Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

(1) Writing in your subject: Students learn to write by writing. Research indicates that students write more when using a computer than when writing by hand.

Develop a computer-based writing assignment relevant to the theme of your portfolio.

Explain how this assignment will promote writing skills through the use of computer based resources.

Students will do some web search on the themes of racism, and the civil and legal rights of Japanese-Americans during World War II. They will specifically compare the account of life at the Manzanar internment camp in the text with accounts on the web and then write a five-paragraph essay demonstrating their understanding of the issues of racism, civil rights and legal rights. The essay should be typed and should be free of grammatical and spelling errors.

Students will focus on the following questions while writing their essays:

Who made the decisions about the Japanese-Americans? Where were the relocation camps located and what were the conditions? Is there significance to the geographical location of these camps? How were the families selected to go to the location camps and what happened to their

property? How were these people treated in the relocation camps and who was responsible for their

welfare? What can citizens do to right the wrongs committed by the U.S. government?

Students will do web search about the Japanese-Americans during World War II to compare the information in the novel with the account on the web and then they will compose an essay. They should type their essay and do grammar and spell check before they turn it in.

(2) Editing: Research indicates that students edit and revise more when writing on a computer than when writing by hand.

Use the footnote feature to identify all of the mistakes you can find in this document without the aid of a grammar checker, and repeat with the aid of a grammar checker.

Errors I found without the use of a grammar checker.

The causes of the Revolutionary Warr1 was that the the English put tacks in their tea. Also, the colonists would send their parcels through the post without stamps. During the

1War (mis-spelling)

1

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

War. the Red Coats and Paul Revere was throwing balls over stone walls. The dogs were barking and peacocks crowing. Finally the colonists won and no longer had too pay for taxis . delgats from the original 13 states formed an Contented Congress. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin were towo singers of the Declaration of Independence. Frankin declared "A horse divided against itself cannot stand." Franklin died in 1790 and is still dead. Soon the Constitiion of the united states was adopted to secure domestic hostility. Abraham Lincoln became America's greatest Precedent. Lincoln's mother died in infancy, and he was born in a log cabin which he built with his own hands. Lincoln said,: "in onion there is great strength."

Errors I found with the use of a grammar checker.

The causes of the Revolutionary Warr was that the the English put tacks in their tea. Also, the colonists would send their parcels through the post without stamps. During the War. the Red Coats and Paul Revere was throwing balls over stone walls. The dogs were barking and peacocks crowing. Finally the colonists won and no longer had too pay for taxis . delgats from the original 13 states formed an Contented Congress. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin were towo singers of the Declaration of Independence. Frankin declared "A horse divided against itself cannot stand." Franklin died in 1790 and is still dead. Soon the Constitiion of the united states was adopted to secure domestic hostility. Abraham Lincoln became America's greatest Precedent. Lincoln's mother died in infancy, and he was born in a log cabin which he built with his own hands. Lincoln said,: "in onion there is great strength."

Warr-WarThe the Was-wereDuring the War.Too-toTaxis (didn’t recognize the error)delgats – delegates+ capitalized an contended- a contendedtowo- twoFrankin-FranklinConstition- Constitutionunited states-United StatesPrecedent- PresidentLincoln said,:- either , or :

What kinds of errors are generally not detected by the software? Give examples. Would you encourage your students to use a grammar/style checker? If so, explain how it might be best employed. If not, explain why not.

2 too (double o)3 taxis (misspelled)4 delgats (lower case)5 towo (misspelled)

2

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

The grammar checker didn’t recognize the errors in meaning e.g. Precedent- President. If the spelling of the word is correct, the checker counted it as correct although it has a different meaning. It also missed logic errors e.g. ‘Franklin died and is still dead’. The software also couldn’t detect accuracy of information e.g. the name of the speech was ‘A house divided by itself cannot stand’ and it was given by Lincoln, not Franklin.I would definitely encourage my students to use speller checker but tell them about the areas that the speller cannot help them and remind them that they should be checking their text for being meaningful, logical and accurate.

(3) Analysis of your textbook: Readability is a measure of the comprehensibility or understandability of written text. There are many methods and formulas for determining readability and the related reading age. Teachers should be aware of the readability level of their text as well as the reading level of their students.

Scan three or more paragraphs from your textbook into a word processor file using OCR software. Perform a document check and readability estimate on the text and include the results in your portfolio.

3

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

4

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

According to the computer-generated readability estimates, does this text appear to be appropriate for your students? Explain. (Note: In some programs, document analysis appears at the end of a grammar check).

The text appears to be appropriate for the general population because it is taken from a social skills book for 4th grade students and the readability estimates show the grade level as 4.5. But it may be challenging for my resource students who read below grade level.

(4) Equations: Many teachers have the need to incorporate equations into handouts, tests and notes. Equation editors allow you to make equations and then export them as graphics to word processors.

Use an Equation Editor to create two or more complex equations from your discipline. If your discipline does not use many equations, you may select from the following list.

Quadratic equation: Slope of a Line:

(5) Word relationships: English dictionaries contain more than 250,000 words, while Spanish dictionaries contain approximately 100,000 words, and most other languages have far fewer. English has an extensive vocabulary and many synonyms. This can cause difficulties for English learners. An electronic thesaurus may be used to help students understand the complex relationship within the English lexicon.

