEC 60870-5-103. An optional fibre optic interface isavailable for this protocol.The standardised messages based onthe VDEW communication protocol aresupported.
Local communicationsThe front serial communications porthas been designed for use withMiCOM S1 software, which fullysupports functions within the relay byproviding the ability to program thesettings off-line, configure theprogrammable scheme logic, extractand view event, disturbance and faultrecords, view the measurementinformation dynamically and performcontrol functions. ALSTOM’s PAS&Tcan also be used with the localcommunications port.MiCOM S1 and PAS&T softwares areprovided separately.
DiagnosticsAutomatic tests performed includingpower-on diagnostics and continuousself-monitoring ensure a high degree
of reliability. The results of the self-testfunctions are stored in non-volatilememory. Test features available on theuser interface provide examination ofinput quantities, states of the digitalinputs, relay outputs and selectedinternal logic. A local monitor portproviding digital outputs, selected froma prescribed list of signals, includingthe status of protection elements, maybe used in conjunction with testequipment. These test signals can alsobe viewed using the Courier andModbus communications ports.
Hardware DescriptionAll models within the MiCOM P440series include:• A back-lit liquid crystal display• 12 LEDs• An optional IRIG-B port• An RS232 port• An RS485 port• A download/monitor port• A battery (supervised) - time function
only• N/O and N/C watchdog contacts• Supervised 48V field voltage• 1A/5A dual rated CTsThe case variations between theMiCOM P441 and P442 models are:
The opto-inputs, relay outputs and 8 ofthe LEDs are preconfigured as adefault, but may be re-programmed bythe user. The opto-inputs areindependent and may be poweredfrom the 48V field voltage availablefrom the relay. The relay outputs maybe configured as latching or self reset.All CT connections have integralshorting.
User InterfaceThe front panel user interfacecomprises:
(1) A 2 x 16 character back-lit liquidcrystal display.
(2) Four fixed function LEDs.(3) Eight user programmable LEDs.(4) Menu navigation and data entry
keys.(5) "READ" ; and "CLEAR" C keys
for viewing and acknowledgingalarms.
(6) An upper cover identifying theproduct name.The cover may be raised toprovide access to the productmodel number, serial numberand ratings.
(7) A lower cover concealing thefront RS232 port, download/monitor port and batterycompartment.The front of the cover displaysthe name of the product, but mayalso be customised to display auser defined name.
(8) Facility for fitting a security leadseal.
9
P442P441168Opto-inputs
9 N/O12 C/O
6 N/O8 C/ORelay outputs
7
2
61
3
5
4
8
System
frequency
Date andtime
Three-phasevoltage
Alarmmessages
Other defaultdisplays
Column 1 System data
Column n Group 4
Distance Elts
Data 1.1 Language
Data 2.1 Last record
Data n.1 Line Setting
Data 1.2 Password
Data 2.2 Data n.2 Line Length
Data 1.n
Passwordlevel 2
Data 2.n
Data n.n
kZm AngleResetIndication
Other setting
cells incolumn 1
Other column headings
Note: The C key will return to column header from any menu cell
Other settingcells in
column 2
Other settingcells in
column n
Column 2 View records
Time and date
Figure 7: Menu structure
The user interface and menu text areavailable in English, French, Germanand Spanish as standard. Labelssupplied with the device allowcustomised descriptions of the LEDs.A user selectable default displayprovides measurement information,time/date, protection functions andplant reference information. The abilityto customise the menu text and alarmdescriptions is also supported.
Password protectionPassword protection may beindependently applied to the front userinterface, front communications portand rear communications port.Two levels of password protection areavailable providing access to thecontrols and settings respectively.
Technical Data
Operating timeDistance protection:• 18ms minimum• 22ms typical at 60Hz
25ms typical at 50Hz• Drop-off time 18ms at 60Hz
22ms at 50HzOvercurrent protection:• 10ms minimumBreaker failure protection:• Reset time <15ms
Accuracy• Distance protection: ±5%• Fault locator: ±3%
Ratings
Inputs:• AC current (In)
1A - 5A dual rated ac rms• AC voltage (Vn)
80 - 140V rmsnominal phase-phase
• Rated frequency 50/60Hz• Operative range 45Hz to 65Hz• Auxiliary voltage (Vx)
Outputs:• Field voltage supply
48V dc (current limit: 112mA)
Burdens• DC auxiliary voltage
15VA typical (P441)18VA typical (P442)
• AC auxiliary voltage16W typical (P441)19W typical (P442)
• Optically isolated inputs0.24W per input at 48V
• Nominal voltage circuitUn 100 – 120V <0.03VA at 110V
• Nominal current circuitPhase and neutral<0.04VA at 1A<0.4VA at 5A
Thermal withstand• AC current inputs
4.0 In continuous30 In for 10s100 In for 1s
• AC voltage inputs2 Vn continuous2.6 Vn for 10s
Current transformerrequirements• For Class X current transformers :
Vk = IF (1 + X/R)(RB + RCT + RL)Where:• IF = The maximum secondary
fault current at the relayZone 1 reach point.
