LANDSLIDE HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN IN VULNERABLE AREAS

AT WONOSOBO REGENCYI. Background

One of disaster occurred frequently in Indonesia is landslide. Almost every places in Indonesia especially on mountainous area landslide disaster usually happened. Landslides commonly happen during rainy season between December and February. They bring extensive damages on property and cause losses to lives. In order to minimize damages, it is necessary to assess and manage areas that are susceptible to landslide. Landslide susceptibility map is really needed to reduce damages caused by landslide.

Base on the former reports and studies, the fact happened in field, both regional and province scope of Central Java, Wonosobo is one of danger area for landslide moving. To anticipate and minimalist the risk of disaster in the future, the good disaster management must be applied by local government and people who live around prone areas.

Due to the high demand of public information related to spatial planning and environmental protection, landslide hazard and risk assessment have become a fundamental tool in risk management as an integral part of landuse planning in the disaster prone areas. Therefore, evaluation of risks associated with landslides is an important challenge to develop proper disaster management policies.

Disaster management includes administrative decisions and operational activities that involve prevention, preparedness, response, recovery and rehabilitation. Disaster management can be defined as the effective organization, direction and utilization of available counter-disaster resources. Effective risk reduction involves mitigation measures in hazard prone areas. It may also involve overcoming the socioeconomic, institutional and political barriers to the adoption of effective risk reduction strategies and measures in developing countries. The disaster mitigation committee should explore on all possible measures that might help to reduce risk. The alternatives should be weighed and the more acceptable ones selected which are appropriate to satisfy community needs. Then a plan must be formulated to facilitate the implementation of the selected risk reduction measures.II. ObjectivesA. To determine the areas that have high susceptibility for landslide hazard using landslide risk mappingB. To plan mitigation actions to minimize damages caused by landslide hazard using landuse planning in prone areaIII. OutputsA. Landslide risk map that can be a guidance for local goverment to take some action to preserve people who live in lanslide prone areas.B. Disaster mitigation related with lanslide hazard caried out by local goverment and awarnes of local people related landslide hazard increase significantly.IV. Type of activitiesSeveral types of activities undertaken in the landslide disaster mitigation project in Wonosobo can be presented on the points below:1. Making landslide risk maps and mapping landuse design in areas that vulnerable to landslide hazard.2. Built evacuation building and early warning system accord with landslide risk map and landuse design map3. Socialization to the public about the dangers of landslides and everything related to the landslide disaster mitigation with posters, film and installation of signs on certain areas of landslide hazard.4. Take efforts to prevent landslide hazard using vegetative and mechanical techniques

5. Educate the community both formally and informally through the school lesson and by involving the village institution.

V. MethodsA. Lanslide Hazard Mapping

Five parameter maps were used in order to build landslide hazard maps, namely landform map, slope map, geological map, soil map and landuse map. Detailed thematic data were derived from existing topographical maps, aerial photographs and field surveys. Therefore, an alternative method to build landslide hazard map is needed. The quantitative method using logistic regression model can be used to determine probality of landslide occurance. Risk assessment was focused only on the number of populations possibly threatened in each house or building mapped in the region. The first priority in selecting measures implies appropriate landuse planning for local management plan purpose such as prohibition, restriction and regulation for the developments in landslide-prone areas. The risk information will enable decision-makers, communities and individuals to make informed decisions on where to live, to build infrastructures or business areas.B. Disaster Mitigation

Disaster mitigation on the practical side close to disaster reduction that involves measures designed to avoid or limit (mitigation and preparedness) the adverse impact of landslide hazards. Various types of practical aspects of risk mitigation in order to reduce the vulnerability must be done by local authorities and people by using various methods both technical and social. The purpose of social risk prevention is in order to provide information to the people in evacuation and alert system purposes. Construction evacuation building and installation of landslide hazard early warning systems is one of the efforts made in the landslide disaster mitigation activities.Public awareness was realised by local government diffusing hazard map in regional scale, posters and panels that accompanied by educational action. A mechanical approach consists of covering soil cracks by ground coatings beaten to limit the infiltration of rain water and construction of retaining concrete walls or small gabion intended to stabilize or consolidate the slopes along main roads or rivers. The vegetative technique using terrace amplifier plant became also alternative protection countermeasures which have been applied to the several slope conditions and reforestation on the damages forest in vulnerable areas. This technique is relatively cheaper and community-friendly which can be conducted by local peoples. Hazard education conducted regularly in order to build the better perception and understanding for local people regarding to landslide hazard and risk.

VI. Team Composition

There are many institution that involve in this project. Each of them have spesified responsibility that have corelation to this project.A. Bappeda (Regional Development Planning Agency)

Bappeda is an institution that has a significant role in determining the success of the project. Bappeda act as project leader and also create a hazard map and land suitability maps in Wonosobo. This map will be the reference in determining the various things that would be taken related to landslide hazard mitigation.B. Public Work Agency (PU)

Public Works Agency is responsible for built evacuation buildings, installation of early warning system and also construction of retaining concrete walls or small gabion intended to stabilize or consolidate the slopes along main roads or rivers.C. Eduational Agency

Educational agencies responsible for disaster mitigation in the context of socialization which is done through several medias such as posters, film and installation of warning sign. Besides that, the educational agency has responsible to educate the people relating to the landslide disaster mitigation undertaken either through formal institutions (school) or non-formal approach.D. Forestry AgencyForestry agency responsible for the prevention of landslide hazards through vegetative technique,for examples with reforestation and planting spesified vegetation on land that has a high degree of slope.E. Local Goverment (village)Local Government is responsible as the liaison with the local community. For example in socialization activities, local government has significant role in memobilisaisi inhabitant. The success of socialization is determined by the existence of local government.VII. Location

Landslide hazard mitigation project is planned to be implemented in Wonosobo Regency, Central Java.

VIII. Budgetary Fund

Landslide hazard mitigation project in Wonosobo regency necessary cost that come from provincial budget and regency budget in budgentary year 20124