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Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
113 - 15 March 2003
Subregional Workshop on the Implementation of the UNECE-Industrial Accidents Convention
13-15 March 2003, Erevan, Armenia
German Experiences
on Safety Measures at Industrial Installations
Example of the State of Brandenburg
by Abdulrahman AbbasBrandenburg State Office for Environment, Germany
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
213 - 15 March 2003
Aim of both UN/ECE Convention and SEVESO II
• prevention of major industrial accidents involving dangerous substances
• limitation of the consequences of such accidents on man and the environment
In the case of transboundary effects:
Co-operation between UN/ECE countries and/or
EU member states before, through and after an accident
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
313 - 15 March 2003
Bayern
Hessen
BrandenburgNiedersachsen
Sachsen
Sachsen-Anhalt
Berlin
Thüringen
Schleswig-Holstein
Rheinland-Pfalz
Nordrhein-Westfalen
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Baden-Württemberg
Hamburg
Saarland
Bremen
Germany: 16 Federal States (Länder)
Brandenburg
2,6 Mio Inhabitants
29 476 km2
Density of population =88 inhabitants per km ²
Armenia
about 126 inhabitants per km ²
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
413 - 15 March 2003
German Democratic
Republic (GDR):……..
• code for environment
• TGL standards of the State of GDR
• TGL was a law
• all products, processes, technologies and production sequences were standardized
Federal Republic of Germany (FRG)………
• Federal Immission Control Act• Hazardous Incident Ordinance
• General Administrative Regulations for the Implementation of the Hazardous Incident Ordinance (binding for the Authority)
• Technical rules and standards (DIN Standards, …) as recommendations
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
513 - 15 March 2003
Art. 67a of Federal Immission Control Act
Notification of GDR installations, for which licensing required under the Federal Immission Control Act untill 31.12.90
within this period notifications not completed Installations had an existence guarantee, in condition
that no modifications were made on these installations
existence guarantee also apply to installations, that didn’t comply with the safety standards of FRG?
no alternative, except direct danger for man and environment
Exclusion of dangers by safety measures plans according to inspection programs
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
613 - 15 March 2003
…….
older LPG storage installations are permitted as long as they comply with the appropriate standards in the GDR
licensed aboveground storage tanks before to pass this Decree are permitted, when they are equipped with a fire protection isolation, that provides a minimum 90 minutes fire protection for the tank
.........
Brandenburg Decree from 19.01.1996
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
713 - 15 March 2003
1990 - 1991 Registration of installations
1992 - 1996 128 ASBK activities ( = inspections)
Program for the Inspection of process safety in Brandenburg (ASBK)
Checking, how is the actual state of the installation (hazards potential)
Use of SEVESO
Recommendation of safety measures: short, medium and long term
Checklists for typical industrial activities
Process installations and storage Storage of pesticides, insecticides, chemical substances and Storage of flammable substances and LPG
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
813 - 15 March 2003
Lacks we found:
Quantity of hazardous substances was unknown
Ownerships was not clear
- parts of the establishment were sold or shut-down
Necessity of safety report
Lacks of safety measures
Lacks or absense of documentation
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
913 - 15 March 2003
Aboveground storage tank
• 15 t propane (85 % filling degree)
• 2 safety valves
• level bearing device
• level and pressure measuring devices
• level sensor
• wind direction measuring device
Inspection of a LPG storge installation (1992):
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
1013 - 15 March 2003
• one-sided open
• height = truck -loading height
• full and empty gas cylinders
Provision storage
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
1113 - 15 March 2003
• area free from canalization and cellar opening
• no collision protection
Loading and unloading device
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
1213 - 15 March 2003
pump station:
• 2 pumps (1 standby pump) and fittings
• shut-down valve with linkage to remote control
• ventilation system
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
1313 - 15 March 2003
Examples for recommended safety measures
Installation of emergency shut-down system
Installation of gas detection system and its connecting to emergency shut-down system
Storage tank should be put underground
Installation of remote control fittings and valves (fire-safe and fail-safe )
Safety break away and dry-break couplings
Installation of suitable pump (magnet coupling pump)
Collision protection of loading and unloading device
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
1413 - 15 March 2003
Short term safety measures (0.5 to 1 year)
Safety user manuals
Explosion protection plan
Collision protection
Medium term safety measures (2 – 3 years)
remote control fittings and valves
emergency shut-down system
Long term safety measures (4 – 6 years)
Underground Storage tank
Safety measures plan, decided 1992
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
1513 - 15 March 2003
Petrochemical industry
Steel industry
Chemical industry
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
1613 - 15 March 2003
Safety Management System (SMS)
• large proportion (~ 2/3) of reported accidents caused by management failings
Great importance of Safety Management Systems in prevention of major accidents and limitation of their consequences
• SMS implements the Major-Accident Prevention Policy (MAPP)
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
1713 - 15 March 2003
Safety Management Systems
The issues of SMS:
Organization and personnel (including training)
Identification and evaluation of major hazards
Operational control
Management of change
Planning for emergencies
Monitoring performance
Audit and review of SMS
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
1813 - 15 March 2003
• Initiatives in the EU and in various countries over the last years
development of guidelines for SMS
aids to value it
• In Brandenburg
aid for the competent authorities
developed in State of NRW/Germany
Safety Management Systems
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
1913 - 15 March 2003
Authorities for immission protection required to identify “Domino Effects”
Three steps in Brandenburg
* Step 1
- Locate all establishments (considering industry parks )
- Consider their separation distances (lower tier 200 m, upper tier 500 m)
Domino Effects
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
2013 - 15 March 2003
* Step 2
- Considering the possible scenarios and estimating their effects
- Consulting with the operators
* Step 3
- Decision
Domino Effects
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
2113 - 15 March 2003
A modular structure is recommended
• Description MAPP and SMS,
• Description of the site and its environment
• Description for each of the installation
- safety analysis for an installation constitutes the main body of an installation module
• Description of the possible major-accident scenarios and
• emergency management
Safety report
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
2213 - 15 March 2003
Safety report Checking of the safety report
• Licensing authorities and occupational health and safety agencies
assess the completeness and correctness of the safety report
• Individual aspects may have to be assessed by independent experts
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
2313 - 15 March 2003
Inspection Inspections are not new in Brandenburg
• Inspections have been carried out under legislation on chemicals, pressure vessels, occupational health and safety, etc. for many years
Systematic inspections explicitly due to Seveso II / Major Accidents Legislation are a new task
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
2413 - 15 March 2003
Inspection In Brandenburg the inspection is the
responsibility of the authorities
Independent experts can be contracted in individual cases as an exception, not generally
The inspection consists of three steps:
• preparation: assessing the available documentation, reports, third party inspections
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
2513 - 15 March 2003
Inspection
• inspection visit: assessing the compliance with the documentation, function of the SMS, individual controls of safe operation
• inspection report: documentation of the visit, follow-up measures, general points relevant to safety
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
2613 - 15 March 2003
Inspection
Aid for the inspection visit: modular “tools” with contributions from various Federal States
Decision in Brandenburg:
• „Upper tier establishments” are to be inspected annually
Landesumweltamt Brandenburg
UNECE-Workshop Dr. Abdulrahman Abbas
2713 - 15 March 2003
All establishments in Brandenburg correspond to state-of-the-art of safety technology
Additional measures are taken to increase the process safety and to prevent major accidents according to the Seveso II Directive
Seveso II and the UN/ECE-convention requirements implemented successfully
Summary