Layer Stratigraphy

7/24/2019 Layer Stratigraphy

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GEOPET

BI GING CH DNH CHO SINH VIN THEO HC LPA CHT KIN TRC & O V BN A CHT

TS. Nguyn Hunh Thng

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NI DUNG

1. Tnh phnlp& Lp?

2. Ccyu t ca lp?

3. Phnloicclp?

4. Miquanh giacctngphnlp?

5. Sthnhtocctngphnlp?

6. iu kinthnhto bdytrmtch?

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TNH PHN LP

trmtchhin dintrnmt a cu gnn75%Ccvt liuthnngkhngvn chuyn ixacnnlng ng gn bcn ccvt liu mn,ccchtkeo ckh nng vn chuyn i xa nn lng ng xa b vchm hnDovy cc cthnhtotheoiu kin lngng nh trm tch v phun tro di bins tothnhtnh phnlp.

TNH PHNLP(cngilth lp) lcu to gmcclp nm chng chtln nhauthng th hin cclpcthnhphnkhc nhau,lp digihn lptrn.

I. TNH PHN LP V LP

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Nghincutnh phnlp,ta cthv c mt ct acht, gip ta i chiu, so snhcc mt ct a tng,nghin cu cc bin dng kin to v xc lplch sphttrinccchuyn ng kin to, tinhnhtmkimccvakhongsn, du m, nc ngm...


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LpLplth a chtdng tmhaygn nh thbaogm

mt loi gn nh ng nhtc ctnhthch hc,hohc, cl, musc, kintrc, v ho chatrong.Lp cgii hn bihaimtsong songphnbitvicclp lin k (mtphnlp).

Lpmi thnh to th nm ngang, l dng nm inhnhca trmtch,c bitl trmtch bin.i vitrmtch lc a, doa phn b khng ch bi mt ahnh li lm nn dng nm thng l dng thu knhhaynmnging.

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Phn bit lp vi

Th lp l tnh cht phnlpca cc ch yu lca trmtch. Chng cthnh phn cu trc ngnhtv clp linhiulntrongmt lp.

Va l mt n v cu tonn cc thnh to trm

tch. Mi va gmmt haynhiu lptonn.

Tmdokhentsinh ra1,2,3: th lp; I, II, III,: lp;A, B, C: va


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II/ CC YU T CA LP

Mt lpgm haimt,trngilnc (mi),di gily (tr, tng).

Hailpphnbit bimtphnlp.

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Bdy

1. Bdytht(true thickness)l khong cch ngn nhtgia yv nc.

2. Bdybiu kin(apparentthickness) l khong ccht mt im ca nc nmt im ca y.

3. Bdythiulkhongcct mt imtronglp nmt lp


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Mi tngquan

Tbdybiu kinngitac th tnh cb dy thtda theo mi tng quanhnh hc ca lp vi ahnh.

Nu gi:: gcdc ca lp .: gcdc ahnh.

h:bdythtl:bdybiu kin.

Tnh b dy tht da vobdybiu kin

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Tnh b dy tht da vo b dy biu kin

1. Lp nm nghing, a hnh nm ngang


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2. Theo ti liu l khoan thng ng

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3. a hnh v mt lp nghing v 2 pha


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4. a hnh dc hn nghing cng 1 pha vi lp

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4. a hnh c gc dc nh hn gc dc ca lp v

nghing cng 1 pha (>)


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III/PHN LOI CC LP

1/ Phnloitheobdy:bdylp phn nh thigiantcht, tc trmtch vhot ng kin to cavng.1cm 3cm : vi phnlp3cm 1dmrt mng0.1 0.3 m:mng0.3 1m : trung bnh1-3 m :dy>3m :dng khi

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2/ Phnloitheo hnhdngV hnh dng c th chia ra

lm bn kiu phn lp chnh:

a. Phn lp song song(ngang)

b. Phn lp ln sngc. Phn lp xin chod. Phn lp thu knh

Ngoi ra, gia chng c

nhng kiu phn lp trunggianchuyn tip


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Hnhdng

iu kin thnhto trongmi trng trmtch yntnh:h, m ly, vng vnh, binsu Vd: y bin di mctcng casng

