Lailani Ladios

7/22/2019 Lailani Ladios

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PRIUNHIGKI CE D\PIRVIG[LCG NOCGA ELR[V \INRKCHHIAI [VYFIGV[ CE YPD[F/HP ['\' 20>>20>2LG RIHNVLCG VC VDILR PRCELHI NGF HLEI[V\HI=

BN[L[ ECR KCOPRIDIG[LUIDINHVD PRCARNO

N Onstirs VdislsPrisigtif Vc

tdi Enkuhty ce Arnfunti [kdcchYglvirslty ce Pirpitunh Dihp [ystio FNHVN

Hns Plns Klty

Lg Pnrtlnh Euhelhhoigtce tdi Riqulrioigts ecr tdi Fiarii

Onstir ce Nrts lg GurslgaOnmcr lg Gurslga Nfolglstrntlcg

By

HNLHNGL KNPNRRC[C HNFLC[

ONRKD 20>2


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NPPRCUNH [DIIV

Vdls Vdisls igtlthif( PRIUNHIGKI CE D\PIRVIG[LCG NOCGAELR[V \INR KCHHIAI [VYFIGV[ CE YPD[F/HP ['\' 20>>20>2LG RIHNVLCG VC VDILR PRCELHI NGF HLEI[V\HI= BN[L[ ECR NKCOPRIDIG[LUI DINHVD PRCARNO pripnrif ngf subolttif byHNLHNGL KNPNRRC[C HNFLC[ lg pnrtlnh euhelhhoigt ecr tdi riqulrioigtsecr tdi Fiarii Onstir ce Nrts lg Gurslga( Onmcr lg Gurslga

Nfolglstrntlcg( dns biig ixnolgif ngf rikcooigfif ecr nkkiptngkingf npprcvnh ecr crnh ixnolgntlcg'

NOIHLN O' OIGFC]N( R'G'( O'N'G'Nfvlsir

CRNH ITNOLGNVLCG KCOOLVVII

Npprcvif by tdi Kcoolttii cg Crnh Ixnolgntlcg wltd tdi arnfice SSSSSSSSSSS'

EHCRIGKLN K' ONRELH( Pd'F' \CHNGFN V' KNGNRLN( Pd'F'Oiobir Oiobir

AHCRLN O' NHBIRVC( Pd'F'Kdnlrong

Nkkiptif ngf npprcvif lg pnrtlnh euhelhhoigt ce tdi riqulrioigts

ecr tdi Fiarii Onstir ce Nrts lg Gurslga'

NVV\' LRLGIC E' ONRVLGI]( MR'( Pd'F'Fing( Arnfunti [kdcch


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NKJGCQHIFAOIGV

Vdi risinrkdir wcuhf hlji tc ixtigf dir utocst arntltufi tc tdi

echhcwlga picphi wdc kcgtrlbutif tdilr slaglelkngt pnrts lg tdi rinhlzntlcg

ce tdls duobhi pliki ce wcrj=

VC VDI VNON\C ENOLH\( ecugfirs ce tdi Yglvirslty ce

Pirpitunh Dihp [ystio FNHVN( ecr tdi skdchnrsdlp tdiy dnvi alvig tc

tdi risinrkdir sc tdnt sdi kng pursui dir Onstirs fiarii ngf ecr tdi

kcgtlgucus suppcrt tc nhh tdi stufigts ce tdi Arnfunti [kdcch' Vdi

risinrkdir wlhh truhy bi ecrivir arntieuh:

NVV\' LRLGIC E' ONRVLGI]( MR'( Pd'F'( Fing( Arnfunti

[kdcch( Yglvirslty ce Pirpitunh Dihp [ystio FNHVN( ecr tdi ugigflga

suppcrt tc nhh arnfunti stufigts lg tdilr inrgist fislri tc elglsd ngf nttnlg

tdilr fiariis:

O[' NOIHLN OIGFC]N( R'G'( O'N'G'( C'L'K'( Gurslga [irvlki

ce Yglvirslty ce Pirpitunh Dihp Oiflknh Kigtir/ Hns Plns ngf Vdisls

Nfvlsir( ecr dir brlhhlngt suaaistlcgs( lgputs( ngf igkcurnaioigt erco

tdi stnrt ugtlh tdi igf ce dir mcurgiy lg wrltlga:

FR' AHCRLN O' NHBIRVC( FR' EHCRIGKLN K' ONRELH( ngf

FR' \CHNGFN V' KNGNRLN ( oiobirs ce tdi tdisls rivliw pngih ecr

tdilr skrutlgy ce tdi kcgtigts ngf rieirigkis usif lg tdi stufy ngf tdi

flriktlcgs ngf lgsplrntlcg alvig ecr n bittir cutkcoi ce tdi stufy:


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FR' MI[Y[ B' ACHHN\NG( Prceisscrlnh Hikturir ce tdi

Arnfunti [kdcch ce YPD[F/Hns Plns(ecr dls ixpirtlsi lg tdi stntlstlknhtrintoigt ce tdi fntn tdnt prcvlfif tdi risinrkdir wltd substngtlnh lgputs

ngf khinr flriktlcgs lg tdi nkkcophlsdoigt ce tdi tdrust ce tdi stufy:

FR' NHECG[C D' HCRIVC( [kdcch flriktcr ce YPD[F/HP( ecr

dls npprcvnh tc kcgfukt tdi stufy ngf tdi suppcrt di dns sdcwg lg

pursulga dir Onstirs fiarii:

FR' RIGC RN\IH( [kdcch Flriktcr ce YPD[F/Ochlgc Knopus

ecr dls npprcvnh tc kcgfukt tdi plhct stufy:

VC O[' RIUIHLGN ONVIC( Khlglk Gursi ce YPD[F/Ochlgc

Knopus( wdc dihpif enklhltnti tdi surviy:

VC NHH VDI YPD[F/HP PRCEI[[CR[( ngf ocst lopcrtngthy(

tc tdi [VYFIGV[( ecr tdi arint suppcrt ngf kccpirntlcg tigfirif

slgkirihy furlga tdi tloi ce antdirlga lgecrontlcg:

VC NHH DIR ONG PRCEI[[CR[ NGF KHN[[ONVI[(

ispiklnhhy Fr' Dnzih Ulhhnarnkln( Fing Erngklskc [csn( Os' Muhli Rcmc(

Priklcus Gnrlc( Glgn Ulhhn( ngf Or' Knrhc Nhonznr( ecr tdi wcrfs ce

igkcurnaioigt ngf suppcrt tdnt hif tdi risinrkdir tc pursui ngf

nkkcophlsd tdls stufy:


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VC NHH VDI YPD[F/HP KHLGLK [VNEE( tdi risinrkdirs kc/

stnee( ecr tdi hcvi ngf suppcrt tc elglsd tdi igtlri prcarno up tc tdi elgnh

tdisls wrltlga:

VC IGAR' LHYOLGNFC B' HNFLC[( ivir/hcvlga entdir ce tdi

risinrkdir( ecr tdi kcgtlgucus ugfirstngflga ngf suppcrt( ispiklnhhy

elgngklnhhy( tc kcgfukt ngf nkkcophlsd tdls wcrj:

VC OR[' NGVCGLIVN K' HNFLC[( jlgf ngf ugfirstngflga

octdir ce tdi risinrkdir( ecr nhh tdi prnyirs ngf igkcurnaioigt tc elglsd

tdi fiarii ecr n bittir euturi:

VC NHH DIR ERLIGF[( ENOLH\ NGF RIHNVLUI[( ispiklnhhy

;rf Igalgiir Oihngl K' Hnflcs: I#Knfit Hnffli K' Hnflcs LL: Os' Ivihyg

R' Knpnrrcsc: ngf Ntty' Vicfcrc R' Knpnrrcsc( wdc sirvif ns tdi

risinrkdirs elgngkir furlga dir Vdisls wrltlga( lgsplrntlcg( ngf scurki ce

kcgtlgucus suppcrt:

