Labor Unions Fight Back!Labor Unions Fight Back!

Tuesday Warm-UpTuesday Warm-Up

Begin completing your vocabulary and Begin completing your vocabulary and essential question from your Unit 5 essential question from your Unit 5 syllabus. syllabus.

You have 10 minutesYou have 10 minutes

If you are finished, begin reviewing your If you are finished, begin reviewing your old syllabus for your mid-termold syllabus for your mid-term

Conditions of the WorkerConditions of the Worker

Working conditions—Working conditions—unsanitary, dangerousunsanitary, dangerousWages—too lowWages—too lowHours—too long, 14 hour Hours—too long, 14 hour daysdaysChild Labor—no school, Child Labor—no school, cruelty (low pay, long cruelty (low pay, long hours)hours)

The Changing American

Labor Force

The Changing American

Labor Force

Child Labor

- Early 1800s: ages 7-12 made up 1/3 of workforce in US factories

- 1848: Pennsylvania establishes age of 12 to work in silk, cotton, wool mills

- 1853: Many states adopt 10 hr. workday for children

- 1900: 1/5 of all American children were employed

- 1924: Congress prohibits labor under 18

Child Labor

- Early 1800s: ages 7-12 made up 1/3 of workforce in US factories

- 1848: Pennsylvania establishes age of 12 to work in silk, cotton, wool mills

- 1853: Many states adopt 10 hr. workday for children

- 1900: 1/5 of all American children were employed

- 1924: Congress prohibits labor under 18

Child LaborChild Labor

“Galley Labor”“Galley Labor”

Rise of Labor UnionsRise of Labor Unions

It was under these conditions that It was under these conditions that labor labor unionsunions arose. arose.

UnionsUnions are organizations of workers are organizations of workers formed to protect their rightsformed to protect their rights

Trade Unions vs. Craft UnionsTrade Unions vs. Craft Unions

Craft Unions- open to people with a Craft Unions- open to people with a particular skill like carpentry or masonry particular skill like carpentry or masonry

Trade Union- open to less skilled workers.Trade Union- open to less skilled workers.

The Knights of LaborThe Knights of Labor

A Giant union that A Giant union that organized trade and organized trade and craft unions into one craft unions into one powerful force.powerful force.

They were the first They were the first integrated union and integrated union and they included African they included African AmericansAmericans

American Federation of Labor American Federation of Labor (AFL)(AFL)

Union led by Samuel GompersUnion led by Samuel Gompers

Used strikes to force companies to give Used strikes to force companies to give better wages, hours, and working better wages, hours, and working conditionsconditions

Bosses Respond to UnionsBosses Respond to Unions

Yellow-Dog Contracts:Yellow-Dog Contracts: Employers require that Employers require that workers sign a contract promising not to strike to workers sign a contract promising not to strike to get hiredget hired

Blacklist: Blacklist: Bosses would prevent workers who Bosses would prevent workers who went on strike from getting another jobwent on strike from getting another job

Scabs: Scabs: Workers who were hired to take the Workers who were hired to take the place of striking workersplace of striking workers

STRIKES!!!STRIKES!!!With your group read about your strike With your group read about your strike and right down what happened and a and right down what happened and a once sentence significance.once sentence significance.

Be ready to share this with the class.Be ready to share this with the class.

1.1. Homestead Strike: Pg. 453Homestead Strike: Pg. 453

2.2. The Great Strike: Pg. 453The Great Strike: Pg. 453

3.3. The Haymarket Affair: Pg. 453The Haymarket Affair: Pg. 453

4.4. The Pullman Strike: Pg. 454The Pullman Strike: Pg. 454

The SocialistsThe Socialists

Socialists believe that the means of Socialists believe that the means of production should be owned by the production should be owned by the workers, not the rich minorityworkers, not the rich minority

Eugene V. DebsEugene V. Debs

Organized American Organized American Railway UnionRailway UnionHe was a SocialistHe was a SocialistRan for President Ran for President many timesmany timesRan for President Ran for President from prison and from prison and received millions of received millions of votes.votes.

International Workers of the World (“Wobblies”)

International Workers of the World (“Wobblies”)

“Big Bill” Haywood of the

IWW

“Big Bill” Haywood of the

IWW

Violence was justified to Violence was justified to overthrow capitalism.overthrow capitalism.

The Hand That Will Rule the World One

Big Union

The Hand That Will Rule the World One

Big Union

Mother Jones: “The Miner’s Angel”

Mother Jones: “The Miner’s Angel”

Mary HarrisMary Harris..

Organizer for theOrganizer for theUnited MineUnited MineWorkersWorkers..

Founded the Founded the SocialSocialDemocratic Party Democratic Party in 1898.in 1898.

1903, led 80 mill 1903, led 80 mill children to home children to home of of T. Roosevelt T. Roosevelt demanding child demanding child labor laws.labor laws.