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Experiment-1
Single Cylinder Four Stroke Diesel Engine
Objectives
1. Studying a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine.
2. Measuring the performance of the engine at constant speed
3. Obtaining the bmep Vs bsfc, bmep Vs efficiency and bmep vs exhaust gas temperature
curves for the engine
4. Drawing Willan’s line and obtaining friction power and mechanical efficiency
Engine specifications
Engine Type : Single cylinder Four stroke Diesel engine (Kirloskar),
Bore : 0.0875m, Stroke : 0.11m Capacity : 661.5 cc,
Power : 6 H.P. at 1500 rpm,
Torque : 2.96 kg.m at 1500 rpm and
Compression Ratio :17.5:1
Things to do
1. Study of the single cylinder diesel engine a. Study the following components: Crank shaft, flywheel, piston and connecting rod;
camshaft, push rods and valve system; diesel pump and injector; governing system;
lubrication: oil sump and pump, oil paths; cooling system: water paths.
b. Measure bore and stroke, and observe valve opening and closing when you rotate the
crankshaft.
c. How does the engine start? How does it stop?
d. If you want to change engine speed, what would you do?
e. Do you find any parts missing in the engine you studied? Are they there in the engine
you did experiments on? What are the differences between these engines?
2. Measuring the performance at constant speed a. Study the instrumentation: Loading the engine: how is this done? How is the load
measured? Speed: how is it measured? Exhaust temperature: how is it measured? Note:
the question “how is it measured” should be answered in terms of what the measuring
device is, what it measures, how it measures it, if there is any calibration constant, what it
is, how you calibrate the device, etc.
b. Start the engine. Run the engine at different loads from zero to maximum. At each load,
measure the engine speed (this should be constant: how is this controlled?), fuel
consumption rate, air consumption rate, exhaust gas temperature.
c. From the data, compute the bmep, bsfc, thermal efficiency and plot curves ment\ioned in
objective 3 above.
d. Plot fuel flow rate Vs brake power and obtain the frictional power: Willan’s line method
(what is this?). Using this calculate the indicated power and mechanical efficiency at the
loads you measured engine data.
Report Writing Your report should contain information pertaining to the items in things to do section above, with sections
1a, 1b, etc. Write your own reports, one for each subgroup, and be to the point.
Reference / Textbook material
Internal Combustion Engines by V. Ganesan.
Experiment-2
Multi-cylinder Spark Ignited Engine
Objectives 1. Study of a Maruti Zen engine components and test setup
2. Performing measurements of performance test at constant speed
3. Performing Morse test on the engine and obtaining frictional power and mechanical efficiency
at that speed.
Engine Specifications
Engine Type: Four cylinder Four stroke MPFI petrol engine (Maruti Zen),
Bore: 0.072 m, Stroke: 0.061m Capacity: 993 cc,
Power: 60 HP at 6000 rpm,
Torque: 78.5 Nm at 4500 rpm and
Compression Ratio: 9.4:1
Things to do
1. Study a multi-cylinder SI engine
a. Crank shaft, flywheel, connecting rods, pistons and their relative motions
b. Camshaft(s) and valve mechanism
c. Inlet and exhaust manifolds
d. Fuel supply system
e. Ignition system
f. Cooling system and coolant passages
g. Lubricating system and lubricant passages
h. Other auxiliary systems: starter, alternator, ECU, etc.
2. Performance test at constant speed
a. Study the instrumentation of the engine for measurement of fuel flow rate, airflow rate,
load and speed. How do these instruments function?
b. Start the engine and set the speed (how do you do this?). Measure fuel consumption rate,
airflow rate, power and speed. Now vary the load, keeping the speed the same. (How is
this done?) Measure the above quantities at each load. Plot the results in the form of
bmep vs bsfc and bmep vs efficiency. Compute volumetric efficiency and air-fuel ratio
at each data point.
c. Now at the same speed perform Morse test on the engine (What is this test?) Using this
test, obtain the frictional power and mechanical efficiency of the engine at various load
conditions at the same speed.
Report Writing
Your report should contain information pertaining to the items in things to do section above, with sections
1a, 1b, etc. Write your own reports, one for each subgroup, and be to the point.
Reference / Textbook material
Internal Combustion Engines by V. Ganesan.
Experiment-3
Multi-cylinder Compression Ignited Engine
Objectives 1. Study the Tata truck engine with the help of the chart (of Ashok Leyland Engine).
2. Measure the performance characteristics of the multi-cylinder diesel engine at constant speed
3. Drawing the Willan’s line for the engine to obtain its frictional power at this speed, and
mechanical efficiency at different loads.
Engine Specifications
Engine Type: Four cylinder Four stroke Diesel engine,
Bore: 0.073m, Stroke: 0.0889m, Capacity: 1489cc,
Power: 36 H.P. at 4000 rpm,
Torque: 8.5 kg.m at 2250 rpm and
Compression Ratio :17.3:1
Things to do
1. Study a multi-cylinder CI engine
a. Crank shaft, flywheel, connecting rods, pistons and their relative motions
b. Camshaft(s), push rods and valve mechanism
c. Inlet and exhaust manifolds
d. Fuel supply system
e. Cooling system and coolant passages
f. Lubricating system and lubricant passages
g. Other auxiliary systems: starter, alternator, etc.
2. Performance test at constant speed
a. Study the instrumentation of the engine for measurement of fuel flow rate, airflow rate,
load and speed. How do these instruments function?
b. Start the engine and set the speed (how do you do this?). Measure fuel consumption rate,
airflow rate, power and speed. Now vary the load, keeping the speed the same. (How is
this done?) Measure the above quantities at each load. Plot the results in the form of
bmep vs bsfc and bmep vs efficiency. Compute volumetric efficiency and air-fuel ratio
at each data point.
c. Plot the Willan’s line from your data (What is this line?), and obtain the frictional power
and mechanical efficiency of the engine at various load conditions at this speed.
Report Writing
Your report should contain information pertaining to the items in things to do section above, with sections
1a, 1b, etc. Write your own reports, one for each subgroup, and be to the point.
Reference / Textbook material
Internal Combustion Engines by V. Ganesan.
Experiment-4
Intake and Exhaust Processes
Objectives 1. Study the given engine and obtain the valve timing diagram and valve lift profile as a function of
crank angles with reference to TDC.
2. Measure the discharge coefficient of the given valve at steady flow conditions for different valve
lifts and plot Cd as a function of valve lift
Things to do
1. Valve timing and Lift diagrams
a. In the engine provided, mark the TDC position on the flywheel.
b. Rotate the flywheel in the correct direction and figure out the processes of intake and
exhaust, and hence identify intake and exhaust valves (how?)
c. Using the dial guage, measure valve lift as a function of crank angle with reference to
TDC for both intake and exhaust valves, and plot valve lift profile and valve timing
diagrams (what are these?).
2. Discharge coefficient of valve system For a given engine cylinder head with valves, perform the following experiment:
a. Start the blower and set the valve lift and flow rate (How?)
b. Measure the pressure drop across the valve (how?) and flow rate through the valve using
a venturi meter (how?).
c. Change the flow rate and get these readings again for different flow rates for the same
valve lift.
d. Change the valve lift and repeat steps b and c for each valve lift.
e. Compute discharge coefficients from the above data and examine how it varies with
valve lift. Discuss the results.
Report Writing
Your report should contain information pertaining to the items in things to do section above, with
sections 1a, 1b, etc. Write your own reports, one for each subgroup, and be to the point.
Reference / Textbook material
Internal Combustion Engines by John B. Heywood.