VC O[' MN[OLG ULVN( ecr nhh tdi ugfirstngflga ngf prcvlflga nhh

tdi risinrkdirs giifs tc kcophiti tdi stufy ngf tdi igtlri prcarno:

VC EC> RCHNGF [YHLBN( risinrkdirs bisterligf( ecr nhh tdi

lgsplrntlcg( wcrfs ce wlsfco( ngf enltd lg tdi Nholadty tdnt onfi tdi

risinrkdir pursui tdi igtlri prcarno ngf nkkcophlsd tdls stufy:

VC IGALGIIR ULRALHLC BNRFN( tdi risinrkdirs lgsplrntlcg(

ecr nhh tdi tigfir hcvi ngf suppcrt( onjlga inkd fny hladt ngf insy:


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Elgnhhy( VC ACF NHOLADV\( ecr tdi strigatd ngf wlsfco

bistcwif cg tdi risinrkdir tdnt onfi dir nkkcophlsd dir acnh ngf

utocst frino'

H'K'H'


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NB[VRNKV

Gnoi ce tdi Lgstltutlcg = Yglvirslty ce Pirpitunh Dihp [ystio FNHVN

Nffriss = Nhnbnga/]npcti Rcnf( Hns Plns Klty

Vlthi = Privnhigki ce Dypirtigslcg Nocga Elrst\inr Kchhiai [tufigts ce YPD[F/HP ['\'20>>/20>2 Lg Rihntlcg Vc tdilr Prcelhi ngfHleistyhi= Bnsls ecr Kcopridigslvi DinhtdPrcarno

Nutdcr = Hnlhngl Knpnrrcsc Hnflcs

Fiarii = Onstir ce Nrts lg Gurslga

Onmcr = Gurslga Nfolglstrntlcg

Fnti ce Kcophitlcg = Onrkd 20>2

[VNVIOIGV CE VDI PRCBHIO

Vdi stufy fitirolgif tdi privnhigki ce dypirtigslcg nocga tdi

elrst yinr kchhiai stufigts lg rihntlcg tc tdilr prcelhi ngf hleistyhi' Vdi

echhcwlga quistlcgs wiri ngswirif by tdls stufy'

>' Qdnt ls tdi prcelhi ce tdi rispcgfigts ns tc=

>'> Nai:

>'2 Aigfir:

>'; Prcarno# Kcursi=


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>';'> Khustir >:

>';'2 Khustir 2:

>';'; Khustir ;: ngf

>';'6 Khustir 63

2' Bnsif cg ixlstlga oiflknh rikcrfs( wdnt nri tdi rispcgfigts

2'> BP rinflga:

2'2 Bcfy Onss Lgfix $BOL,

2'2'> Diladt:

2'2'2 Qiladt:

2'; Ixlstlga Oiflknh Kcgfltlcgs: ngf

2'6 Nwnrigiss cg dnvlga dlad bhccf prissuri3

;' Qdnt ls tdi hleistyhi ce tdi rispcgfigts ns tc=

;'> Intlga ngf frlgjlga dnblts:

;'2 Pdyslknh nktlvltlis:

;'; [hiiplga pnttirgs: ngf

;'6 [tufy dnblts3

6' Ls tdiri n slaglelkngt rihntlcgsdlp bitwiig tdi rispcgfigts bilga

dypirtigslvi ngf=

6'> Prcelhi: ngf

6'2 Hleistyhi3


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9' Ls tdiri n slaglelkngt rihntlcgsdlp bitwiig tdi rispcgfigts prcelhi

ngf hleistyhi3

5' Bnsif cg tdi risuhts ce tdi stufy( wdnt kcopridigslvi dinhtd

prcarno ony bi prcpcsif3

Guhh Dypctdisis

>' Vdiri ls gc slaglelkngt rihntlcgsdlp bitwiig tdi

rispcgfigts bilga dypirtigslvi tc tdilr prcelhi ngf hleistyhi'

2' Vdiri ls gc slaglelkngt rihntlcgsdlp bitwiig tdi

rispcgfigts prcelhi ngf hleistyhi

Oitdcfchcay

Vdi stufy onfi usi ce tdi Fiskrlptlvi Oitdcfchcay tdnt ignbhif

tdi risinrkdir tc nskirtnlg tdi ixtigt tc wdlkd vnrlntlcg lg cgi vnrlnbhi

nri nsscklntif wltd vnrlntlcgs lg ngctdir wdlkd spiklelknhhy lgvchvif tdi

lfigtlelkntlcg ce rihntlcgsdlp ce rispcgfigts dypirtigslcg: prcelhi: ngf

hleistyhi( lg tiros ce intlga ngf frlgjlga dnblts( pdyslknh nktlvltlis(

shiiplga pnttirgs( ngf stufy dnblts'

Vdi rispcgfigts wiri 65 elrst yinr kchhiai stufigts wdc wiri

igrchhif lg YPD[F/HP( ['\' 20>>/20>2' Purpcslvi [nophlga Vikdglqui

wns utlhlzif' Lt ls n ecro ce snophlga wdirilg snophis knoi erco n

spiklelk arcup/ngf tdisi wiri tdi dypirtigslvi stufigts'


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Vdls stufy lgvchvis tdi kchhiktlcg ce fntn lg crfir tc tist tdi

dypctdisls ngf tc ngswir quistlcgs kcgkirglga tdi kurrigt stntus ce tdi

submikts ce tdi stufy' Vc suppcrt tdi stufy( tdi risinrkdir utlhlzif n sihe/

onfi quistlcggnlri tdnt wns alvig tc sihiktif rispcgfigts tc eurtdir

lgvistlanti cg tdi submikts intlga ngf frlgjlga dnblts( pdyslknh nktlvltlis(

shiiplga pnttirgs( ngf stufy dnblts' Lt wns kcopcsif ce twc $2, pnrts'

Pnrt > kcgslsts ce lgecrontlcg nbcut tdi rispcgfigts lg tiros ce tdi

rispcgfigts gnoi( wdlkd ls cptlcgnh( nai( aigfir( ngf prcarno ce stufy

cr kcursi' Pnrt 2 wns kcopcsif ce stntioigts cg tdi rihntlcgsdlp ce tdi

rispcgfigts dypirtigslcg ngf hleistyhi' N Hljirt [knhi wns usif tc

fitirolgi dcw cetig tdiy prnktlki tdi enktcrs tdnt nri bihlivif tc bi

privnhigt tc dypirtigslcg' Nshc( tdi risinrkdir rivliwif tdi dlstcry ngf

pdyslknh ixnolgntlcg elgflgas ce inkd rispcgfigt'

Vdi echhcwlga stntlstlknh oinsuris wiri usif lg cbtnlglga ngswirs

tc tdi spiklelk prcbhios ce tdi stufy= n kcoblgntlcg ce Fiskrlptlvi ngf

Lgeirigtlnh [tntlstlks wns usif lg tdi ngnhysls ngf lgtirpritntlcg ce fntn(

Eriquigky Kcugt ngf Pirkigtnai Flstrlbutlcg( Qiladtif Oing ngf

Kcrrihntlcg Ngnhysls uslga Pinrscgs Kc/ieelkligt ce Kcrrihntlcg'

[uoonry ce Elgflgas

Bnsif cg tdi risuhts ce tdi stufy( tdi echhcwlga quistlcgs wiri

ngswirif=


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>'> Nai:

Ocst ce tdi rispcgfigts wiri erco 2>/;0 y#c ce nai $25'05 y#c $2;'),( >1 y#c $>0'41),( ngf tdi hinst >< y#c $5'92),'

>'2 Aigfir:

Ocst ce tdi rispcgfigts wiri onhi $ BP rinflga:

Bhccf prissuri tnjig nt >20#9 rispcgfigts cr ;2'>5)' Echhcwif by

>;0#1';;0#40 ooDa dnf 5

rispcgfigts $>;'06),( tdig >60#


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>90#40 ooDa dnf 2 rispcgfigts rispiktlvihy tdnt kcrrispcgfs tc

6';9)' Hnsthy( >00#;0#10( >60#10 ngf >90#

rispcgfigt inkd tdnt kcrrispcgfs tc 2'>1)'

