Lab 32

Blood Vessels

Vessels - Generalities

• Peripheral distributions are the same on the left and right side of the body except near the heart.

• Most arteries and veins follow similar paths and are often similarly named

• One vessel can have several names (like a street)

• Many tissues are serviced by several arteries and veins

Veins - Generalities

• Veins are far more variable from person ot person than arteries

• Several veins, especially in the limbs, have superficial and deep routes. Superficial route usually only caries 10-15% of blood at a maximum and serves to aid in thermoregulation

Vessels to know

• Be able to identify the following arteries/veins on a model: inferior and superior vena cava, left and right pulmonary arteries and veins,, common carotid, subclavian, brachiocephalic, coronary

• thoracic and abdominal aorta, celiac, renal, axillary, brachial, radial, ulnar, mesenteric, iliac, peroneal, femoral, popliteal, tibial, jugular, celiac, splenic, gastric, hepatic and saphenous.

Figure 21-20

Major Systemic Arteries

Branches of the Aortic Arch

• Deliver blood to head and neck:– brachiocephalic trunk

• right subclavian artery • right common carotid artery

– left common carotid artery– left subclavian artery

Arteries of Upper Limbs

3D Peel Away

Subclavian axial brachial splits into radial, ulnar

Descending aorta thoracic aorta abdominal aorta common illiac to be continued

renal

3 Unpaired Branches of the Abdominal Aorta

• Celiac trunk, divides into:– left gastric artery– splenic artery– common hepatic artery

• Superior mesenteric artery

• Left mesenteric artery

celiac

mesenteric

iliac

splenicgastrichepatic

Illiac femoral popliteal Posterior and anterior tibial.

Posteror tibial gives rise to peroneal (fibular)

Veins

• Know the veins with the same names as arteries

• Exceptions: – saphenous (leg) no comparable artery– jugular (neck) like carotid arteries

Lab #32

• Look at 3 slides:– Artery– Vein– Aorta

• For arteries, veins, and aorta, label the three layers and answer the questions

• Look at models and diagrams to identify vessels for the practical exam

Artery or Vein?

• Arteries have high numbers of elastic fibers, which causes them to recoil when at low pressure (or empty). Causes:– folded or ridged endothelium (since it cannot contract)– constricted lumen (but appears round)

• Veins do not constrict like this and they are less resiliant so they collapse in section. Causes:– smooth, unfolded endothelium. – lumens look flattened and oblong