Labelled Diagram Nikon D3200

1

183254

6

7

178

16

159

14

13

12

1110

By Simon Lehmann1. 2. Accessory Shoe3. 4. Viewfinder eyepiece5. Dioptor adjustment control6. Mode dial7. AE-L/AF-L button/Protect button8. Command Dial9. Live view toggle button10. Multi selector/OK button11. Memory card slot flap

12. Release mode button13. Delete button14. LCD Monitor15. Information edit button16. Playback zoom out button/Help button17. Playback zoom in button18. Menu Button19. Playback button20. Rear infrared receiver

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1. Built-in flash2. Flash mode button3. Neck strap eyelet4. Function button5. Connection flap6. Lens release button7. Auto/manual focus switch8. Vibration reduction switch9. Zoom barrel10. Manual focus barrel11. Lens12. Front infrared receiver13. Power switch14. Shutter button

15. Exposure compensation button/Adjusting aperture button/Flash compensation button16. Information button17. Video record button

First LookIn this short tutorial I will explain how to take a photo with a good exposure in manual mode.The proper way to grip your camera is with your left hand under the camera so that the camera body is sitting on the palm of your hand and your fingers gripping the zoom barrel on the lens. Your right hand should be wrapped around the camera body hand grip on the right side of the body. Your pointer finger should have easy access to the shutter button and the other button in that area. You should have access to all the controls on the camera except for the five buttons to the right of the Monitor. The camera should feel comfortable in your hands so adjust hand positions slightly for comfort.

Shutter speedShutter speed representationAperture representation Exposure PreviewAperture size

1. The first thing we need to do is to switch the camera on. To do this, flick the power switch from the OFF position to the ON position.2. Next we need to set the camera to manual mode. Move the Mode Dial to the M position.3. Next we can remove the lens cap. Note: set the lens cap down inside up to avoid dirtying.4. Next we should set the manual settings to defaults. Turn the Command Dial until you reach the shitter speed of 1/60. This means the shutter will be open for 1/60 of a second. While holding down the Aperture Adjust button, turn the Command Dial until you reach an aperture of f12. While holding the Function button, turn the Command Dial until you reach an ISO of 1600. These are good settings to start with and can be easily adjusted at any time.5. Now we can start shooting! Select your focus preference using the Auto/manual focus switch. If you chose automatic focus you can skip this step. If you chose manual focus you will need to twist the focus barrel with your left hand to get the scene focused to your satisfaction. Look through the viewfinder to while adjusting the focus to get a real-time preview of how the camera sees the scene.6. Keep in mind the shutter button is a two-stage pressure plate. The first stage will trigger auto focus and other auto adjustments. The second stage opens the shutter and takes the shot. When using automatic focus settings, it is important to keep the shutter button at the first stage to allow time for the automatic focus to complete. You will hear a double-beep when it is focused and ready to take the shot.7. If your camera is set to factory settings, there will be a preview of the image you just took appearing on the monitor. If you are happy with your image, congratulations, you have completed the tutorial. If not, stick around, we can adjust the settings to fix it up. 8. If your image was too bright (overexposed) you can either decrease the aperture size (letting less light in while the shutter is open) or increase the shutter speed (letting the chosen amount of light onto the receptor for less time) or both depending on your desired focal effect. If your image was too dark (underexposed) you can either increase the aperture size (letting more light in while the shutter is open) or decrease the shutter speed (letting the chosen amount of light onto the receptor for more time) or both depending on your desired focal effect. If you want a large depth of field (distance range in focus) you need a small aperture so you will need to set that first and then set the shutters speed to soot that so that the exposure preview graph is at zero (correctly exposed). If you want a small depth of field, you need a small aperture. Again, set the aperture first and then set the shutter speed to soot.Note: aperture the aperture is measures in an f number (F-stop). The lower the f-number, the wider the aperture. E.G: f3.5 is a very large aperture and f22 is a very small aperture.

It is complicated at first how these settings all relate to each other but once you practice it will come naturally.

Task 1A Part 4What is meant by ISO?ISO measures the sensitivity of the image receptor. The same principles apply as in film photography the lower the number the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the grain. ISO ranges from 100 to 6400 in doubling increments as it goes up (i.e: 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, and 6400). The higher the ISO, the grainier the image.What is meant by exposure?Exposure is how a combination of aperture, shitter speed and ISO has affected the brightness of an image. It is important to get the combination right for the situation as those combinations change dramatically in different situationsWhat does it mean to say a photo is underexposed or overexposed?If a photos exposure is not correct, it is either under or overexposed. If the image is too dark, it is underexposed. Is an image is too bright, it is overexposed.What is aperture? How does the choice of aperture affect a photo?Aperture is the size of the opening in the lens when a picture is taken. When you hit the shutter release button of your aperture opens up briefly allowing your cameras image sensor to catch a glimpse of the scene you want to capture. The aperture that you set impacts the size of that hole. The larger the hole the more light that gets in the smaller the hole the less light.What is meant be shutter speed? What is the range of shutter speeds and what does each one mean? Which shutter speeds are used in particular situations?Shutter speed is the amount of time that the shutter is open. In digital photography, the shutter speed is the length of time that your image sensor sees the scene youre attempting to capture. Shutter speed is measured in seconds or in most cases fractions of seconds. The bigger the denominator the faster the speed (ie 1/1000 is much faster than 1/30). Shutter speed ranges from 1/4000 of a second to 30 (x = whole seconds).a fast shutter speed (e.g: 1/4000) will freeze the scene because it only sees the scene for a tiny amount of time but a slow shutter speed (e.g: 1/30) will blur any motion because the camera sees the scene for a relatively long time.How does choice of shutter speed affect aperture?If you change the shutter speed, you must change the aperture setting to counteract the shutter speed setting change and vice versa. (e.g: your camera was set at a correct exposure with the aperture at f8 and shutter speed at 1/60 if you change the shutter speed to 1/250, you would need to set the aperture to f4 to reach the same correct exposure)What is the relationship between ISO, aperture and shutter speed?A change in one of the elements will impact the others. This means that you can never really isolate just one of the elements alone but always need to have the others in the back of your mind. If one of these settings is changed, the others need to be changed to counteract.