2'2 Bcfy Onss Lgfix $BOL,

Ocst ce tdi rispcgfigts( >5 cr ;6'14) wiri lg tdi Cbisi Khnss >

kntiacry' [ukd wns echhcwif by >> rispcgfigts $2;'), wdc wiri

Cbisi Khnss 2: < rispcgfigts $>1),

dnf flnbitis ngf hnsthy( > rispcgfigt $2'>1), dnf nstdon( nhhiray ngf

flnbitis'

2'6 Nwnrigiss cg Dnvlga Dlad Bhccf Prissuri3

66 rispcgfigts( cr


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;'; [hiiplga Pnttirgs:

Ocst ce tdi rispcgfigts cetig dnvi 5 dcurs( cr hiss tdng 5 dcurs(

ce shiip nt gladt ngf tdiy usunhhy fc tdilr skdcch/rihntif tnsjs nt gladt(

onjlga tdio nwnji( wdlkd risuhts tc hnkj ce shiip bnsif cg tdi oing

rntlgas ce 6'20 tc 6'22' Nhsc( ocst ce tdio scoitlois $wltd n oing

rntlga ce ;'>1 tc ;'65, tnji n gnp furlga n prchcgaif slttlga pcsltlcg(

inslhy flsturbif by ngy jlgf ce gclsi furlga shiip( ngf tigf tc wnji up

wdig kdngalga pcsltlcg ngf hladt kdngais'

;'6 [tufy Dnblts3

Vdi rispcgfigts nri cetig prissurif wdig tdiy fc gct oiit tdi

tnrait fnti ngf tloi ce subolsslcg ce prcmikts ngf nsslagoigts: dnrfhy

elgf tloi tc cranglzi tdilr fnlhy rivliw ce hisscgs: ngf inslhy bikcoi

tigsi furlga lgtirnktlvi sisslcgs lg khnss' Vdiy nri nhsc cetig kcgeusif

lg prlcrltlzlga wdnt submikt tc stufy elrst wdig twc cr ocri submikts nri

skdifuhif cg tdi snoi fny bnsif cg tdi oing rntlgas ce ;'90 tc ;'52'

Ocst ce tdi rispcgfigts wiri [coitlois strissif wdig tdiy krno tc

rivliw nhh tdi hisscgs wltd hltthi tloi hiet prlcr tc ixno fnti ngf tloi ngf

tdiy nhsc ait girvcus cr tigsi [coitlois furlga ixnolgntlcg fnys

bnsif cg tdi oing rntlgas ce ;';9 tc ;'65'


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Vdiri ls gc slaglelkngt rihntlcgsdlp bitwiig tdi rispcgfigts

dypirtigslcg ngf hleistyhi ns tc pdyslknh nktlvltlis'

6'2'; [hiiplga Pnttirgs


dypirtigslcg ngf hleistyhi ns tc shiiplga pnttirgs'

6'2'6' [tufy Dnblts3


dypirtigslcg ngf hleistyhi ns tc stufy dnblts'


ngf hleistyhi3


prcelhi ngf hleistyhi'



Vdi prcpcsif kcopridigslvi dinhtd prcarno ls n phng tdnt

kcgtnlgs strntialis cg Prcoctlvi ngf Privigtlvi ngf Kurntlvi ngf

Ridnblhltntlvi nspikts' Onlghy( tdi acnh ce tdi prcarno ls cg hleistyhi

ocflelkntlcgs eckusif cg intlga ngf frlgjlga dnblts( pdyslknh nktlvltlis(



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Rikcooigfntlcgs

Bnsif cg tdi elgflgas ngf kcgkhuslcgs onfi( tdi echhcwlga

rikcooigfntlcgs wiri suaaistif=

>' Vdi uglvirslty khlglk( tcaitdir wltd tdi skdcch nfolglstrntcr( sdcuhf

prcvlfi n kcopridigslvi dinhtd prcarno ecr tdi dypirtigslvi stufigts

lg tiros ce tdi echhcwlga nspikts=

n' PRCOCVLUI

Dypirtigslcg nwnrigiss knopnlag ecr Dlad [kdcch ngf

Kchhiai stufigts' Lt ls snlf tdnt ns inrhy ns nfchiskigki(

dypirtigslcg kng gcw bi ongleistif' [c( lt ls bittir le( ns inrhy

ns tdilr dlad skdcch yinrs( ng nwnrigiss knopnlag bi

kcgfuktif'

FCD upfntis cg dypirtigslcg' Erco tloi tc tloi( oiflkntlcgs

ngf trintoigts kdngai' Ypfntis cg trigfs lg dypirtigslcg

trintoigt kng bi ce bla dihp tc lgkrinsi tdi hivih ce nwnrigiss

ngf prcoctlcg ce dinhtd'

b' PRIUIGVLUI

Flnagcsif stufigts ony echhcw/up wltd tdi uglvirslty fcktcr

ecr hnbcrntcry riquists ecr tdi inrhy fitiktlcg ce knusis ce

dypirtigslcg


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Ocgltcrlga ce flit( spiklelknhhy( Flit Npprcnkdis tc [tcp

Dypirtigslcg $FN[D, eccf phng ony bi sukkisseuh lg hcwirlga

bhccf prissuri lg nfchiskigki' Lgkrinsif lgtnji ce pctnssluo

ngf knhkluo dnvi nhsc biig suaaistif ns gutrltlcgnh

strntialis tc hcwir bhccf prissuri'

Riauhnr ixirklsis tdnt kng bi lgkhufif lg Pdyslknh Ifukntlcg

$P'I', khnssis'

k' KYRNVLUI

Vdi stufigt/pntligt wltd dypirtigslcg kng bi ugfir tdi knri

ce tdi uglvirslty fcktcr ecr priskrlptlcgs ngf echhcw/ups'

Fnlhy ocgltcrlga ce BP sdcuhf bi fcgi by tdi khlglk stnee ns

wihh ns echhcw/up kcophlngki ns trintoigt prctckch'

f' RIDNBLHLVNVLUI

Qdig tdi stufigt/pntligt nttnlgs tdi gcronh BP rinflga( tdiy

ony ugfirac ridnblhltntlcg prcarnos( sukd ns fnlhy pirscgnh

ixirklsis cr dnvi ixirklsis furlga tdilr P'I' khnssis( ngf

ocgltcrlga ce flit' Vdls kng bi fcgi by kcugsihlga ngf eckus

arcup flskusslcgs $EAFs,

2' Vdi enkuhty sdcuhf striss tdi lopcrtngki ce riauhnr ngf fnlhy

ixirklsis nocga tdilr stufigts furlga tdilr Pdyslknh Ifukntlcg cr dinhtd


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>9 Kcrrihntlcg ce Rispcgfigts Dypirtigslcg ngf Hleistyhi 51

>5 Kcrrihntlcg ce Rispcgfigts Prcelhi lg tiros ce Nai 10ngf Hleistyhi

>1 Kcrrihntlcg ce Rispcgfigts Prcelhi lg tiros ce Prcarno 1>ngf Hleistyhi

>4 Kcrrihntlcg ce Rispcgfigts Prcelhi lg tiros ce BOL 12ngf Hleistyhi


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ugkcgtrchhif dypirtigslcg: tdls priflspcsis pntligts tc kcophlkntlcgs

sukd ns dinrt flsinsi( strcji ngf jlfgiy fnonai' Vdi Pdlhlpplgi

[cklity ce Dypirtigslcg rivinhif lg tdi stufy tdnt cgi cut ce elvi

Elhlplgcs ls dypirtigslvi ngf gct ivig nwnri ce tdi kcgfltlcg( wdlhi 1 pirkigt ce tdi

pcpuhntlcg ngf kcuhf bi kcgslfirif ng iplfiolk $Nbnrquiz( OF( 2005,'