• X/R = The primary system ratio.• RB = The relay burden.• RCT = The CT secondary winding
resistance.• RL = The resistance of the cable
connection the relay to theCTs, (lead and return forearth faults, lead only forphase faults.)
• For IEC class 5P protection currenttransformers:[(VA.ALF)/In] + [RCT.ALF.In)>
IF(1 + X/R)(RB + RCT + RL)Where:VA = burdenALF = accuracy limit factor
Digital inputs• Optically isolated inputs may be
energised from the supervised 48Vfield voltage provided or an externalbattery.
• Operating voltage >30V dc• Max. input voltage 60V dc• AC immunity 50V rms
Contacts• Contact ratings:
Make: 30A and carry for 3sCarry: 5A continuousBreak: dc 50W resistive
25W inductive(L/R = 40ms)
ac 1250VA resistiveac 1250VA inductive
(P.F. = 0.5)Subject to maxima of 5A and 300V
• Watchdog contact ratingsdc 30W resistivedc 15W inductive
(L/R = 40ms)ac 375W inductive
(P.F. = 0.7)• Durability:
Loaded contact10,000 operations minimumUnloaded contact100,000 operations minimum
Rear communications port• Connection
Multidrop (32 units)• Cable type
Screened twisted pair• Cable length 1000m max• Connector Screw terminals• Signal levels RS485• Isolation SELV• Remote access• Transmission rate:
9600, 19200 or 38400 bits/s.
Protocols supported• Courier• Modbus• IEC 60870-5-103
Note: An interface to an opticalfibre, type 850nm, BFOC 2.5connector is available forIEC 60870-5-103.
10
Nominal(V)dc
Operative range
dc ac
19 to 6524 - 48 –
37 to 15048 - 110 24 to 110
87 to 300110 - 250 80 to 265
11
Front communications port• Connection Point to point• Cable type Multi-core• Cable length 15m max
Connector RS232 DTE9 pin D-type female
• Protocol Courier• Isolation ELV• Local access• Transmission rate:
9600, 19200 or 38400 bits/s.
IRIG-B Port• Carrier signal
Amplitude modulated• Cable type
50 ohm coaxial cable• Connection BNC• Isolation SELV
Internal battery
• Battery type: 1/2 AA, 3.6V
• Battery life: >5 years
With auxiliary supply removed:1 year
Download/monitor port
This is a 25 pin D-type femaleconnector located on the front userinterface and is specificallydesigned for test purposes andsoftware download.• Isolation ELV• Local access
High voltage withstand
• Dielectric withstandIEC 60255-5: 19772kV rms for 1 minute between allcase terminals connected togetherand the case earth.2kV rms for 1 minute between allterminals of independent circuitswith terminals on each independentcircuit connected together.ANSI/IEEE C37.90-1989 (r1994)1kV rms for 1 minute across theopen contacts of the watchdogrelays.1kV rms for 1 minute across opencontacts of changeover outputrelays.1.5kV rms for 1 minute acrossopen contacts of normally openoutput relays.
• High voltage impulseIEC 60255-5: 1977Three positive and three negativeimpulses of 5kV peak, 1.2/50µs,0.5J between all terminals and allterminals and case earth.This is not applicable to the frontRS232 and download/monitorports.
Electrical environment
• DC supply interruptionIEC 60255-11: 1979The unit will withstand a 20msinterruption in the auxiliary supply,in its quiescent state, without de-energising.
• AC ripple on dc supplyIEC 60255-11: 1979The unit will withstand a 12% acripple on the dc supply.
• AC voltage dips and shortinterruptionsIEC 61000-4-11: 199420ms interruptions/dips.
