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Language Rights and Heritage Language Tutoring. Kate O’Donnell CAPS Fall, 2011. A Context . What is today The United States 350 or more indigenous languages, originally ~ 175 indigenous languages spoken today ~20 are still being learned by children - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Kate O’DonnellCAPS
Fall, 2011
LANGUAGE RIGHTS AND HERITAGE
LANGUAGE TUTORING
A Context What is today The United States 350 or more indigenous languages, originally ~175 indigenous languages spoken today ~20 are still being learned by children
Increase of languages brought by immigrants Nearly complete language shift by the 3rd
generation
So What is Happening? “We have room for but one language
in this country, and that is the English language, for we intend to
see that the crucible turns our people out as Americans, of an
American nationality, and not as dwellers in a polyglot boarding-
house”
“Those who come hither are generally of the most ignorant Stupid
Sort of their own Nation…”
“Why should [they] be suffered to swarm into our Settlements, and by
herding together, establish their Language and Manners, to the Exclusion of ours? Why should
Pennsylvania, founded by the English, become a Colony of Aliens…”
“Through sameness of language is produced sameness of sentiment, and
thought…”
“Teaching an Indian youth in his own barbarous dialect is a positive
detriment to him. The first step to be taken toward civilization, toward
teaching the Indians the mischief and folly of continuing in their barbarous
practices, is to teach them the English language…”
“God has not been preparing the English-speaking…peoples for a
thousand years for nothing but vain and idle self-contemplation. No! He has
made us the master organizers of the world to establish system where chaos
reigns…that we may administer government among savages and senile
peoples”
“I want America to stand strong and not cave in to the Hispanics who shouldn’t
be here”
“Everyone should speak a ‘foreign language’”
Everyone Should Speak a ‘Foreign Language’ • Individual Bilingualism vs. Societal Bilingualism•Numerous studies from around the world•Continuum of research – Linguistic, Sociolinguistic, Anthropologic, Medical
• Language and IdentityWhat is “Being American”?
Everyone Should Speak a ‘Foreign Language’ • Identity = “Different” • “Different” questions
Established Social OrderUpheaval in Established Social
Order =
Power is Threatened
Why should I Care? • Violence in Southwest Public Schools• Lack of Linguistic Access in Medicine = Misdiagnosis, Wrong Procedures, Increased Emotional Stress • Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1966• Executive Order 13166 • Guidance to Federal Financial Assistance Recipients Regarding TitleVI, Prohibition Against National Origin Discrimination Affecting Limited English Proficient Persons
Linguistic Human Rights
“Linguistic rights are one type of human rights, part of a set of inalienable, universal norms for
just one enjoyment of one’s civil, political, economic, social,
and cultural rights” ~ Christina Bratt
Paulson
Why Should I Care as a CAPS Employee? • We serve second language learners on a
daily basis• Speakers of different languages have
different ways of communicating in speech and writing
• These differences must be respected, appreciated, and validated
• As CAPS employees, we are part of an organization that not only recognizes but focuses on language rights
The CAPS Writing and Language Center
Writing IS LANGUAGE!• CAPS Heritage Language Learning:
• Navajo Drop-in Lab and Conversation Group (AISS)
• Spanish and English Bilingual Writing Drop-in Lab (El Centro de la Raza)
• Spanish as a Heritage Language Conversation Group for students of The Sabine Ulibarrí Spanish as a Heritage Language Program at UNM
The CAPS Writing and Language Center • What is different about our Heritage
Language Tutoring The Atmosphere The Students The Tutors The reasons students come are more
diverse than at the main location Solidarity
The CAPS Writing and Language Center We are recognizing and validating
our linguistic history
We are empowering our students by encouraging them in their
journey to Biliteracy
This isn't something that Writing Centers do anywhere else
References Clinton, William J. 2000. Executive Order 13166: Improving Access to Services for Persons with Limited English Proficiency. Office of the Press Secretary, United States Department of Justice. Crawford, James. 2000. Anatomy of the English-Only Movement. In At War with Diversity: U.S. language policy in an age of anxiety, ed J Crawford,
4-40. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters. Citrin, Jack. 1990. Language Politics and American Identity. Public Interest. http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ40977 6. Federal Register. 2004. Guidance to Federal Financial Assistance Recipients Regarding Title VI, Prohibition Against National Origin Discrimination Affecting Limited English Proficient Persons. National Archives and Records Administration 69. 1763-1768.Flores, Glenn. 2006. Language barriers to health care in the United States. The New England Journal of Medicine 355.229-231. Martínez, Glenn. 2006. Language Maintenance and Shift. Mexican Americans and Language: ¡Del dicho al hecho! 41-60. Mcgregor-Mendoza, Patricia. 2000. Aquí no se habla español: stories of Linguistic Repression in Southwest Schools. Bilingual Research Journal. 24. 355-67. Paulston, Christina Bratt. 1997. Language Policies and Language Rights. Annual Review of Anthropology 26.73-85.