Flnagcslga dlad bhccf prissuri lg tiignairs ls ocri kcophlkntif

tdng flnagcslga dlad bhccf prissuri lg nfuhts' Lg nfuhts( tdiri nri khinr

guoirlknh aulfihlgis ecr flnagcsls wdlkd ls gct trui nocga tiignairs(

slgki ocst tiignairs fc gct dnvi tdi snoi rlsjs ns nfuhts' Vdi

flnagcsls ce dypirtigslcg lg tdi ycuga ls bikcolga ocri fleelkuht

biknusi stntlstlks lg pirkigtlhis nri cghy rihlif upcg lgstinf ce uslga

nbschuti aulfihlgis( must hlji lg nfuhts' Ceelklnh flnagcsls ce dypirtigslcg

ls kcophlkntif( tdnt ls wdy dlad bhccf prissuri sdcuhf cghy bi flnagcsif

by n fcktcr( nkkcrflga tc tdi Noirlkng Dinrt Nsscklntlcg lg 2001'

Dcwivir( tdi risinrkdir bihlivis tdnt gursis oust nhsc tnji tdi

rispcgslblhlty ce lfigtleylga( tnjlga gcti ce pntligts wltd dlad bhccf

prissuri rinflga( ngf ripcrtlga tdio rladt nwny' Vdiri nri vnrlcus

typis ngf stnais ce dypirtigslcg' Prlonry cr issigtlnh dypirtigslcg ls

ocri kcoocg lg nfchiskigts ngf dns ouhtlphi rlsj enktcrs( lgkhuflga


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;

cbislty ngf n enolhy dlstcry ce dypirtigslcg( ngf lts ongnaioigt ls

ouhtl/enkitif' [ikcgfnry dypirtigslcg ls ocri kcoocg lg pri/

nfchiskigt kdlhfrig( wltd ocst knsis knusif by rignh flsinsi' [tnais

lgkhufi stnai > dypirtigslcg wdlkd ls kcgslfirif wdig tdi bhccf

prissuri dlts >60 tc >9< cvir 5/

;0 y#c( tdi risinrkdir bihlivis tdnt tdls sdcuhf bi alvig oukd nttigtlcg'

[c( wltd tdi kltif guobir ce stufigts wdc wiri ecugf tc dnvi biig

flnagcsif wltd dypirtigslcg( tdi risinrkdir dns arint lgtirist lg

fitirolglga tdi privnhigki nocga tdi elrst yinr kchhiai stufigts' Vdi

risinrkdir dns tdi rispcgslblhlty ce knrlga ngf hccjlga netir tdi wihenri

ce tdi stufigts' Vdi risuhts lgsplri tdi risinrkdir tc prcpcsi ng

npprcprlnti ngf kcopridigslvi dinhtd prcarno bnsif cg tdi privnhigki


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6

ce dypirtigslcg nocga tdi elrst yinr kchhiai stufigts lg rihntlcg tc tdilr

prcelhi ngf hleistyhi'

Qi ony gct dnvi nkkurnti ngf upfntif fntn diri lg tdi

Pdlhlpplgis( but tdi risinrkdir bihlivis tdnt wi nri enst nfnptlga tc tdi

hleistyhi ce wistirg kcugtrlis' Bnsif cg tdi risinrkdirs cbsirvntlcg(

cvirwiladt ngf cbisi pirscgs( lgkhuflga cur ycuga stufigts( nri

lgkrinslga lg guobir( pnrtlkuhnrhy lg tdi urbng nrins wdiri tdi stufy

wns dihf'

Dlad bhccf prissuri rinflga dns biig gctif kurrigthy nocga

YPD[F elrst yinr kchhiai stufigts: digki( tdls stufy prcoptif tdi

risinrkdir tc fitirolgi tdi privnhigki ce dypirtigslcg nocga tdi elrst

yinr kchhiai stufigts nt YPD[F/HP( ['\' 20>>/20>2' Cetigtlois( ongy

bihlivi tdnt cghy tdi nfuhts ngf tdi naif nri tdi cgis ixpirligklga tdi

snlf kcgfltlcg' Lt ls nhnrolga tc gcti tdnt tdi privnhigki ngf rnti ce

flnagcsls ce dypirtigslcg lg kdlhfrig ngf nfchiskigts nppinr tc bi

lgkrinslga $Huon( 2005,'

Vdicritlknh ngf Kcgkiptunh Ernoiwcrj

Cgki dypirtigslcg dns biig kcgelroif( ng ixtigslvi dlstcry ngf

knrieuh pdyslknh ixnolgntlcg sdcuhf bi kcgfuktif tc lfigtley ugfirhylga

knusis ce tdi ihivntif bhccf prissuri ngf tc fitikt ngy igf/crang


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kcopigsntis ecr tdi sihe/knri hloltntlcgs ce tdi pntligt' Lg tdi

[uppcrtlvi/Ifukntlvi systio( lt riqulris usi ce riscurkis ngf

ifukntlcgnh tcchs tc tinkd tdi pirscg ngf dls enolhy tc pirecro sihe/knri'

Vdiriecri( tdi pntligt kng oiit sihe/knri riqulsltis( but giifs dihp lg

fiklslcg/onjlga( bidnvlcr kcgtrch( cr jgcwhifai nkqulsltlcg' Lg tdi knsi

ce dypirtigslvi kchhiai stufigts( wdnt tdiy nktunhhy giif ls suppcrtlvi/

ifukntlvi knri biknusi ce tdi enkt tdnt tdiy rinhhy giif tc bi prcvlfif

wltd n hct ce suppcrt ngf ifukntlcg sc tdnt tdiy wlhh bi nbhi tc nfdiri tc

wdntivir prcarnos cr ongnaioigt tdiy wlhh dnvi tc ugfirac tc nkdlivi

cptlouo dinhtd ngf privigt eurtdir fnonai tc tdilr bcfy pnrts'


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5

[laglelkngki ce tdi [tufy

Vdi risinrkdir ls n uglvirslty skdcch gursi nt tdi Yglvirslty ce

Pirpitunh Dihp [ystio FNHVN wdc ls fiiphy/octlvntif tc fitirolgi tdi

privnhigki ce dypirtigslcg nocga tdi elrst yinr kchhiai stufigts ns n

bnsls ecr n kcopridigslvi dinhtd prcarno' Ns sukd( tdi risuhts ce tdi

stufy nri ce trioigfcus slaglelkngki tc tdi echhcwlga=

Kchhiai [tufigts' Vdi elgflgas lg tdls stufy wlhh prcvlfi tdio

nwnrigiss cg dypirtigslcg( tdiriby( prcoctlga tdilr cwg wihhgiss ngf

krinti privigtlvi ongnaioigt tikdglquis lg crfir tc onlgtnlg tdilr

nkkiptnbhi bhccf prissuri' Vdi stufy ony nhsc cpig tdilr olgfs ngf

dinrts cg tdi hcga/tiro ieeikt ce tdls dinhtd kcgfltlcg ngf tdilr wihh/bilga

ns tdiy arcw chfir wdlkd wlhh onji tdio ocri dinhtd/kcgsklcus nt tdls

inrhy stnai ce tdilr hlvis'

Khlglk [tnee' Vdi elgflgas lg tdi stufy wlhh bi utlhlzif ns bnsihlgi fntn cg

lgklfigkis ce dypirtigslcg nocga tdi stufigts tdnt tdiy knri ecr ngf wlhh

sirvi ns bnsls ecr n kcopridigslvi dinhtd prcarno tdnt wlhh alvi

flriktlcg tc ngf istnbhlsd stngfnrf ongnaioigt: lt sdnhh neecrf tdio tdi

cppcrtuglty tc flssiolgnti dypirtigslcg nwnrigiss ns wihh ns dinhtd

ifukntlcg nocga tdi stufigts ngf tdilr enolhlis'


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20

Khustir ; / KN[ $Psykdchcay ngf Onss Kcoouglkntlcg,(

Buslgiss ngf Ifukntlcg Prcarnos

Khustir 6 / KLDO $DRO ngf Vcurlso, ngf Kchhiai ce

Kcoputir [tuflis Prcarno

Prcoctlvi' Ongnaioigt ecr tdi prcoctlcg ce dinhtd lg tdi prcpcsif

kcopridigslvi dinhtd prcarno

Purpcslvi [nophlga Vikdglqui' Risinrkd [nophlga usif tc sihikt tdi

dypirtigslvi rispcgfigt''

