Language Department, Office of General Education, Faculty of Hospitality Industry For Excellence in Hospitality Education Arj. Zeph Norrish Principles

Language Department, Office of General Education, Faculty of Hospitality Industry

For Excellence in Hospitality Education

Arj. Zeph Norrish

Principles of Communication

Chapter 4: Perception and Self

Principles of Communication Second Semester 2013 Slide No. 2

SCOPE

Chapter 4 Lecture and Discussion:

• Describe Self-identity and Motivation

• Importance of Knowing Oneself

• Impact of Perception on Professional and Personal Lives

Chapter 4 Case Study• Instructor Review• Student Q&A


“We see the world, not as it is, but as we are” – Talmud (or Anais Nin)


Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Abraham Maslow "A Theory of Human Motivation"

In 1943

"What a man can be, he must be.“,Maslow, 1954





Noisy?


4.3 Concepts of Self, Perception, and Communication“Who am I?” “Am I what other people say I am, or am I who I say I am?”

These are some of the most difficult and profound questions we can ask ourselves. How we answer them depends both on how we see ourselves and on how others see us.


4.4 Self-Concept

Your self-concept is how you think and feel about yourself.

Our sense of self comes from our communication with others.

Your culture tells you what is right or wrong, and what is beautiful or ugly…


4.4 Self-Concept

Tarzan is a story about a man who thinks he is an ape because he was raised by apes.

We are products of our environments. Our parents, our friends, and our teachers all tell us who we are through reflected appraisals – messages we get about ourselves from others – as well as what to say… scripts.

“Say thank you to the nice lady”


4.4 Self-Concept

Most reflected appraisals come from things people say.

Your college speech instructor may say you are a good speaker…

…your peers may say you are a good friend…

…and your coach may tell you that you must work harder. These create your self-concept.


4.4 Self-Concept

Positive messages = Positive self-conceptPositive self-concept = good decisions

Negative messages = Negative self-concept Negative self-concept = bad decisions

Good or bad decisions become self-fulfilling prophecies – events or actions that occur because we expect them.


4.4 Self-Concept

When we compare ourselves with others to see how we measure up, we are making social comparisons.

“Do I look as good as she does?”

“What grade did you get on your midterm?”

At some point in your life, you begin to see yourself in your own way… self-perception.


4.4 Self-Concept

For most of us, psychological safety – the approval and support that we get from familiar people, ideas, and situations – is important.

A psychological risk involves taking a chance on something new. Taking a psychological risk helps improve one’s self-concept… hopefully.


4.5 Improving Self-Concept

Look in the self-improvement section of any bookstore or library….

Books will not improve your self-concept… only you can do that.

Internet chat and social networking are not the answer.

http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0785289089?ie=UTF8&tag=tntbefree-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0785289089

http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0684802031?ie=UTF8&tag=tntbefree-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0684802031


The ICEBERG Model


The JOHARI Window

Luft, J. and Ingham, H. (1955) “The Johari window, a graphic model of interpersonal awareness”,

open arena

hidden - facade

blind spot

(POTENTIAL)


4.6 Perception

While your self-concept is how you see yourself, perception is how you look at others and the world around you.

How you look at the world depends on what you think of yourself, and what you think of yourself will influence how you look at the world.


4.6 Perception Process

select the information

organize it

interpret it

Perception is a THREE STEP PROCESS


4.6 Perception

Look at these three triangles…

These expectations or predispositions to respond are a type of perceptual filter called psychological sets.

What you see is what you expect to see.


4.6 PerceptionDeletions - blotting out, erasing, or canceling information—must occur, first, because your physical senses are limited, or because of your beliefs.Similarly – Additions are added to meet expectations.Combined these for Distortions

Consider GESTALT“the whole is greater than theSUM of the PARTS”


4.6b Visual Perception - Gestalt

Figure / Ground


4.6b Visual Perception - Gestalt

Closure


4.6 b Visual Perception - Gestalt

Proximity

Continuity


Similarity

rows or columns?





4.6 Perception

Generalizations involve drawing principles or conclusions from particular evidence or facts.

All future experiences are filtered through that belief, information that contradicts the belief is deleted, and you distort other information so it will support the belief… what we call perceptual filters.


Case Study Review

Take 15-minutes to compare your case study summaries with a partner and create a revised idea to present.


BREAK!

Now, take a 30-minute break and then return to the class to work on your term paper focus.

Enjoy!

Take a break!


Handout Review

You will now be given a handout with comprehension questions.

Use the book and the notes you’ve taken to answer the questions as best as possible.

You have 45-minutes to complete the handouts and return them to the instructor at the end of class.


HOMEWORK!

Go to the copy shop next to the canteen and get a copy of Unit 5: Listening.

Read Unit 5 and complete sections 5.1 Key Vocabulary and Chapter 5 Review: Case Study.

Documents

Language Department, Office of General Education, Faculty of Hospitality Industry For Excellence in Hospitality Education Arj. Zeph Norrish Principles