Large Hadron Collider.docx

8/11/2019 Large Hadron Collider.docx

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Large Hadron Collider

Is the world's largest and highest-energy particle accelerator. Its located in

the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) near to Ginebra,

Switzerland; in the Franco-Swiss frontier. And it was created by, at least,10,000 scientists and engineers from over 100 countries, as well as hundreds

of universities and laboratories, from 1998 to 2008. It synchrotron is initially

designed to collide two opposite particles beams, of either protons up to 7

TeV (teraelectronvolts) per nucleon, reaching the 99% of the speed of light.

The Large Hadron Collider was created with the intention of allowing

physicists prove different theories about particle physics and high-energy

physics, and mainly prove the existence of the Higgs boson. His purposes

are:

Find out the meaning of mass, because is known how to measure it,

but not what it is.

The origin and mass of the particles.

The total number of particles in the atom. Find out what is the dark

matter.

Validate different theories.

Recreate the Bing-Bang conditions.

Etc.


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Structure

Experiments:

ATLAS: A Toroidal LHC Apparatus (particle physics detectors). His

purpose is take advantage of the unprecedented energy available

at the LHC and observes phenomena that involve highly massive

particles. Is 45 meters long, 25 meters in diameter, and weighs about

7,000 tons.

CMS: Compact Muon Solenoid (particle physics detectors). His

function is investigate a wide range of physics, including the search

for the Higgs boson, extra dimensions, and particles that could make

up dark matter. Is 25 meters long, 15 meters in diameter, and weighs

about 12,500 tons.

LHCb: LHC-beauty (particle physics detectors). Is a specialized b-

physics experiment that is measuring the parameters of CP violation in

the interactions of b-hadrons.

ALICE: A Large Ion Collider Experiment (particle physics detectors). Is

optimized to study heavy ion collisions.


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Preaccelerators:

Proton Synchrotron:It takes the protons from theProton SynchrotronBooster at a kinetic energy of 1.4 GeV and lead ions from theLow

Energy Ion Ring(LEIR) at 72 MeV per nucleon.

Super Proton Synchrotron: Is used as the final injector for high-intensity

proton beams.

ATLAS ALICE CMS LHC-b

Proton Synchrotron

Super Proton Synchrotron
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_Synchrotron_Boosterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_Synchrotron_Boosterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Energy_Ion_Ringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Energy_Ion_Ringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Energy_Ion_Ringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Energy_Ion_Ringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_Synchrotron_Boosterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_Synchrotron_Booster


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Images

Location of the LHC LHC tunnel

LHC Solenoid Collision of Proton beams


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Conclusions

The LHC will help us understand how the universe works.

Makes it possible to check physics theories.

It provides a more real way to study particles and their behavior.

It is a way to make great advances in physics.

Over time, it can explain us the origin and the process of creation of

the universe.


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Bibliography

Anonimus. (2012, March). Wikipedia. Retrieved April 2013, from

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_Hadron_Collider

Discovery. (2011). Curiosity.com. Retrieved April 2013, from

http://curiosity.discovery.com/question/how-large-hadron-collider-

work

Dyck, T. (2012, December). National Post. Retrieved April 2013, from

http://news.nationalpost.com/2011/12/12/large-hadron-collider/

godbegone. (2008, September). Youtube, Video. Retrieved April

2013, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TIeY7Zj27IM

Raval, A. (2011, October). NewScientist. Retrieved April 2013, from

http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/bigwideworld/2011/10/what-is-it-

like-to-work-at-the-large-hadron-collider.html

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Large Hadron Collider.docx