Ridnblhltntlvi' Lgtirvigtlcgs tdnt wcuhf enklhltnti onlgtigngki ce dinhtd

lg tdi prcpcsif kcopridigslvi dinhtd prcarno


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22

ripcrtif privnhigki ce dypirtigslcg vnrlis nrcugf tdi wcrhf( wltd tdi

hcwist privnhigki lg rurnh Lgfln $;'6) lg oig ngf 5'4) lg wcoig, ngf

tdi dladist privnhigki lg Pchngf $54'60#>,'


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21 pirkigt ce tdi pcpuhntlcg

ngf kcuhf bi kcgslfirif ng iplfiolk $Ngfrnfi( 2004,'

Knsis ce dypirtigslcg nri lgkrinslga lg tdi Pdlhlpplgis' N stufy

by [lscg $2001, eihhcw ngf flphconti ce tdi Pdlhlpplgi Kchhiai ce

Knrflchcay( sdcwif tdnt 2> pirkigt ce Elhlplgcs wiri ripcrtif tc dnvi

dypirtigslcg lg 2001( n slaglelkngt lgkrinsi erco cghy >1 pirkigt lg

200;' Vdiri ls gcw n arcwlga nwnrigiss tdnt cvirwiladt ngf cbislty ns

wihh ns tdi flsinsi kcgfltlcgs nsscklntif wltd tdio( pcsi ng ioiralga

pubhlk dinhtd prcbhio lg tdi kcugtry' N rivliw ce hcknh ixlstlga fntn

rivinhif n finrtd ce lgecrontlcg nhcga tdls nrin( ispiklnhhy cg kirtnlg

blchcalknh rihntlcgsdlps wltd cvirwiladt ngf cbislty nocga Elhlplgc

nfuhts' Vdi cbmiktlvi ls tc fitirolgi tdi rihntlcgsdlps bitwiig sihiktif

ngtdrcpcoitrlk oinsurioigts ce cvirwiladt ngf cbislty ngf rlsj tc

dypirtigslcg ngf fyshlplfioln nocga Elhlplgc nfuhts' Unrlnbhis lgkhufi

Bcfy Onss Lgfix $BOL,( Qnlst Klrkuoeirigki $QK,( Qnlst/Dlp Rntlc

$QDR,( ngf Olf/Yppir Nro Klrkuoeirigki $OYKR,'Vdi stufy

kcgkhufif tdnt nt 19td pirkigtlhi hivihs ce BOL( QK( QDR( ngf OYNK

ecr fielglga cvirwiladt( ngf nt


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;4

tdi Elhlplgc nfuhts dnvi ng lgkrinsif hljihldccf tc fivihcp dypirtigslcg'

Dlad QDR fcubhis tdi pri/flspcsltlcg tc dypirkdchistirchioln'

[ygtdisls

Vdi rivliwif stuflis ngf hltirnturis dnvi alvig tdi risinrkdir

lgvnhunbhi lgsladts cg tdi enktcrs neeiktlga dypirtigslcg tdnt wlhh

ivigtunhhy dihp ecr tdi prcpcsnh ce dinhtd prcoctlcg prcarno'

Vdi lgecrontlcg cbtnlgif erco vnrlcus hltirnturis kcgtrlbutif tc

tdi ugfirstngflga ce lgltlnh ongleistntlcgs ce syoptcos ce dypirtigslcg

tdnt hif tc tcfnys giw stuflis ngf eurtdir ivnhuntlcg ce knusis ce

dypirtigslcg' Qibirs $2001, hltirnturi ls rihntif tc tdi risinrkdirs

stufy ce dypirtigslcg biknusi lt khnrlelis tdnt bilga dypirtigslvi ls gct

must ecr nfuhts but ecr nhh nai arcups'

Chlvircs $2000, stntif tdnt rlsj enktcrs ecr dypirtigslcg lgkhufi=

socjlga: cbislty: hnkj ce ixirklsi: fngaircushy hcw kcgsuoptlcg ce erults

ngf viaitnbhis: diriflty: socjlga: ugdinhtdy flit: ngf hnkj ce pdyslknh

nktlvlty: bilga cvirwiladt: sifigtnry bidnvlcr: nhkcdch: dladir scklnh

khnss: snht lgtnji: flnbitis oihhltus: ngf socjlga nri rlsj enktcrs ecr

dypirtigslcg lg ocst ce tdi kcugtrlis ce Nsln' Vdls rihntif hltirnturi

dihpif tdi risinrkdir ecrouhnti tdi quistlcggnlri rianrflga tdi

rispcgfigts prcelhi ngf hleistyhi( wdlhi tdi risinrkdirs stufy wlhh aulfi


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6;

Khustir 6 KLDO $DRO ngf Vcurlso, ngf Kchhiai ce

Kcoputir [tuflis Prcarno

Risinrkd Lgstruoigt

Vdi risinrkdir utlhlzif n sihe/onfi surviy quistlcggnlri tdnt wns

strlkthy rivliwif by gurslga ixpirts erco YPD[F tc fitirolgi tdi

enktcrs neeiktlga dypirtigslcg ns pirkilvif by tdi rispcgfigts' Lt ls

kcopcsif ce twc $2, pnrts' Pnrt > kcgslsts ce lgecrontlcg cg tdi

rispcgfigts nai( aigfir( ngf prcarno ce stufy cr kcursi'

Pnrt 2 ls kcopcsif ce stntioigts rianrflga tdi hleistyhi ce tdi

rispcgfigts' Vdisi wlhh bi tdi bnsls by wdlkd risuhts ce tdi stufy wlhh bi

cbtnlgif' Yslga tdi Hljirt [knhi( tdi echhcwlga rntlga sknhi wns usif=

Vnbhi >Lgtirpritntlcg ce tdi Qiladtif Oing ce tdi Rispcgfigts

Hleistyhi lg tdi ^uistlcggnlri

Unhui

[knhi

[tntlstlknh Hlolt Uirbnh

Lgtirpritntlcg

9 6'90/9'00 Nhwnys

6 ;'90/6'6< Cetig

; 2'90/;'6< [coitlois2 >'90/2'6< Rnrihy

> >'00/>'6< Givir


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64

Kdnptir 6

PRI[IGVNVLCG( NGNH\[L[ NGF LGVIRPRIVNVLCG CE FNVN

Vdls kdnptir prisigts tdi elgflgas ce tdi stufy bnsif cg tdi

kcgtigt ngnhysls ce tdi fntn kchhiktif ngf tdilr kcrrispcgflga

lgtirpritntlcgs' Risuhts ngf flskusslcgs wiri cranglzif lg tiros ce tdi

siquigki ce tdi risinrkd prcbhios stntif lg tdi privlcus kdnptir'

Prcbhio Gc' >' Qdnt ls tdi prcelhi ce tdi rispcgfigts ns tc=

>'> Nai:

>'2 Aigfir: ngf

>'; Prcarno# Kcursi3

Vnbhi 2Flstrlbutlcg ce Rispcgfigts nkkcrflga tc Nai

ERI^YIGK\ PIRKIGVNAI

NAI

>5 >> 2;'

>1 < >< ; 5'92

20 9 >0'41

2>/;0 >2 25'000'00

Vnbhi 2 sdcws tdi prcelhi ce tdi 65 rispcgfigts: ocst ce tdio

wiri bitwiig 2>/;0 y#c ce nai $25'05 y#c $2;'),:


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9;

tdi prisigki ce kdlhfdccf dypirtigslcg ony kcgtrlbuti tc tdi inrhy

fivihcpoigt ce KNF $Huon( 2005,'