5

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

Using a thesaurus, paraphrase the preamble of the Constitution. Include at least ten logical substitutions for the original words. You may use the built-in thesaurus (Tools/Language/Thesaurus) in Word or internet resources such as Merriam Webster's Dictionary & Thesaurus, or Roget's Thesaurus. Describe (with an example) how you can use a thesaurus when trying to explain the meanings of difficult words to your students.

Preamble: We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

Introduction: We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Blending, establish Fairness, guarantee domestic Serenity, provide for the common protection, promote the general Well-being, and secure the Blessings of Freedom to ourselves and our Future generations, do decree and institute this Constitution for the United States of America.

Describe (with an example) how you can use a thesaurus when trying to explain the meanings of difficult words to your students.

I can use a thesaurus while explaining the meaning of difficult words such as ‘memoir’. Thesaurus provides a list of similar words, synonyms and antonyms. Students usually benefit from hearing similar words and synonyms of the unknown words to understand the meaning of the word. It helps my students to learn the new vocabulary and remember it when I use the synonym of the word and tell them that ‘memoir’ is the same as memories and autobiography.

(6) Mastering Content Vocabulary: Although modern English has the largest and most complex lexicon of any language in history, the meanings of many words can be determined if one knows the common prefixes, suffixes and root words. Knowledge of such morphemes is particularly useful for English learners who face the formidable challenge of mastering English vocabulary, with all of its many nuances. According to Richard E. Hodges of the University of Puget Sound ("Improving Spelling and Vocabulary in the Secondary School; 1982, p 30), “If you were to examine the 20,000 most used English words, you would find that about 5,000 of them contain prefixes and that 82 percent (about 4,100) of those words use one of only fourteen different prefixes out of all the available prefixes in the language.” Thus, if students master these prefixes, they will know clues to the meanings of thousands of words." *TPE-tip. TPE 7 requires teachers to "implement an instructional program that facilitates English language development, including reading, writing, listening and speaking skills" You may wish to develop a root-word bank for the subject you teach and show how it facilitates vocabulary development (TPE-7)

Identify five words commonly used in your subject. Identify one or more prefixes, suffixes or roots from each. Use an online dictionary to identify 5 or more other words in the English language that use these morphemes as per the example.

6

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

When searching, you will need to use standard wildcards: *=multiple characters; ?=single character.

Paraphrase, research, definition, disagreement, prediction

Root Meaning Five or more related words that share this rootdict-(from dictionary)

tell, pronounce dictator (one whose word is law), diction (enunciation), edict (a formal pronouncement or command.), dictum (an authoritative, often formal pronouncement), dictate (to say or read aloud to be recorded or written by another)

Para- beside Paradox (a statement that contradicts or seems to contradict itself, yet often expresses a truth), paragraph (a distinct section composed of one or more sentences in a written article or composition), paradigm (an example, model, pattern, or the like), parable (a brief story told as a moral or religious lesson), paralogism (faulty reasoning; illogical argument)

Re- again React( to act, perform, or do again), recollect (to collect or gather once more), reform(to gather or form again), represent (to present again),release (to lease or rent again)

-ition act, action, process

Addition (the act of adding), audition (a trial performance by an actor, musician or dancer), composition (the act of composing), exhibition( the act of exhibiting), opposition (the act or state of opposing)

Dis- not, lack of Disagree (to differ or dissent), disappear(to no longer be seen), disappoint (to fail to fulfill the expectations), disapprove( to regard unfavorably;dislike), disarm (to take away the weapons of)

Pre- before, prior to Prediction (the act of foretelling), precancel(to cancel a stamp before mailing), precaution (an action or measure taken beforehand to avoid or prevent a dangerous circumstance), precede (to come before in time), preface (an introduction to a book or other written text that gives information esp. about the author or work)

English has acquired words from many languages as seen in this story. It is helpful to show students these foreign words and cognates so they can better understand the historical relationship between English and other languages and look for cognates when learning new terms. Translate 5 or more words from your

7

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

discipline into each of four languages using Sherlock, Logos or other resources. Include the translations in your portfolio. Identify cognates and explain how you can use them to help students master English.

8

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

9

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

One way to interest students in the significance of words is to have them study the meaning of their own names. Identify the meaning of five common first names of students in your class.

10

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

(8) Communicating with English Learners and their families: Southern California is home to a very diverse population, many of whom are immigrants from non-English speaking countries. Translation programs can help break down some of the language barriers between teachers, their students, and the families of these students.

Use translation resources to translate a simple document from your class into one or more languages spoken by students in your class. Include the English version AND the translated version. Show this to someone who is fluent in English and the language into which you have translated it, and explain any potential

11

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

problems. Translate a foreign language text-rich website into English. Discuss the values

and limitations of such translation resources.

Original text:A paragraph is a group of sentences that tell about one main idea. The first line of a

paragraph is indented. This means that it begins a few spaces to the right of the left margin. The indented line tells you that a group of related sentences follows. The sentence that tells the main idea of a paragraph is called the topic sentence. It is often the first sentence in the paragraph. The other sentences in the paragraph give supporting details about the main idea.

12

Name: Ayse Karabay May 04, 2008

13