Land Biomes! 20-1 Different ecosystems are home to different kinds of organisms! The animals and...
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Land Biomes! 20-1 Different ecosystems are home to different kinds of organisms! The animals and plants that live there do so because of adaptations that
Land Biomes! 20-1 Different ecosystems are home to different
kinds of organisms! The animals and plants that live there do so
because of adaptations that allow them to survive in that
environment! The combo of abiotic and biotic factors make each
biome different! Remember...A Biome is a group of ecosystems with
the same climate and similar communities There are Land Biomes and
Aquatic Biomes! The Land Biomes are as follows: 1.) Forests: ~
Temperate Deciduous Forests ~ Coniferous Forests ~ Tropical
Rainforests 2.) Grasslands: ~ Temperate grasslands ~ Savannas 3.)
Deserts 4.) Tundra
Slide 2
Forest Biomes : 3 Types 1.) Temperate Deciduous Forest ** The
type of forest that develops depends on the temperature and
rainfall! Characteristics: ~ leaves change color in fall ~ warm
summers, cold winters ~ rainfall avg. 29.5 - 49 in. Plants you may
find: ~ leafy trees ~ ferns, mosses, shrubs Animals you may find: ~
bears ~ snakes ~ many bird varieties Let's see a cool video about
the deciduous forest! 2.) Coniferous Forest Characteristics: ~
mostly coniferous trees (pine trees) * Conifer means "cone bearing"
* trees have needle-like leaves made to keep moisture in and be
hearty during the winter ~ cool summers/ cold winters ~ Avg.
rainfall 14 - 29.5 in/yr Plants you may find: ~ various types of
pine trees ~ maybe some small conifer shrubs Animals you may find:
~ Deer ~ Squirrels ~ Various birds ~ Insects ~Porcupines
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fnkTwWV1PwU&feature=related
Let's check out more about the coniferous forest! 3.) Tropical
Rainforests Characteristics: ~ most diverse biome! ~ thousands of
different types of plants and animals live here! ~Avg. rainfall
about 157.5 in ~ very warm year round - 68 o F - 93 o F Plants you
may find here: ~ thousands of varieties of flowers and trees *
Bougainvillea, Strangler Fig, and Orchids just to name a few!
Bougainvillea Strangler Fig Animals you may find here: ~ thousands
of different animals and insect live here! ~ Chimpanzees, King
Cobras, Toucans, Harpy Eagle to name a few! ~Also has some of the
largest and most amazing insects! Orchid Chimpanzee Toucan Harpy
Eagle King Cobra Leaf Mimic Bug Let's see a video clip about the
rainforest! (realplayer)
Slide 3
Grassland Biomes: 2 Types: 1.) Temperate Grasslands Ch
aracteristics: * few trees * lots of grasses and flowering plants *
avg. rainfall 10- 29.5 in * fairly cold winters/ warm summers
Plants you may see here: ~ Grass! Many varieties! ~ Ironweed ~
Queen Anne's Lace ~ Coneflowers ~ Butterfly weed Animals you may
find here: ~ Bison ~ Wild horses ~ Antelope ~ Prairie dogs 2.)
Savanna Ch aracteristics: ~ grassland with scattered clumps of
trees and seasonal rains ~ avg. rainfall 59 in. / yr ~ Hot dry
season and mild wet season ~ found in parts of Africa, India, and
S. America Plants you may find here: ~ Baobab Tree - can live for
thousands of years! ~ Acacia Tree ~ Bermuda Grass Animals you may
find here: ~ wild dogs ~ elephants ~ giraffes ~ wildebeests ~ black
mamba ~lions Let's see a clip about the grasslands! (real player)
Let's see a clip about the Savanna! (real player)
Slide 4
Desert Biome Characteristics: ~ very dry and very hot! ~ avg.
rainfall less than 10 in/yr ~ temps range from 100 o F - 45 o F ~
very sparse vegetation and animal life Plants you may find here: ~
Barrel cactus ~ Joshua Tree ~ Saguaro cactus ~ Yucca Animals you
may find here: ~ spadefoot toad ~ jack rabbit ~ roadrunner ~ cactus
wren ~ desert tortoise ~ thorny devil lizard Let's see a video
about the desert! (real player)
Slide 5
Tundra Biome Characteristics: ~ Extremely cold climate ~ Low
biotic diversity ~ Simple vegetation structure ~ permafrost - layer
of ground is frozen permanently! ~ Short season of growth and
reproduction ~ Avg. rainfall 12-20 in ~ Temps very cold year round
-15 o F to 54 o f Tundra is separated into 2 areas: Alpine and
Arctic Alpine Tundra: found at the top of large mountains above the
tree line Plants you may find there: ~tussock grasses ~dwarf trees
~ small-leafed shrubs Animals you may find there: ~ mountain goat ~
elk ~ butterflies ~ grouse Arctic (Polar) Tundra: ~ found near the
North and South poles Plants you may find here: ~ 400 varieties of
flowers ~liverworts ~low shrubs Animals you may find here: ~ arctic
foxes, wolves, and polar bears ~ falcons, loons, sandpipers ~
arctic bumble bees ~ caribou, arctic hares Let's see a video clip
about the tundra! (real player)
Slide 6
Marine Ecosystems 2 0-2 Marine is a word used to describe the
water in the world's oceans. The oceans hold the largest and
smallest animals on the planet! The oceans are shaped by abiotic
factors: ~Water Temperature ~ Water Depth ~ Amount of sunlight
passing through the water column Plankton - tiny organisms that
float near the surface of the water ~ most plankton are producers ~
many organisms rely on plankton for food!