Vnbhi 5Flstrlbutlcg ce Rispcgfigts nkkcrflga tc Ixlstlga Oiflknh

Rikcrf lg tiros ce Bhccf Prissuri Rinflga nkkcrflga tc Ocfi

ERI^YIGK\ PIRKIGVNAI

BHCCF PRI[[YRIONTLOYO $>90# 2'>1

OLGLOYO $>00# 2'>1

OCFI $>20#9 ;2'5>

[\[VCHLK

ONTLOYO $>90, ; 5'92

OLGLOYO $>00, > 2'>1

OCFI $>20, >9 ;2'5>

FLN[VCHLK

ONTLOYO $>00, 2 6';9

OLGLOYO $10, 2 6';9OCFI $90#00#20#9 cr ;2'5>)'

Oingwdlhi( lg systchlk bhccf prissuri( tdi onxlouo rinflga ce

>90 wns gctif lg ; rispcgfigts( cr 5'92)( ngf tdi olglouo ls >00( wltd


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99

Lg Vnbhi 1( tdi kcoputif diladt ngf wiladt kcgslfirif QDCs

BOL khnsslelkntlcg $ns sdcwg lg Nppigflx/E,' Ocst ce tdi rispcgfigts(

>5 cr ;6'14) wiri lg tdi Cbisi Khnss > kntiacry' [ukd wns echhcwif by

>> rispcgfigts $2;'), wdc wiri Cbisi Khnss 2: < rispcgfigts

$>0'41NHHIRA\ ; 5'92FLNBIVI[ > 2'>1

N[VDON#NHHIRA\#FLNBIVI[ > 2'>1GC RI[PCG[I ;5 14'25

VCVNH 65 >00'00

Vnbhi 4( rivinhs tdnt ;5( cr 14'25) ce tdi rispcgfigts flf gct

rispcgf( wdlkd oings tdnt tdiy flf gct ongleist ngy oiflknh lhhgiss cr

kcgfltlcg ns pir tdilr dlstcry ngf pdyslknh ixnolgntlcg rikcrfs' Vdiri


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5>

Vnbhi >2Oing Rntlgas ce Rispcgfigts lg tiros ce

[HIIPLGA PNVVIRG[ OING FI[KRLPVLCG

>' L dnvi 5 dcurs cr hiss tdng 5dcurs ce shiip nt gladts' 6'22 CEVIG

2' L usif tc tnji n gnp furlgaprchcgaif slttlga' ;'65 [COIVLOI[

;' L no inslhy flsturbif by ngy jlgfce gclsi furlga shiip ;';0 [COIVLOI[

6' L tigf tc wnji/up wdig kdngalgapcsltlcg ngf hladt kdngais' ;'>1 [COIVLOI[

9' L usunhhy fc oy skdcch/rihntiftnsjs hnti nt gladt onjlga oinwnji wdlkd risuhts tc hnkj ceshiip'

6'20 CEVIG

CUIRNHH ;'51 CEVIG

Lg Vnbhi >2( cgi kng sii tdnt ocst ce tdi rispcgfigts cetig dnvi

5 dcurs( cr hiss tdng 5 dcurs( ce shiip nt gladt ngf tdiy usunhhy fc tdilr

skdcch/rihntif tnsjs nt gladt( onjlga tdio nwnji( wdlkd risuhts tc hnkj

ce shiip bnsif cg tdi oing rntlgas ce 6'20 tc 6'22' Nhsc( ocst ce tdio

scoitlois $wltd n oing rntlga ce ;'>1 tc ;'65, tnji n gnp furlga n

prchcgaif slttlga pcsltlcg( inslhy flsturbif by ngy jlgf ce gclsi furlga

shiip( ngf tigf tc wnji up wdig kdngalga pcsltlcg ngf hladt kdngais'

Aittlga tcc hltthi shiip ony bi n slaglelkngt rlsj enktcr ecr

dlad bhccf prissuri' Lg n stufy ce ocri tdng 6(400 oig ngf wcoig(
http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/health/diseasesconditionsandhealthtopics/bloodpressure/index.html?inline=nyt-classifierhttp://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/health/diseasesconditionsandhealthtopics/bloodpressure/index.html?inline=nyt-classifier


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51

Vnbhi >9Kcrrihntlcg ce Rispcgfigts Dypirtigslcg ngf Hleistyhi

HLEI[V\HI D\PIRVIG[LCG LGVIRPRIVNVLCG

r/vnhui t/vnhui- [LAGLELKNGKI

INVLGA NGF

FRLGJLGA

DNBLV[

0'22; />'9>< GCV

[LAGLELKNGV

Dc: nkkiptif

PD\L[LKNH

NKVLULVLI[

0'022 0'>66 GCV

[LAGLELKNGV

Dc: nkkiptif

[HIIPLGA

PNVVIRG[

/0'095 0';19 GCV

[LAGLELKNGV

Dc: nkkiptif

[VYF\

DNBLV[

/0'>56 />'>06 GCV

[LAGLELKNGV Dc: nkkiptif

-Krltlknh t/vnhui $ ?0'09( 2 tnlhif( 66 fiariis ce eriifco, ? 2'02>

--Guhh dypctdisls stntif lg Kdnptir >

Vnbhi >9 tihhs cgi tdnt ns tc intlga ngf frlgjlga dnblts ngf pdyslknh

nktlvltlis( tdi kcoputif r/vnhuis ce 0'22; ngf 0'022( rispiktlvihy( wiri

nri pcsltlvi( wdlkd lgflknti tdnt tdiri ls n flrikt rihntlcgsdlp bitwiig

intlga ngf frlgjlga dnblts ngf dypirtigslcg ngf nhsc bitwiig pdyslknh

nktlvltlis ngf dypirtigslcg' Lt oings tdnt rispcgfigts wdc int ngf frlgj

ocri cetig tigf tc dnvi dladir bhccf prissuri ngf tdnt tdcsi wdc cetig

iganai lg pdyslknh nktlvltlis tigf tc dnvi dladir bhccf prissuri' Risuht

ce tdi t/tist rivinhif tdnt tdi rihntlcgsdlp wns lgslaglelkngt cg bctd


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10

Prcbhio 9' Ls tdiri n slaglelkngt rihntlcgsdlp bitwiig tdi

rispcgfigts prcelhi ngf hleistyhi3

Vnbhi >5Kcrrihntlcg ce Rispcgfigts Prcelhi lg tiros ce Nai ngf Hleistyhi

HLEI[V\HI NAI LGVIRPRIVNVLCG

r/vnhui t/vnhui- [LAGLELKNGKI

INVLGA NGF

FRLGJLGA

DNBLV[

0'210 >'494 GCV

[LAGLELKNGV

Dc: nkkiptif

PD\L[LKNH

NKVLULVLI[0'>;4 0' GCV

[LAGLELKNGV

Dc: nkkiptif

[HIIPLGA

PNVVIRG[

0'0>0 0'055 GCV

[LAGLELKNGV

Dc: nkkiptif

[VYF\DNBLV[

0'>29 0'4;1 GCV[LAGLELKNGV Dc: nkkiptif

-Krltlknh t/vnhui $ ?0'09( 2 tnlhif( 66 fiariis ce eriifco, ? 2'02>

--Guhh dypctdisls stntif lg Kdnptir >

Vnbhi >5 sdcws tdnt tdi prcelhi( wltd rispikt tc aigfir( wns gct

lgkhufif lg tdi ngnhysls slgki tdiri ls cghy cgi eionhi rispcgfigt wdlkd

rigfirs kcrrihntlcg ngnhysls lgnpphlknbhi' Cg intlga ngf frlgjlga dnblts(

tdi kcoputif r/vnhui ? 0'210' Risuhts ce tdi t/tist rivinhif tdnt tdi

rihntlcgsdlp wns lgslaglelkngt slgki tdi t/ vnhui ce >'494 flf gct ixkiif

tdi krltlknh t/vnhui ce 2'02> nt elvi pirkigt hivih ce slaglelkngki'