• High frequency disturbanceIEC 60255-22-1: 1988 Class IIIAt 1MHz, for 2s with 200Ω sourceimpedance:2.5kV peak between independentcircuits and independent circuitsand case earth.1.0kV peak across terminals of thesame circuit.
• Fast transient disturbanceIEC 60255-22-4 : 1992 Class IV4kV, 2.5kHz applied directly toauxiliary supply4kV, 2.5kHz applied to all inputs.
• Surge withstand capabilityIEEE/ANSI C37.90.1 (1989)4kV fast transient and 2.5kVoscillatory applied directly acrosseach output contact, optically isolatedinput and power supply circuit.
• Radiated immunityC37.90.2: 199525MHz to 1000MHz, zero and100% square wave modulated.Field strength of 35V/m.
• Conducted immunityIEC 61000-4-6: 1996 Level 310V, 150kHz to 80MHz at 1kHz80% am
• Electrostatic dischargeIEC 60255-22-2: 1996 Class 415kV discharge in air to userinterface, display and exposedmetal work.IEC 60255-22-2: 1996 Class 38kV discharge in air to allcommunication ports. 6kV pointcontact discharge to any part of thefront of the product.
• Surge immunityIEC 61000-4-5: 1995 Level 44kV peak, 1.2/50µs between allgroups and case earth.2kV peak, 1.2/50µs betweenterminals of each group.
• EMC compliance
89/336/EEC
Compliance to the EuropeanCommission Directive on EMC isclaimed via the TechnicalConstruction File route.Generic Standards were used toestablish conformity:EN50081-2: 1994EN50082-2: 1995
• Product safety
73/23/EEC
Compliance with EuropeanCommission Low Voltage Directive.Compliance is demonstrated byreference to generic safetystandards:EN61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995EN60950: 1992/A11: 1997
Atmospheric environment
• TemperatureIEC 60255-6:1988Operating –25°C to +55°CStorage –40°C to +70°CTransit –25°C to +70°CIEC 60068-2-1: 1990/A2:1994ColdIEC 60068-2-2: 1974/A2:1994Dry heat
• HumidityIEC 60068-2-3: 196956 days at 93% RH and +40°C
• Enclosure protectionIEC 60529: 1989IP52 Protection (front panel) againstdust and dripping water at 15° tothe vertical.
12
Mechanical environment
• VibrationIEC 60255-21-1: 1996Response Class 2Endurance Class 2
• Shock and bumpIEC 60255-21-2: 1995Shock response Class 2Shock withstand Class 1
• SeismicIEC 60255-21-3: 1995 Class 2
Cases
P441 MiCOM 40TEP442 MiCOM 60TE
• WeightP441 c.7.7 kgP442 c.9.4 kg
Additional information
MiCOM P441 & P442
Service Manual SM1.1671(TG1.1671+OG1.1671)
Courier Communications R4113
MiCOM S1 User Manual R8610
Midos Parts Catalogue and Assembly Instructions R7012
PAS&T R8514
Case
The MiCOM P440 series relays arehoused in a specially designed caseproviding a high density offunctionality within the product, acustomisable user interface, additionalfunctions and information concealedby upper and lower covers.Physical protection of the front paneluser interface and prevention of casualaccess is provided by an optionaltransparent front cover, which can befitted or omitted according to choice,since the front panel has beendesigned to IP52 protection againstdust and water.The case is suitable for either rack orpanel mounting as shown in Figures 8and 9.
23.30 155.40
181.30202.00
10.35
159.00 168.00
8 off holes Dia. 3.4
A B B A
A B B A
Flush mounting panel
Note: If mounting plateis required use flushmounting cut out dimensions
200.00
All dimensions in mm
Front view
177.00
206.00 30.00 Side view
240.00Incl. wiring
Secondary cover (when fitted)
157.5 max
177.0(4U)
483 (19” rack)
Sealing strip
Panel cut-out detailA = Clearance holesB = Mounting holes
A = Clearance holesB = Mounting holes
23.25
159.00
10.30
168.
