Land Ordinance 2014 vs. Land Acquisition Act 2013

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[Polity] Land Ordinance 2014 vs. Land Acquisition Act 2013: Salient Features!o"#arison $ !riticis"

1. LARR Act 2013

2. Salient features of LARR-2013 Act?

3. Why Land ordinance?

4. Land Ordinance 2014: Salient eatures

!. Land ordinance: "ritcis#$Anti-ar%u#ents

&. A''endi(-): *(a#'les of +u,lic +ur'ose acuisition

. A''endi(-)): 13 central la/s e(e#'ted

. oc uestions

LARR Act 2013

1. Land Acquisition %e&a' %esettle"ent Act (LA%%) 2013

2. *e#art"ent o+ Land resources under %ural *evelo#"ent "inistry i"#le"ents t&is act.

ut /hy /as this la/ enacted?

1. Land Acuisition "eans ,overn"ent-#rivate co"#any #urc&asin, #rivate land +or 'u,lic 'ur'ose.

2. /ut under t&e /ritis&era Land acquisition act o+ 14 t&e ter" #u'lic #ur#ose as a"'i,uous and o#en to e5ecutivediscretion. So #oor #eo#les6 land as acquired at t&roaay #rices in #rete5t o+ develo#"ent #ro7ects.

3. So"eti"es suc& #ro7ects never started and t&e sa"e c&ea# land as resold at &i,&er #rice to real estate develo#ers it&out'uildin, anyt&in, +or #u'lic #ur#ose.

4. 8it& t&is tactic #oliticians t&eir sonsinla and 'ureaucrats "ade 'illions out o+ t&in air. LA%% act2013 tried to +i5 t&is #ro'le".
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LA9* A!;==L>@>9= A!= (LA%%) 2013

Salient features of LARR-2013 Act?

Colonial Act 1894 LARR Act 2013

The term public purpose wasambiguous and open to

Governments discretion

Clearly defines various types of public purpose projects for which,

Government can acquire private land !"efer to appendi#$%&

'and could be acquiredforcibly

(or private project, )*+ affected families must agree

(or project, -*+ affected families must agree

.nly then land can be acquired


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They were given no voice indecision ma/ing

0nder 1ocial impact assessment !123& even need to obtain consent of

the affected artisans, laborers, share$croppers, tenant farmers,fishermen, small traders, 4esi$liquor den owners etc whose

!sustainable& livelihood will be affected because of the given project

Government was free to decide

how much money to pay whileacquiring private land

Compensation proportion to mar/et rates

5 times the mar/et rate in rural area

6 times in urban area

3ffected artisans, small traders, fishermen etc will be given

one$time payment, even if they dont own any land

7o such restrictions on fertile

land

To ensure food security:

% (ertile, irrigated, multi$cropped farmland can be acquired

only in last resort

6 2f such fertile land is acquired, then Government will have to

develop equal si8e of wasteland for agriculture purpose

9

if Government acquires the lands for private company$ the

said private company will be responsible for relief and

rehabilitation of the affected people

3dditional rehabpac/age for 1C:1T owners ;#ample$

fishing rights over dam, 6


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sold:leased to private players at

s/y$high prices

Why Land ordinance?

146s land act as 'o,us and e5#loitive. So !on,ress ,overn"ent enacted ne la in 2013 it& #rovisions +or social i"#act

assess"ent +air co"#ensation dis#ute settle"ent and ot&er +ancy t&in,s.

LA%%2013 Act 'eca"e e++ective +ro" 1st anuary 2014.

/ut t&is LA%% Act2013 esta'lis&ed an e5tre"ely co"#le5 and i"#ractical land acquisition #rocess.

5oldouts:&olac&&a# 9BOs ould insti,ate 202CD o+ t&e a++ected +a"ilies to sta,e &oldout #ro"isin, t&e" it6ll +etc& t&e"

even &i,&er #rices. and Biven t&e E00D consent require"ent t&e #ro7ect ill never ico++.

Liti%ation:'ecause local (and t&ere+ore corru#tion) Patari and =e&sildars never "aintain #ro#er land records o+ &o ons &o

"uc& land.

=&is raised t&e land #rices red ta#is" and t&us t&e overall #ro7ect cost.

9eit&er t&e +ar"er could sell its land and "ove to ur'an areas no t&e entre#reneur could 'uy t&e land and "ove toards rural

areas.

!o"'ined it& >nviron"entactivis" and #olicy #aralysis o+ ;PA re,i"e t&e end result as in+rastructure 'ottlenec &i,&

in+lation and +all in B*P.