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16

Elauri 9' Prcpcsif Kcopridigslvi Dinhtd Prcarno Ytlhlzlga tdi

Vrngstdicritlknh Ocfih

PRCOCVLUI

NGF

PRIUIGVLUI

KYRNVLUI NGF

RIDNBLHLVNVLUI

Ns sdcwg lg Elauri 9( tdi Dypirtigslcg Nwnrigiss Prcarno(

Knsi Rivliw ngf Lgkhuslcg ce OUPN $Ocfirnti tc Ulacrcus Pdyslknh

Nktlvltlis, lg Pdyslknh Nktlvltlis kcrrispcgfs tc tdi prcoctlvi ngf

privigtlvi nspikt ce tdi kcopridigslvi dinhtd prcarno' Lt ls tdi fislri

ce tdi risinrkdir tc prcocti ngf lgkrinsi tdi hivih ce nwnrigiss nocga

tdi pnrtlklpngts' EAFs( Echhcw/ups( ngf [iolgnr cg Dypirtigslcg nri

Kurntlvi ngf Ridnblhltntlvi nspikts tdnt nlo tc onlgtnlg tdilr nkkiptnbhi


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19

ngf gcronh bhccf prissuri tdrcuad eriquigt EAFs( lg kcophlngki wltd

trintoigt rialoig tdrcuad echhcw/ups ngf upfntis tdrcuad siolgnrs'


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15

Kdnptir 9

[YOONR\ CE ELGFLGA[( KCGKHY[LCG[( NGF RIKCOOIGFNVLCG[

Vdi elgnh kdnptir ce tdls tdisls kcgslsts ce n suoonry ce tdi

elgflgas( tdi kcgkhuslcgs frnwg ngf rikcooigfntlcgs ce tdi risinrkdir'

[piklelknhhy( tdi echhcwlga quistlcgs wiri ngswirif lg tdi stufy'


>'> Nai:

>'2 Aigfir:

>'; Prcarno# Kcursi3

2' Bnsif cg tdi ixlstlga oiflknh rikcrfs( wdnt nri tdi rispcgfigts=

2'>' BP rinflga:

2'2' Bcfy Onss Lgfix $BOL,

2';' Ixlstlga Oiflknh Kcgfltlcgs: ngf

2'6' Nwnrigiss cg dnvlga dlad bhccf prissuri3

;' Qdnt ls tdi hleistyhi ce tdi rispcgfigts ns tc=

;'> Intlga ngf frlgjlga dnblts:

;'2 Pdyslknh nktlvltlis:

;'; [hiiplga pnttirgs ngf

;'6 [tufy dnblts3


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11

6' Ls tdiri n slaglelkngt rihntlcgsdlp bitwiig tdi rispcgfigts bilga

dypirtigslvi ngf tdilr

6'> Prcelhi ngf

6'2 Hleistyhi3


ngf hleistyhi3



Guhh Dypctdisis

>' Vdiri ls gc slaglelkngt rihntlcgsdlp bitwiig tdi

rispcgfigts bilga dypirtigslvi tc tdilr prcelhi ngf hleistyhi'

2' Vdiri ls gc slaglelkngt rihntlcgsdlp bitwiig tdi

rispcgfigts prcelhi ngf hleistyhi

Oitdcfchcay

Vdi stufy onfi usi ce tdi Fiskrlptlvi Oitdcfchcay tdnt ignbhif

tdi risinrkdir tc nskirtnlg tdi ixtigt tc wdlkd vnrlntlcg lg cgi vnrlnbhi

nri nsscklntif wltd vnrlntlcgs lg ngctdir wdlkd spiklelknhhy lgvchvif tdi

lfigtlelkntlcg ce rihntlcgsdlp ce rispcgfigts dypirtigslcg: prcelhi: ngf

hleistyhi( lg tiros ce intlga ngf frlgjlga dnblts( pdyslknh nktlvltlis(



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4>

2'; Ixlstlga Oiflknh Kcgfltlcgs:

;5 cr 14'25) ce tdio flf gct rispcgf wdlkd oings tdiy flf gct

ongleist ngy oiflknh lhhgiss cr kcgfltlcg ns rivinhif lg tdilr dlstcry ngf

pdyslknh ixnolgntlcg rikcrf' Vdig( 9 rispcgfigts cr >0'41) dnf

nstdon( ; rispcgfigts $5'92), dnf nhhiray( wdlhi > rispcgfigt $2'>1),

dnf flnbitis ngf hnsthy( > rispcgfigt $2'>1), dnf nstdon( nhhiray ngf

flnbitis'

2'6 Nwnrigiss cg Dnvlga Dlad Bhccf Prissuri3

66 rispcgfigts( cr


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42

2'15 tihhs cgi tdnt scoitlois tdiy fc gct hlji tc int erult ngf#cr

viaitnbhis'

;'2 Pdyslknh Nktlvltlis:

Ocst ce tdi rispcgfigts cetig prieir tc tnji n rlfi lgstinf ce

wnhjlga tc phnkis: ecugf lt fleelkuht tc elgf tloi tc ixirklsi: ngf dnf

fleelkuhty lg onlgtnlglga gcronh bcfy wiladt bnsif cg tdi oing rntlga ce

;'5; tc ;'10' Risuhts rivinhif tdnt ocst ce tdio ngswirif scoitlois

wdlkd dnf n oing rntlga ;'95 wdlkd lgflkntis tdnt tdiy spigf oukd ce

tdilr tloi wntkdlga VU ngf#cr phnylga vlfic anois ngf tdnt tdiy fc gct

mclg spcrts nktlvltlis lg skdcch ngf#cr lg tdi kcoouglty'

;'; [hiiplga Pnttirgs:

Ocst ce tdi rispcgfigts cetig dnvi 5 dcurs( cr hiss tdng 5 dcurs(

ce shiip nt gladt ngf tdiy usunhhy fc tdilr skdcch/rihntif tnsjs nt gladt(

onjlga tdio nwnji( wdlkd risuhts tc hnkj ce shiip bnsif cg tdi oing

rntlgas ce 6'20 tc 6'22' Nhsc( ocst ce tdio scoitlois $wltd n oing

rntlga ce ;'>1 tc ;'65, tnji n gnp furlga n prchcgaif slttlga pcsltlcg(

inslhy flsturbif by ngy jlgf ce gclsi furlga shiip( ngf tigf tc wnji up

wdig kdngalga pcsltlcg ngf hladt kdngais'

;'6 [tufy Dnblts3

Vdi rispcgfigts nri cetig prissurif wdig tdiy fc gct oiit tdi

tnrait fnti ngf tloi ce subolsslcg ce prcmikts ngf nsslagoigts: dnrfhy


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6'>'; Prcarno# Kcursi:


dypirtigslcg ngf prcelhi ns tc prcarno# kcursi'

6'>'6 Bcfy Onss Lgfix $BOL, ngf:


dypirtigslcg ngf prcelhi ns tc BOL'

6'2 Hleistyhi ns tc=

6'2'> Intlga ngf Frlgjlga Dnblts:


dypirtigslcg ngf hleistyhi ns tc intlga ngf frlgjlga dnblts'

6'2'; Pdyslknh Nktlvltlis:


dypirtigslcg ngf hleistyhi ns tc pdyslknh nktlvltlis'

6'2'; [hiiplga Pnttirgs


dypirtigslcg ngf hleistyhi ns tc shiiplga pnttirgs'

6'2'6' [tufy Dnblts3


dypirtigslcg ngf hleistyhi ns tc stufy dnblts'


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41


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Kcgkhuslcgs

Vdi echhcwlga kcgkhuslcgs wiri frnwg cg tdi bnsls ce tdi elgflgas

ce tdi stufy=

>' Vdi lgklfigki ce dypirtigslcg nppinrif tc bi lgkrinslga

nocga nfchiskigts( spiklelknhhy kchhiai stufigts'

2' Lgkrinsif BOL( spiklelknhhy lg tdi cbisi kntiacry ls rihntif

tc tdi lgkrinsif privnhigki ce dypirtigslcg'

;' Dypirtigslcg rionlgs tc bi n slhigt jlhhir wdirilg( ocst ce

tdi rispcgfigts gct nwnri ce tdilr ihivntif bhccf

prissuri'