Slide 7
Water Temperature and Depth Water temp. decreases as the depth
increases ~ because of this, different animals live at different
depths and temperatures! Too hot or cold may cause some org. to
stop eating or die! 4 Main Zones of the Ocean: 1.) Intertidal
~Where the ocean meets the land ~ waves always present ~ animals
and plants adapted to live in this environment can survive the
waves and being exposed to air for part of the day. ~ Animals:
periwinkles, sea stars, anemones, crabs ~ Plants: Sea grapes,
mangrove trees 2. Neritic Zone ~ deeper water off shore ~ much
sunlight penetrates here! ~ coral reefs live here and thus so do
numerous plants and animals! ~ Animals: corals, sponges, tropical
fish, dolphins, sea turtles ~ Plants: plankton, Sargasso seaweed
3.) Oceanic Zone ~ deep water of open ocean ~ this zone can be
thousands of feet deep! ~ Animals: Whales, sharks, jellyfish, squid
~ Plants: Plankton may float close to the top, kelp, seaweed, and
seagrass sea grass kelp 4.) Bethnic Zone ~ the deep ocean floor ~
deepest parts do not get any sunlight! ~ Highly adapted org. live
here - very cold and dark ~ some have thermal vents that spew out
boiling water and minerals! Much of the life on the ocean floor
thrives in these extreme environments - extremophiles! (remember?!)
~ Animals: worms, sea urchins, various fish ~ Plants: None!! It's
too dark! Animals eat each other or get nutrients from things that
float down from the thsurface! Giant isopod Dumbo octopus Gulper
eel http://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=u64ppKBY3cM Let's see more!
(real player) Let's learn more about the coral reef! (real player -
coral reefs) http://video.nationalgeo graphic.com/video/envi
ronment/habitats- environment/habitats- oceans-env/coral- reefs/
http://dsc.discovery.com/videos /planet-earth-deep-ocean-sea-
vents.html Let's check out the deep ocean! (real player - deep
ocean) http://dsc.discovery.com/videos/ planet-earth-deep-oceans/
Let's check out the deep ocean! (real player - Planet Earth, deep
ocean)
Slide 8
Freshwater Ecosystems Most water on land is freshwater ~
streams ~ rivers ~ lakes ~ swamps ~ ponds The water in streams and
rivers is generally moving from fairly slowly to rapidly downhill.
Where does the water come from? Springs Rain Snow melt Each stream
of water that joins another larger stream is called a tributary.
The large river is the Mississippi River The smaller rivers like
the Ohio River, Missouri River, Red River etc. feed into the
Mississippi River...they are it's tributaries! The freshwater
ecosystems are characterized by their abiotic factors: ~How quickly
the water moves - streams and rivers: * certain plants and animals
live in different velocities of water *some can live in slow moving
water, others can survive fast moving water like rapids! The
tributaries are fed by the water in their surrounding watersheds. ~
an area of land from which the water flows into the brooks,
streams, and rivers ~ The green area around the Miss. R. in the
picture is it's watershed! Animals in streams and rivers: ~ fish ~
snails ~ crayfish ~ clams ~ insects ~ frogs and tadpoles Ponds and
Lake Ecosystems ~ these ecosystems are different from those in
streams and rivers ~ the water does not flow in these areas - the
water is still Stream and River Ecosystems: 3 Zones: 1.) Littoral
zone - area of water closest to the edge * algae and plants like
cattails and rushes grow here * snails, insects, small fish,
salamanders, and turtles live here too! 2.) Open-water Zone ~
across the top of the water and down as deep as the sunlight
reaches ~ fishes and photosynthetic plankton live here 3.)
Deep-water Zone * under the open-water zone * no sunlight
penetrates here * Catfish, Carp, worms, crustaceans, fungi, and
bacteria live here * These org. usually eat dead org. that sink to
the bottom Let's see some more on the Freshwater Biome! (real
player)
Slide 9
Wetland Ecosystem! Wetland - area of land that is sometimes
underwater or contains a great deal of moisture Important facts: ~
supports many different animals and plants ~ help with regional
flood control by soaking up large amounts of water after heavy
rains or snowmelt ~ help filter the water supply and replenish
groundwater 2 Types of Wetlands: 1. ) Marshes * mostly grasses,
algae, reeds, wild rice, and other low plants thrive * No trees! *
found in shallow areas along shores of lakes, ponds, rivers and
streams * common animals are muskrats, turtles, frogs, and birds
2.) Swamps * Has trees and vines - bald cypress, willows, oaks,
poison ivy * may also have water lilies and duckweed * usually
found beside slow-moving rivers in low-lying areas * flooded part
or most of the year * common animals are alligators, herons,
snakes, frogs, salamanders Let's check out some more about the
Wetlands! ( real player)