00
177.00
Front view
Side view30.00
240.00Incl. wiring
Secondary cover (when fitted)
116.55 142.45
155.40 129.50305.50
A B A B B A
A B B AB A
12 off holes Dia. 3.4
303.50
309.60
157.5 max
177.0(4U)
483 (19” rack)
Sealingstrip
All dimensions in mm
Figure 8: Case size P441 (40TE)
Figure 9: Case size P442 (60TE)
MiCOM P442 SpecificationAn integrated distance protection andautoreclose scheme shall provide oneand three phase protection for twoand three terminal applications, withfaulted phase and fault valueindications. An integral four shot, oneand three pole autorecloser shallsupport synchronism check. The relaymust have a five zone characteristicwith an independent settable earthfault coefficient per zone. Resistancereach for phase and earth faultprotections shall be independentlysettable with provision being madefor non-homogeneous lines ortransformer protection.Relay operating time for faults in thepilot zone or for faults within zone 1reach shall be less than 1.5 cycle.Distance phase selection anddirectionality shall operate correctlyfor evolving faults between phases,between forward and reversedirections and between parallel lines(cross-country faults).In addition to distance protection, therelay shall include instantaneousovercurrent protection for close-upfault, stub bus protection, SOTF/TORprotection, under/overvoltageprotection, breaker failure protection,power swing selective blocking,parallel line compensation, and acomprehensive range of IEC andANSI/IEEE compatible pilot schemesfor distance and DEF, and back-upincluding a comprehensive selectionof IEC and ANSI/IEEE compatibleIDMT characteristics for phase andearth fault overcurrent protection.Maximised protection availabilityshall be provided through extensiveself-monitoring, self-test and CT/VTsupervision. Internal three-phase VTsupervision shall be provided.Flexible programmable scheme logicshall be provided in order to allowthe user to customise the protectionand control functions, using agraphical interface software.Programming of the device shall bepossible using a front panel userinterface, local and remotecommunications ports. The front paneluser interface shall provideindependent keys for the viewing andacknowledgement of alarms. A comprehensive range ofmeasurement values shall beavailable for viewing on the userinterface and the communicationports.
Time-tagged event, fault anddisturbance records shall be stored innon-volatile memory. The internaldisturbance recorder shall have acapacity to store 20 records, eachrecord shall store sampled data from8 analogue and 32 digital channelsover a period of 10 seconds.
A complete software package shallbe able to provide support for localand remote programming, andextraction of records from the device.
Accessories Please quoteon order
Rack frame (in accordance with CEI 60297).
Case to rack sealing gaskets are available to improve the overall IP ratingof the panel, (10 per order)
M4 90° pre-insulated ring terminals:Blue - Wire size 1.04 to 2.63mm2 (100 per order)Red - Wire size 0.25 to 1.65mm2 (100 per order)
Secondary cover: P441 Size 40TEP442 Size 60TE
Blanking plates: Size 10TESize 20TESize 30TESize 40TE
Distance Protection Relay
Setting software
Version
Options
3 pole tripping/reclosing,8 opto inputs, 14 relay outputs, no IRIG-B
Base version (Settings editor, Monitoring, PSL editor, Menu text editor)
1 & 3 pole tripping/reclosing, 16 opto inputs, 21 relay outputs, IRIG-B & Fibre optic converter options
Base version + Disturbance Analyser and Archiver
Vx auxiliary rating24 - 48V dc48 - 110V dc (30 - 100V ac)
110 - 250V dc (100 - 240V ac)
Hardware options
Software options
Standard version
Without check synchronising
IRIG-B input (P442 only)
With check synchronising
Fibre optic converter (IEC 60870-5-103) (P442 only)IRIG-B input & Fibre optic converter (IEC 60870-5-103) (P442 only)
Protocol optionsK-Bus
Modbus
IEC 60870-5-103 (VDEW)
Relay type
Software type
Our policy is one of continuous product development.The order code for MiCOM S1 may be subject to change.
Note :
FX0021 001
GN2044 001
ZB9124 900ZB9124 901
GN0037 001GN0038 001
GJ2028 002GJ2028 004GJ2028 006GJ2028 008
4
1
2
123
1
1
A
2
B
3
4
1
2
3
MiCOM P 4 0 0 0 0 AA
1
1
2
MiCOM S A 0 A
13
Information Required with Order
14
Protection Setting RangesDistance protection element
Power swing blockingSetting rangeSetting
Distance Schemes
Basic + Z1X, POP Z1,POP Z2, PUP Z2, PUP Fwd, BOP Z1, BOP Z2.
Standard ModeStandard Scheme, open SchemeProgram Mode
Phase to Ground, Phase to Phase,Both Enabled.
Fault Type
Force 3 Poles,1 Pole Z1 & Carrier receive,1 Pole Z1 Z2 & Carrier receive.