6' Ygdinhtdy pccr hleistyhi lg tiros ce intlga ngf frlgjlga

dnblts( pdyslknh nktlvltlis( shiiplga pnttirgs ngf stufy

dnblts nocga tdi kchhiai stufigts ls lgfiif ng lopcrtngt

rlsj enktcr rianrflga tdi privnhigki ce dypirtigslcg wdiri

inrhy ocflelkntlcgs sdcuhf bi prnktlkif'

9' Khlglk stnee ngf nfolglstrntcrs ce YPD[F/HP ngf ctdir

uglvirsltlis ngf skdcchs sdcuhf lophioigt n dinhtd

prcoctlcg prcarno tdnt sdnhh lfigtley dypirtigslvi stufigts

ngf fikrinsi tdi privnhigki ce dypirtigslcg nocga tdio'


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4' Vdi uglvirslty khlglk( tcaitdir wltd tdi skdcch nfolglstrntcr( sdcuhf

prcvlfi n kcopridigslvi dinhtd prcarno ecr tdi dypirtigslvi stufigts

lg tiros ce tdi echhcwlga nspikts=

n' PRCOCVLUI

/ Dypirtigslcg nwnrigiss knopnlag ecr Dlad [kdcch ngf

Kchhiai stufigts' Lt ls snlf tdnt ns inrhy ns nfchiskigki(

dypirtigslcg kng gcw bi ongleistif' [c( lt ls bittir le( ns inrhy

ns tdilr dlad skdcch yinrs( ng nwnrigiss knopnlag bi

kcgfuktif'

/ FCD upfntis cg dypirtigslcg' Erco tloi tc tloi( oiflkntlcgs

ngf trintoigts kdngai' Ypfntis cg trigfs lg dypirtigslcg

trintoigt kng bi ce bla dihp tc lgkrinsi tdi hivih ce nwnrigiss

ngf prcoctlcg ce dinhtd'

b' PRIUIGVLUI

/ Flnagcsif stufigts ony echhcw/up wltd tdi uglvirslty fcktcr

ecr hnbcrntcry riquists ecr tdi inrhy fitiktlcg ce knusis ce

dypirtigslcg


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>YRH=dttp=##klrk'ndnmcurgnhs'cra#kcgtigt#>0>#;#;2>65#ngguriv'pubhdinhtd'21'02>609'>02>;23mcurgnhKcfi?pubhdinhtd

Dcssilgl O' $20>0,' Vdi Rihntlcg ce Bcfy Onss Lgfix ngf Bhccf

Prissuri lg Lrnglng Kdlhfrig ngf Nfchiskigts Naif 1/ >4 \inrs Chf(Lrnglng M Pubhlk Dinhtd( Uch' ;25/>;6

Duonycg( N' $200 YRH=dttp=##www'nyuboif'ifu'pj#MNOK#PN[V#2>/;#Ngmuo'pfe
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/18/health/18slee.htmlhttp://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10645931http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10645931http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/101/3/329.longhttp://circ.ahajournals.org/content/101/3/329.longhttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2650754http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Canadian_Journal_of_Cardiology&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Canadian_Journal_of_Cardiology&action=edit&redlink=1http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2643187http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2643187http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Canadian_Journal_of_Cardiology&action=edit&redlink=1http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.publhealth%09.27.021405.102132?journalCode=publhealthhttp://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.publhealth%09.27.021405.102132?journalCode=publhealthhttp://www.ayubmed.edu.pk/JAMC/PAST/21-3/Anjum.pdfhttp://www.ayubmed.edu.pk/JAMC/PAST/21-3/Anjum.pdfhttp://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.publhealth%09.27.021405.102132?journalCode=publhealthhttp://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.publhealth%09.27.021405.102132?journalCode=publhealthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Canadian_Journal_of_Cardiology&action=edit&redlink=1http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2643187http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2643187http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Canadian_Journal_of_Cardiology&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Canadian_Journal_of_Cardiology&action=edit&redlink=1http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2650754http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/101/3/329.longhttp://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10645931http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10645931http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/18/health/18slee.html


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/ Givir

INVLGA NGF FRLGJLGA DNBLV[ 9 6 ; 2 >

>' L lgkhufi eccf kcgfloigts hlji elsd snuki( scy snuki(ngf#cr bnaccga furlga oinhtloi'

2' L prieir tc int erlif eccfs( igmcy intlga mugj eccfsngf#cr entty eccfs'

;' L kcgsuoi hnrai qungtltlis ce kceeii ngf# cr kchn( ngfctdir kneeilgi kcgtnlglga eccfs ngf frlgjs'

6' L kcgsuoi ocri tdng 2/; bctthis ce nhkcdchlkbivirnais furlga frlgjlga sisslcgs'

9' L fc gct hlji tc int erult ngf#cr viaitnbhis'PD\[LKNH NKVLULVLI[ 9 6 ; 2 >

5' L prieir tc tnji n rlfi lgstinf ce wnhjlga tc phnkis'

1' L elgf lt fleelkuht tc elgf tloi tc ixirklsi'

4' L spigf oukd ce oy tloi wntkdlga VU ngf# cr phnylgavlfic anois'

0' L elgf lt fleelkuht tc onlgtnlg gcronh bcfy wiladt'[HIIPLGA PNVVIRG[ 9 6 ; 2 >

>>' L dnvi 5 dcurs cr hiss tdng 5 dcurs ce shiip nt gladts'

>2' L usif tc tnji n gnp furlga prchcgaif slttlga'

>;' L no inslhy flsturbif by ngy jlgf ce gclsi furlga shiip

>6' L tigf tc wnji/up wdig kdngalga pcsltlcg ngf hladtkdngais'

>9' L usunhhy fc oy skdcch rihntif tnsjs hnti nt gladtonjlga oi nwnji wdlkd risuhts tc hnkj ce shiip'

[VYF\ DNBLV[ 9 6 ; 2 >

>5' L no usunhhy prissurif wdig L fcgt oiit tdi tnraitfnti ngf tloi ce subolsslcg ce prcmikts ngf

nsslagoigts'

>1' L dnrfhy elgf tloi tc cranglzi oy fnlhy rivliw cehisscgs ngf inslhy bikcoi tigsi furlga lgtirnktlvi

sisslcg lg khnss'

>4' L no kcgeusif lg prlcrltlzlga wdnt submikt tc stufy elrstwdig twc cr ocri submikts nri skdifuhif cg tdi

snoi fny'

>


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>00

Nppigflx/E

Vdi Lgtirgntlcgnh Khnsslelkntlcg ce NfuhtYgfirwiladt( Cvirwiladt ngf Cbislty nkkcrflga tc BOL

Khnsslelkntlcg BOL$ja#o2,

Prlgklpnh kut/ceepclgts

Nffltlcgnh kut/ceepclgts

Ygfirwiladt 8>4'90 8>4'90

[iviri tdlggiss 8>5'00 8>5'00

Ocfirnti tdlggiss >5'00 / >5'5'00 / >5'1'00 / >4'6< >1'00 / >4'64'90 / 22'


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>0>

Nppigflx/A

Onrkd 20>2

KIRVLELKNVLCG CE [VNVL[VLKNH VRINVOIGV

Vdls ls tc kirtley tdnt tdi tdisls igtlthif Privnhigki ce Dypirtigslcg

Nocga Elrst \inr Kchhiai [tufigts ce YPD[F/HP ['\' 20>>/20>2 Lg

Rihntlcg tc tdilr Prcelhi ngf Hleistyhi= Bnsls ecr Kcopridigslvi Dinhtd

Prcarno ce Os' Hnlhngl K' Hnflcs wns stntlstlknhhy ngnhyzif by tdi

ugfirslagif'

[af'FR' MI[Y[ B' ACHHN\NG[tntlstlklng

Gctif=

[af'NVV\' LRLGIC E' ONRVLGI]( MR'( Pd'F'Fing( Arnfunti [kdcch


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>0;

KYRRLKYHYO ULVNI

Gnoi = Hnlhngl Knpnrrcsc Hnflcs

Nffriss = Bhj 20( B' [nkrnoigt [t'( [cutd Klty DcoisBlng( Hnaugn

Aigfir = Eionhi

Fnti ce Blrtd = Nuaust 2>( >


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