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2. Phn lp hnh sng (sinuous bedding):

Hnh dng: b mt v y ca lp c dng sngnhngkhng song song nhau

iu kin thnh to trong mi trng trm tchchuyn ngsng, haychuyn nghnh sng,ni

mi trng c chuyn ng theo hai hng khcnhau, hay trong iu kin chuyn ng thayi cchuk

V d: Ni trm tch y bin trong phm vi tcng casng, vnghot ng thy triu


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3. Phn lp xin(cross bedding)

Hnh dng: Trong phm vi 1 lp cn c nhng thlp nhnmxin sovinc vy ca lp iu kinthnhtotrong mitrng trmtch do tc

ng cadngnc chycasng,h, bin Phn lp xin c hai dng : phn lp xin n v

phnlpxin cho


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Phnlpxinnccthlp thng song song vnghing v mt pha theohng dng chy, thngpht trin trong trm tchsi, ct, bt kt lngsng.

Hnh: Phn lp xin sng

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Phnlpdng thuknh(phnlpsng xin):

Mt lprtcong,bdygim inhanh chng haiulm cho cclpcdng thuknh. Thnhtotrong mitrng thayihng nc hay gi mtcch nhanhchng. Lin quann nhng nimtrmtchc bximn hoc nhng vng y lng ng khng bngphng.


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IV/ MI QUAN H GIA CC TNG PHN LP

1. Dng nm bin tinthnhtotrong vngsplnttlu di vtrmtch lintc, sauvngcnngln nhanh chng. Dosplnt t bin tinvolc a(ng bthay

i)dovycclpthnhto sauphtrndintchrng ln hnvphnraph trc tipln mngc.Lpthnhlpsau(lp nmbn trn) cngtr.

Tingaytrung tmvngbin tinbdyln vycclp trmtch.

Tng chuyn t htth(bndi) n htmn(bn trn). Cclp ucphln mngc.

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2. Dng nm bin thoi (regressive)

Thnhlptrong vngspln saunng lnt tvtrmtch lintc.

Banudosp ln nntrmtch trndintchrngln,saudosnng ln lmdintchtrmtchbthuhp,cclpnmtrn thtrv phnra cclptrkhngph trc tipln mngc,chclp dicngphln mngc

Bdytrung tm dy vy lp. Tng i tmnht(bndi) nth ht (bntrn)


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Bin tin, bin thoi?

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3. Dng nm chuyn dch (dng nm hn hp)

Hnh thnh trongmt minspkhngu,mtcnh

th nng ln,mtcnh thsp xung. Phanng lnthnhtotheoth nm binthoi, cn phasp toth nm bin tin.

Trmtch mt lpvng mt mtbn,nhng linm kpha bn kia.

Sphnbkhngu v chiudy,thnhphncatrmtch vbiu hinnghingv mtpha

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V/ S THNH TO CC TNG PHN LP

Sthnhtocctngphnlpl do ccchuyn ngkin toch yulchuyn ngnng ln vh xung

TNG A TNG:gm mtnhm cclpcthnhphnkhc nhauchuyn tip dn dntheochiungangchacc nhm ha c cng tui nhng khc nhau vgingv loi


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TNG THCH HC:gm mtnhm cclpgingnhauvthnhphn thch hcnhngkhc nhauv tui.

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VI/ IU KIN THNH TO B DY TRM TCH

Shnh thnhbdytrmtchlin quann:- Chuyn ng thng ng ca vTrit- Vt liu trmtch- Thigian- iu kin al- iu kinha l- Khhu- ahnhlc a- y b

Vt = vn tc ca nng lnVs = vn tc ca sp ln

Vt = Vs thun li tch t trm tch Vt > Vs khng thun li Vt < Vs khng thun li


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THANK YOU !

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CHUN B: CHNG 4: KHNG CHNH HP

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Layer Stratigraphy