Trip Mode
None, CsZ1, CsZ2, CsZ4.Signal Send Zone
None, Permissive Z1,Permissive Z2, Permissive Forward,Block Z1, Block Z2.
Distance carrierreceive
0 - 1sTp 0.002s
Setting rangeSetting Step size
0 - 0.15stReversal Guard 0.002sBit 0: TOR Z1 Enabled,Bit 1: TOR Z2 Enabled, Bit 2: TOR Z3 Enabled, Bit 3: TOR All Zones Enabled,Bit 4: Dist. Scheme Enabled,Bit 5: SOFT All Zones,Bit 6: SOFT Level Detectors.
TOR-SOTF Mode
Disabled or EnabledWeak Infeed
Disabled, Echo, Trip & Echo.Mode StatusDisabled or EnabledSingle Pole Trip10V - 70VV< Thres.0 - 1sTrip Time Delay
Z1 Ext. /Chan. Fail
0 - 400/In ΩDelta R 0.01/In ΩSetting rangeSetting Step size
0 - 400/In ΩDelta X 0.01/In Ω
10% - 100%IN> (% Imax) 1%Disabled or EnabledImax line> Status10% - 100%Imax line> 1%Disabled or EnabledI Phase>Status1 x In - 20 x InI Phase > 0.01 x In0 - 30sUnblock. Delay 0.1sBit 0: Z1&Z1X Block, Bit 1: Z2 Block, - Bit 2: Z3 Block, Bit 3: ZpBlock.
Blocked Zones
Disabled or EnabledIN> Status
5V0.002s
Channel-aided schemes
UK LTI
IEC SI
IEC VI
IEC EI
1000
100
10
1
0.1 100 10 1
Current (Multiple of Is) Current (Multiple of Is) O
pera
ting
time
(s)
Ope
ratin
g tim
e (s
)
IEC/UK curves
TMS = 1
IEC Standard inverse
IEC Very inverse
IEC Extremely inverse
UK Long time inverse
IEEE/US curves
TD = 7
IEEE Moderatelyinverse
t = 0.0515
I Is –1
0.02 TD 7
x + 0.114
IEEE Very inverse
IEEE Extremely inverse
US CO8 Inverse
US CO2 Short time inverse
t = 19.61
I Is –1
2 TD 7
x + 0.491
t = 28.2
I Is –1
2 TD 7
x + 0.1217
t = 5.95
I Is –1
2 TD 7
x + 0.18
t = 0.02394
I Is –1
0.02 TD 7
x + 0.01694
IEEE MI
IEEE VI
IEEE EI US CO8
US CO2
100 10 1 0.1
1
10
100
t = TMS x 0.14
I Is –1
0.02
t = TMS x 13.5
I Is –1
t = TMS x 80
I Is –1
2
t = TMS x 120
I Is –1
Figure 10 - IDMT curves
Setting rangeSetting Step sizeLoss of Load
Disabled or EnabledMode StatusDisabled or EnabledChan. Fail0.05 x In - 1 x InI<0.01s - 0.1sWindow
0.05 x In0.01s
Zone setting
Step sizeSetting rangeSettingLine setting
0.3 km (0.2 mile)- 1000 km (625 miles)
0.010 km(0.005 m)
Line Length
0.001 - 500 Ω 0.001 ΩLine Impedance
Bit 0: Z1X Enable, Bit 1: Z2 Enable, Bit 2: Zp Enable, Bit 3: Z3 Enable, Bit 4: Z4 Enable.
