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http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/

Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool(2013) 37: 376-379© TÜBİTAKdoi:10.3906/zoo-1205-26

Two new records for the Polychaeta fauna of the Sea of Marmara: Laubieriellus salzi and Spiophanes afer (Polychaeta: Spionidae)

Ertan DAĞLI*Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey

* Correspondence: ertan.dagli@ege.edu.tr

Spionidae are represented by almost 470 species worldwide, including 74 species in the Mediterranean and 32 species in the Black Sea (Dağlı et al., 2011; Kurt-Şahin and Çınar, 2012; author’s data base). Prior to this study, a total of 14 genera and 30 spionid species were reported from the Sea of Marmara and the Turkish straits (the Bosphorus and Dardanelles Straits). The first spionid record in the region was given by Ostroumoff (1896), who found Scolelepis fuliginosa in the Sea of Marmara. In this paper, Laubieriellus salzi and Spiophanes afer are newly reported from the Sea of Marmara, thus extending their distributional range to the Sea of Marmara.

Benthic sampling was carried out in November 2010 at 15 stations at depths between 0.2 and 5 m (Figure 1). Samples were collected by using a quadrate of 20 × 20 cm (400 cm–2) with snorkeling. All materials collected were washed through a 0.5 mm mesh sieve and fixed with a 4% formaldehyde solution. Coordinates, depth, and biotope structure of the stations are given in Table 1.

Fifteen benthic samples collected from different depths and biotopes in the Sea of Marmara revealed a total of 50 individuals belonging to 9 genera and 11 spionid species. The distribution of species at the stations and their maximum abundances are shown in Table 2. Among the 11 species determined from this study, 2 spionid species (Laubieriellus salzi and Spiophanes afer) are new to the fauna of the Sea of Marmara. Before the present paper, 398 polychaete species (Spionidae: 30 species) were reported from the Sea of Marmara (Çınar et al., 2011). This paper increases the number of Polychaeta species known from the region from 398 to 400, and the number of spionid

species known from the region from 30 to 32. The distributional features and descriptions of Laubieriellus salzi and Spiohanes afer are as follows: Laubieriellus salzi (Laubier, 1970) (Figures 2A and 2B, 3A-3E)Prionospio salzi Laubier 1970: 183–189, Figs. 1–3. Material examined: ESFM–POL/2010–99, 1 specimen, 14 September 2010, Sta. 6; ESFM–POL/2010–100, 2 specimens, 14 September 2010, Sta. 8; ESFM–POL/2010–101, 1 specimen, 14 September 2010, Sta 10.

Description of specimens from the Sea of Marmara: Small specimen complete, 0.22 mm wide, 3.85 mm long, with 42 chaetigers. Prostomium incised on anterior margin, posterior part forming long narrow caruncle, extending to beginning of chaetiger 4 (Figure 2B). Eyes absent (Figures 2A, 2B). Peristomium fused to chaetiger 1. Four pairs of apinnate branchiae on chaetigers 2–5; all pairs same length, flattened, triangular, heavily ciliated, and narrowing abruptly at tip, extending slightly beyond tip of dorsal lamellae (Figures 2A and 2B). Notopodial lamellae lacking on chaetiger 1, neuropodial postchaetal lamellae small, rounded, with noto- and neuropodial capillaries (Figures 2A and 2B). Dorsal crests initially conspicuous, slightly higher on chaetigers 7–8, gradually decreasing thereafter (Figure 2B). Ventral crests first present on chaetiger 2, continuing through chaetiger 9 (Figure 3A). Interparapodial pouches absent. Anterior noto- and neuropodial lobes with only capillary chaetae, with thin sheath (Figure 3D). Ventral sabre chaeta from chaetiger 10, numbering 1 per fascicle; short, stout, lightly granulated (Figure 3E). Neuropodial hooded hooks present from chaetigers 10–11, numbering up to 5–6 per fascicle, accompanied by capillary chaetae throughout.

Abstract: The present study deals with the first records of Laubieriellus salzi and Spiophanes afer in the Sea of Marmara. They were collected from Mytilus galloprovincialis, Zostera marina, sand, and shell fragments substrate at depths ranging from 0.2 to 5 m in November 2010. This study gives more information regarding the morphological and distributional features of these species.

Key words: Laubieriellus salzi, Spiophanes afer, Spionidae, Sea of Marmara, Turkey, new record, taxonomy

Received: 28.05.2012 Accepted: 23.12.2012 Published Online: 29.04.2013 Printed: 29.05.2013

Short Communication

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Notopodial hooded hooks absent. Hooks with 4 pairs of small teeth above main fang (Figure 3C). Pygidium with 1 long medial and 2 short dorsolateral lobes (Figure 3B).

Remarks: Main morphological features of our specimens of Laubieriellus salzi were similar to those of the original description.

Geographic distribution: Laubieriellus salzi, which is an endemic species for the Mediterranean Sea, was first described by Laubier (1970) from the coast of Israel as Prionospio salzi, then reported from Lebanon (Ben-Eliahu and Fiege, 1995), North Cyprus (Çınar, 2005), the Greek coast of the Aegean Sea (Simboura and Zenetos, 2005),

Figure 1. Map of the investigated area, with the location of sampling stations.

Table 1. Coordinates, depths (m), and biotope structures of the stations in November 2010.

