LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA 1 Delivering polymer properties using speciality additives based on smectite minerals Cinzia Della Porta - Laviosa Chimica

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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA

Delivering polymer properties using speciality additives based on smectite minerals

Cinzia Della Porta - Laviosa Chimica Mineraria SpALivorno Italy

Nanocomposites 2002 Amsterdam 28-29 January

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From mine to plastic

Natural montmorillonite nanoclay

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Origin

variability of the mineralogical and chemical composition

• alteration of volcanic ash

• hydrothermal alteration of volcanic rocks

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structure

The crystallographic basis of montmorillonite is 2:1 layered structurea single layer of aluminium octahedron between two sheets of SiO4 tetrahedrons

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The elementary particleis a platelet:every single platelet is about 1 nm thin

• the various platelets are held together in packets by electrostatic and Van der Waals forces• they can be exfoliated and dispersed in submicronic particles

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From mine to nanoclay

• selection of montmorillonite

• purification • reaction of modification

• drying process

• production of powder

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Selection of montmorillonite

sample A B C D E F G HCEC (meq/100g) 68 120 100 113 115 65,5 70 122

Al2O3 (%) 17,1 19,2 16,7 17,7 22,5 17,2 16,9 18,0SiO2 (%) 58,9 59,0 54,8 60,5 62,1 59,8 65,1 60,0

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

samples

%A

l 2O

3

48

50

52

54

56

58

60

62

64

66

%S

iO 2

%Al2O3

%SiO2

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Selection of montmorillonite

sample A B C D E F G HSSA (m2/g) 28 37 49 64 80 89 91 111

PSV (cm3/g) 0,074 0,091 0,068 0,102 0,102 0,134 0,093 0,210

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Selection of clay

sample A B C D E F G HCEC (meq/100g) 91 73 91 78 128 112 81 107

Na2O (%) 0,21 3,59 1,47 2,58 3,40 3,15 2,01 1,50

CaO (%) 4,16 1,52 2,99 1,51 1,10 3,81 2,17 2,86

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Variables in the Process

• selection of material for different viscosity

• level of purification

• reaction

• modifier

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LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA20


Dellite HPS: High Purified Sodic Montmorillonite

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Dellite HPS: an example in a starch based nanocomposite

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Different montmorillonite

EVA + 10% sample1

XRD 4,13 nm

intercalated nanoclay

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EVA + sample2 XRD 3,97 nm

some intercalated material

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EVA + Dellite 72T

XRD no ads

exfoliated nanocomposite

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Mechanism of activation

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Not only the modifier...

• For a successful nanocomposite synthesis you have to choose the right modifier but also the right raw material

• The right raw material is dependent on the kind of polymer you are processing

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Products:

• Dellite HPS and Dellite GSA for high polar polymer

• Dellite 72T and Dellite 67G for polyolefin

• Dellite 43B for aromatic polymers

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Documents

LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA SpA 1 Delivering polymer properties using speciality additives based on smectite minerals Cinzia Della Porta - Laviosa Chimica