Zone Status
0 - 7 0.001KZ1 Res Comp–180° - +180° 0.1°KZ1 Angle0.001/In - 500/In Ω 0.001/In ΩZ10.001/In - 500/In Ω 0.001/In ΩZ1X0 - 400/In Ω 0.01/In ΩR1G0 - 400/In Ω 0.01/In ΩR1Ph0 - 10s 0.002stZ10 - 7 0.001KZ2 Res Comp–180° - +180° 0.1°KZ2 Angle0.001/In - 500/In Ω 0.001/In ΩZ20 - 400/In Ω 0.01/In ΩR2G0 - 400/In Ω 0.01/In ΩR2Ph0 - 10s 0.01stZ20 - 7 0.001KZ3/4 Res Comp–180° - +180° 0.1°KZ3/4 Angle0.001/In - 500/In Ω 0.001/In ΩZ30 - 400/In Ω 0.01/In ΩR3G - R4G0 - 400/In Ω 0.01/In ΩR3Ph - R4Ph0 - 10s 0.01stZ30.001/In - 500/In Ω 0.001/In ΩZ40 - 10s 0.01stZ4Forward or ReverseZone P – Direct.0 - 7 0.001KZp Res Comp–180° - +180° 0.1°KZp Angle0.001/In - 500/In Ω 0.001/In ΩZp0 - 400/In Ω 0.01/In ΩRpG0 - 400/In Ω 0.01/In ΩRpPh0 - 10s 0.01stZp
Fault Locator0 - 7 0.001KZm Mutual Comp–180° - +180° 0.1°KZm Angle
– 90° - + 90° 1°Line Angle
I< Only, CB Open & I<, Prot Reset & I<
15
1s1 - 20sVTS Time Delay
1V10 - 70VThreshold 3P U<0.01A0.01 - 5ADelta I>
1V0.01s
Overcurrent Protection Voltage transformer supervision
Channel-aided D.E.F.
Negative sequence overcurrent
Broken conductor detection
Earth fault protection
Step sizeSetting rangeSettingDT or IDMT (see Figure 8)
Block or Non directionalI>1 VTS Block0.01 x In0.08 x In - 4.0 x InI>1 Current Set0.01s0 - 100sI>1 Time Delay0.01s0 - 100sI>1 Time VTS0.0250.025 - 1.2I>1 TMS0.10.5 - 15I>1 Time Dial
DT or InverseI>1 Reset Char0.01s0 - 100sI>1 tReset
DT or IDMT (see Figure 8)I>2 FunctionNon-Directional, Forward, ReverseI>2 DirectionBlock or Non directionalI>2 VTS Block
0.01 x In0.08 x In - 4.0 x InI>2 Current Set0.01s0 - 100sI>2 Time Delay0.01s0 - 100sI>2 Time VTS0.0250.025 - 1.2I>2 TMS0.10.5 - 15I>2 Time Dial
DT or InverseI>2 Reset Char0.01s0 - 100sI>2 tRESET
Disabled or EnabledI>3 Status0.01 x In0.08 x In - 32 x InI>3 Current Set0.01s0s - 100sI>3 Time Delay
Disabled or EnabledI>4 Status0.01 x In0.08 x In - 32 x InI>4 Current Set0.01s0s - 100sI>4 Time Delay
I>1 FunctionNon-Directional, Forward, ReverseI>1 Direction
Step sizeSetting rangeSetting
1°–95° - +95°IN> Char AngleZero Sequence or Negative SequencePolarisation
IN> Directional
Step sizeSetting rangeSetting
Voltage protection
Circuit breaker failure
Step sizeSetting rangeBit 0: V<1 Trip, Bit 1: V<2 Trip, Bit 2: V>1 Trip, Bit 3: V>2 Trip
SettingV< & V> Mode
UndervoltageStep sizeSetting range
Phase-Phase or Phase-NeutralSetting
Step sizeSetting rangeSetting
0.005s0 - 10sCB Fail 10.005s0 - 10sCB Fail 2
I< Only, CB Open & I<, Prot Reset & I<
CBF Non I Reset
CBF Ext Reset
0.05 x In - 3.2 x InI<Current set
Breaker Fail
1V0.01s0.5
10 - 120V0 - 100s0.5 - 100
10 - 120V0 - 100sEnabled or Disabled
Enabled or Disabled
V<1 Voltage SetV<1 Time DelayV<1 TMS
V<2 Voltage Set
1V60 - 185VV>1 Voltage Set0.01s0 - 100sV>1 Time Delay0.50.5 - 100V>1 TMS
1V60 - 185VV>2 Voltage Set0.01s0 - 100sV>2 Time Delay
Enabled or DisabledV>2 Status
V<2 Time DelayV<2 Poledead Inh
Phase-Phase or Phase-NeutralV> Meas’t ModeDisabled, DT or IDMTV>1 Function
Overvoltage
V<2 Status
V< Measur’t Mode
Disabled, DT or IDMTV<1 Function
0.05V0.05 - 20VV>Voltage set0.01 xIn0.05 x In - 4 x InIN Forward>0.1s0 - 10sTime Delay
Shared, Blocking or PermissiveScheme LogicThree Phase or Single PhaseTripping
Disabled or EnabledAided DEF StatusZero Sequence or Neg. SequencePolarisation
Step sizeSetting rangeSetting
0.01 x In0 - 1 x InVTS I2> & I0>Inhibit
Enabled or DisabledDetect 3P
Enabled or DisabledCTS Status0.5 V0.5 - 22VCTS VN< Inhibit0.01 x In0.08 x In - 4 x InCTS IN> Set1s0 - 10sCTS Time Delay
Current transformer supervision
Step sizeSetting rangeSetting
Check synchronisation
Autoreclose
Step sizeSetting rangeSetting
1V5 - 30VV< Dead Line1V30 - 120VV> Live Line1V5 - 30VV< Dead Bus1V30 - 120VV> Live Bus0.1V0.5 - 40VDiff Voltage0.01Hz0.02 - 1HzDiff Frequency2.5°5° - 90°Diff Phase0.1s0.1 - 2sBus-Line Delay
Bit 0: Live Bus / Dead Line, Bit 1: Dead Bus / Live Line, Bit 2: Live Bus / Live Line.