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8?G @O*< ?A* =O /%


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A. Frequent *isru#tions in 8inter session (*ece"'er 2014)

/. @odi doesn6t en7oy "a7ority in %a7ya Sa'&a.

!. so"e o+ t&e union "inistries &adnot even #re#ared t&e 'ills.

=&ere+ore Bovern"ent decided to use ordinance route under Article 123 o+ t&e !onstitution.


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Land "rdinance 2014: Salient #eatures

LARR-Act 2013 Land "rdinance 2014

$andatory-*+ consent for

projects

$andatory)*+ consent for

private projects

$andatory1ocial impact

assessment !123& for every projects

Those !andatory things are no longer required for%

tyes of ro&ects:

% 7ational security and 4efense roduction

6 "ural infrastructure, "ural electrification

> 2nfrastructure and 1ocial infrastructure

5 2ndustrial corridors


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2f any mischief played on Governments

part then head of the department will be

responsible

=ead of the department cant be prosecuted

without prior sanction of government !under CrC

1ection %B-&

This immunity is given to ensure bureaucrats

dont sit on the files, fearing media$trials and judicial

activism

Land ordinance: "riticis#$Anti-ar%u#ents

1. Biven t&e


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8it&in t&at ti"e Bovern"ent &ad to a"end t&ose 13 las to ,ive +air co"#ensation. Since @odi couldn6t do it &e ,ot an

ordinance cleared to e5tends LA%%&i,&co"#ensation rates to t&ese central las:

T'ese Acts (ere e)e!ted fro! LARR-Act-2013 *ut co+ered +ia "rdinance

"ld Act ,ear

'and 3cquisition !@ines& 3ct %))

oc uestions

1. Su''ose6 7o8ern#ent enacted a ne/ la/ to acuire any land fro# any,ody /ithout any co#'ensation6 then /hich of the

follo/in% funda#ental ri%hts /ill ,e affected?

A. 1-'

/. 1-c

!. 1-d

*. 1-e

2. 9nder Land ordinance 20146 consent of affected fa#ilies and social i#'act assess#ent is #andatory for /hich of the follo/in%

'roects?

1. *e+ense #roduction

2. ?ousin, +or lo inco"e ,rou#

3. %ural electri+ication

Anser c&oices

A. Only 1 and 2

/. Only 2 and 3

!. Only 1 and 3

*. 9one o+ t&e"

3. 9nder Land ordinance 20146 /ho a#on% the follo/in% can acuire 'ri8ate land for 'u,lic 'ur'ose?

1. One #erson co"#any

2. Pu'lic li"ited co"#any

3. #rivate li"ited co"#any

4. >ducational trust.

C. %eli,ious c&arity or,aniJation

Anser c&oices

A. Only 2 and 3

/. Only 1 2 and 3

!. Only 1 2 3 and 4


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*. All o+ t&e"

4. 9nder Land ordinance 2014

A. %evenue o++icials at district and state level can 'e #rosecuted it&out #rior a##roval o+ Bovern"ent.

/. >very state is "andated to setu# a dis#ute settle"ent aut&ority under retire c&ie+ 7ustice o+ &i,& court.

!. /ot& A and /

*. 9eit&er A nor /

!. Land Acuisition6 Reha,6 Resettle#ent Act ;LARR< 2013

1. Provides co"#ensation o+ 45ti"es "aret rates +or land acquired near ur'an areas.

2. Puts certain restriction on acquisition o+ +ertiliJe land to ensure +ood security +or


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/. 122

!. 123

*. 124

. +resident of )ndia can #ae ordinance on /hich of the follo/in% #atters?

1. Price control

2. Lunacy

3. Bas and ,as ors

Anser c&oices

A. Only 1 and 2

/. Only 2 and 3

!. Only 1 and 3

*. 9one o+ t&e"

10. ) 'arlia#ent doesn=t a''ro8e an ordinance6 it=ll e('ire in >>>.

A. Si5 days

/. Si5 ees

!. Si5 "ont&s

*.


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/. 42nd

!. 43rd

*. 44t&

escri'ti8e uestions for ains e(a#

1. Lac o+ co&erent #olicy on land acquisition &as &ar"ed 'ot& t&e +ar"ers and entre#reneurs discuss in t&e 'acdro# o+ LA%% Act2013 and Land Ordinance 2014.

2. 9arrate t&e circu"stances leadin, to enact"ent o+ Land Ordinance 2014 and its liely i"#act on

Documents

Land Ordinance 2014 vs. Land Acquisition Act 2013