StationsCoordinates

Depth (m) BiotopesLatitude Longitude

1 40°24′48″N 27°03′43″E 0.2 Mytilus galloprovincialis2 40°24′48″N 27°03′43″E 1 Zostera marina and sand3 40°24′49″N 27°03′43″E 5 Z. marina and sand4 40°25′04″N 27°03′56″E 0.2 M. galloprovincialis5 40°25′04″N 27°03′55″E 1 Z. marina and sand6 40°25′06″N 27°03′53″E 5 Z. marina and gravel7 40°25′17″N 27°03′59″E 0.2 Muddy sand8 40°25′18″N 27°03′59″E 1 Z. marina and sand9 40°25′17″N 27°03′58″E 5 Z. marina and sand

10 40°25′29″N 27°03′54″E 0.2 M. galloprovincialis11 40°25′29″N 27°03′54″E 1 Z. marina and shell fragments 12 40°25′29″N 27°03′54″E 5 Z. marina and sand13 40°25′39′N 27°03′37″E 0.2 M. galloprovincialis14 40°25′39″N 27°03′36″E 1 M. galloprovincialis15 40°25′39″N 27°03′36″E 5 Z. marina and sand

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and the Turkish coast of the Aegean Sea (Dağlı, 2008). New record for the Sea of Marmara.Spiophanes afer Meißner, 2005 (Figures 4A-4F)Spiophanes afer Meißner, 2005: 37, fig. 20.Material examined: ESFM–POL/2010–102, 1 specimen, 14 September 2010, Sta. 3; ESFM–POL/2010–103, 2 specimens, 14 September 2010, Sta. 9; ESFM–POL/2010–104, 3 specimens, 14 September 2010, Sta. 12.

Description of specimens from the Sea of Marmara: Specimen incomplete, 9.2 mm long, 0.7 mm wide, with 27 chaetigers. Prostomium broad anteriorly, bell-shaped, tapering posteriorly (Figure 4A). Occipital antenna present. Eyes absent. Nuchal organs, as 2 mediolateral broad lines, extending to chaetiger 14. Peristomium

moderately developed (Figures 4A and 4B). Notopodial postchaetal lamellae on chaetigers 1–2 long, cirriform, on chaetigers 3–4 subulate, slightly inflated, with slender tip (Figure 4A). Neuropodial postchaetal lamellae of chaetigers 1–2 subulate with slender tip, subtriangular on chaetigers 3–4, with rounded tip (Figure 4B). Chaetigers 5–8 each with rounded notopodial and reduced

Table 2. Spionid species found at stations in the Sea of Marmara and their total abundance (*new record for Sea of Marmara).

Stations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Aonides oxycephala (Sars, 1862) - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - -Laonice cirrata (M. Sars, 1851) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1*Laubieriellus salzi (Laubier, 1970) - - - - - 1 - 2 - 1 - - - - -Polydora cornuta Bosc, 1802 1 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - 1 -Prionospio (Minuspio) pulchra Imajima 1990 - - 10 - - 6 - 1 - - - 1 - - -Prionospio (Minuspio) cirrifera Wirén, 1883 - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - -Prionospio (Prionospio) steenstrupi Malmgren, 1867 - 2 - - - - - - - - 3 - - - 1Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata (Okuda, 1937) - - - - 1 - 4 - - - 1 - - - -Scolelepis tridentata (Southern, 1914) - - 2 - - - - - - - - - 1 - -Spio decoratus Bobretzky, 1870 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - -*Spiophanes afer Meißner, 2005 - - 1 - - - - - 2 - - 3 - - -

Figure 2. Laubieriellus salzi. A, anterior end, lateral view; B, anterior end, dorsal view. Scale: A = 0.1 mm; B = 0.13 mm (ESFM–POL/2010–100).

Figure 3. Laubieriellus salzi. A, anterior end, ventral view; B, posterior end, pygidium, dorsal view; C, neuropodial hooded hook on chaetiger 15; D, notopodial capillary chaeta on chaetiger 12; E, ventral sabre chaeta on chaetiger 15. Scale: A = 0.25 mm; B = 100 µm; C = 50 µm; D and E = 100 µm.

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neuropodial postchaetal lamellae (Figure 4B). Glandular opening well developed on chaetigers 5–7 with chaetal spreader of the 2+3 type [typology according to Meißner (2005)] (Figure 4B); absent in chaetiger 8; glandular organ of chaetigers 9–14 opening as lateral vertical slit (Figure 4B). Ventrolateral intersegmental genital pouches first present between chaetigers 15 and 16 (Figure 4B). Dorsal ciliated crests apparent from chaetigers 17–18, moderately developed. Chaetiger 1 with 1 stout, crook-like chaeta in neuropodium (Figure 4C). Neurochaeta in 2 rows, anterior row with unilimbate capillaries (Figure 4F), posterior row with bilimbate capillaries (Figure 4E). Neuropodial hooks first present from chaetiger 15 (Figure 4D), up to 5 per fascicle; hooks tridentate in lateral view without hoods (Figure 4D). Bacillary chaetae missing on specimens examined. Pygidium missing.

Remarks: The Sea of Marmara’s specimens correspond well with the original description of the species from the coast of Spain.

Geographic distribution: This species was originally described from the western Mediterranean Sea (between Cape San Antonio and Valencia Harbor, Spain), subsequently from the coast of Israel by Meißner (2005), and then reported from the Aegean Sea by Dağlı (2008) and Dağlı et al. (2011). This species was also reported in the South Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean (Meißner, 2005). Spiophanes afer is being newly reported from the Sea of Marmara.

AcknowledgmentsI am much indebted to colleagues at the Department of Hydrobiology, Ege University, for their help in collecting and sorting the benthic material.

Figure 4. Spiophanes afer. A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, anterior end, lateral view; C, crook-like chaeta from chaetiger 1; D, hook from chaetiger 16; E, bilimbate neurochaeta from chaetiger 4; F, unilimbate neurochaeta from chaetiger 3. Scale: A and B = 0.5 mm; C, E, F = 100 µm; D = 50 µm.

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