C/S CheckScheme for A/R
Step sizeSetting rangeSetting1, 1/3, 1/3/3, 1/3/3/3.3, 3/3, 3/3/3, 3/3/3/3.
1P Trip Mode3P Trip Mode
Bit 0: Live Bus / Dead Line, Bit 1: Dead Bus / Live Line, Bit 2: Live Bus / Live Line.
C/S CheckScheme for ManCB
0.01 x InUndercurrent
Step sizeSetting rangeSettingDisabled, Enabled
Block, Non-DirectionalI2> VTS0.01In0.08In - 4InI2> Current Set0.01s0s - 100sI2> Time Delay–1°–95°- +95°I2> Char Angle
I2> StatusNon-Directional, Forward, ReverseI2> Directional
Step sizeSetting rangeSettingEnabled/Disabled
0.1s0s - 100sI2/I1 Time Delay0.010.2 - 1I2/I1
Broken Conductor
Step sizeSetting rangeDT or IDMT (see Figure 8)
SettingIN>1 Function
Non-Directional, Forward, ReverseIN>1 DirectionBlock or Non directionalIN>1 VTS Block
0.01 x In0.08 x In - 4.0 x InIN>1 Current Set0.01s0 - 200sIN>1 Time Delay0.01s0 - 200sIN>1 Time VTS0.0250.025 - 1.2IN>1 TMS0.10.5 - 15IN>1 Time Dial
0.01s0 - 100sIN>1 tRESET
0.01 x In0.08 x In - 32 x InIN>2 Current Set0.01s0 - 200sIN>2 Time Delay0.01s0 - 200sIN>2 Time VTS
Disabled or EnabledIN>2 StatusNon-Directional, Forward, ReverseIN>2 Direction
Block or Non directionalIN>2 VTS Block
DT or InverseIN>1 Reset Char
0.01s0.1 - 5s1P Rcl - DT 10.01s0.1 - 60s3P Rcl - DT 11s1 - 3600sDead Time 21s1 - 3600sDead Time 31s1 - 3600sDead Time 41s1 - 600sReclaim Time0.01s0.1 - 10sClose Pulse1s1 - 3600s
Bit 0: At tZ2, Bit 1: At tZ3,Bit 2: At tZp, Bit 3: LoL Trip,Bit 4: I2> Trip, Bit 5: I>1 Trip,Bit 6: I>2 Trip, Bit 7: V<1 Trip, Bit 8: V<2 Trip, Bit 9: V>1 Trip, Bit 10: V>2 Trip, Bit 11: IN>1 Trip, Bit 12: IN>2 Trip, Bit 13: Aided DEF Trip.
A/R Inhibit Wind
Block A/R
Autoreclose Lockout
TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION Protection & Control, HQ, 60 Route de Sartrouville, BP58, 78230 Le Pecq Cedex, FranceTel: +33 (0) 134 80 79 00 Fax: +33 (0) 134 80 79 13 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.alstom.com
©2000 ALSTOM. ALSTOM, the ALSTOM logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of ALSTOM.Other names mentioned, registered or not, are the property of their respective companies.
Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly the design of our products may change at any time. Whilst every effort is made to produce up to date literature, this brochure shouldonly be regarded as a guide and is intended for information purposes only. Its contents do not constitute an offer for sale or advice on the application of any product referred to in it.
We cannot be held responsible for any reliance on any decisions taken on its contents without specific advice.
Publication N1 1671C 110020 CPS Printed in England
