Lab 01 Mujahid Mehdi

7/24/2019 Lab 01 Mujahid Mehdi

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LAB EXPERIMENT 01

Burning test of Natural Fibers

PERFORMANCE/OBJECTIVES

Identify the properties of natural bers.

TOOLS

Tweezer

Pieces of fabric

Candle

TEOR!

Fibersform a class of hair-like materials that occur as continuouslaments or in discrete elongated pieces, similar to pieces of thread.

They are of two types natural bers and man-made or syntheticbers.

!atural bers may be obtained from plant, animal, and mineralsources. Those from plant sources include cotton, "a#, hemp, sisal,

$ute, kenaf and coconut. %ibers from animal sourcesinclude silk, wool and mohair. Those from mineral sourcesinclude asbestos and metal bers.

!atural bers are greatly elongated substances produced by plantsand animals that can be spun into laments, thread or rope.

Natural Fibers"

Cotton

Cottonis a soft, "u&y staple ber that grows in a boll, or protecti'ecapsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of thegenus Gossypiumin the family of Malvaceae. The ber is almostpure cellulose. (nder natural conditions, the cotton bolls will tend toincrease the dispersion of the seeds.

Sil#

Sil#is a natural protein ber, some forms of which canbe wo'en into te#tiles. The protein ber of silk is composed mainlyo)broin and is produced by certain insect lar'ae to formcocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the

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core ++++++++++++++++ ignature of the lab tutor+++++++++++++++


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lar'ae of the mulberry silkworm in capti'ity sericulture/. Theshimmering appearance of silk is due to the triangular prism-likestructure of the silk bre, which allows silk cloth to refract incominglight at di&erent angles, thus producing di&erent colors.

$ool

$oolis the te#tile ber obtained from sheep and certain otheranimals, including cashmere from goats, mohair fromgoats from musko#en, angora from rabbits, and other types of woolfrom camelids.

0ool has se'eral 1ualities that distinguish it from hair or fur itis crimped, it is elastic, and it grows in staples clusters/.

Jute

Juteis a long, soft, shiny 'egetable ber that can be spun intocoarse, strong threads. It is produced from plants in thegenus Corchorus, which was once classied with thefamily Tiliaceae, more recently with 2al'aceae, and has now beenreclassied as belonging to the family parrman niaceae. 34ute3 isthe name of the plant or ber that is used to make burlap, 5essianor gunny cloth.

Met%o&s of i&entif'ing (bers"

There are two types of test to identify the ber type.

1) The non-technical test

2) The technical test

)* T%e Non+Te,%ni,al Test

This test is also di'ided into two categories.

i. Feeling test

ii. Burning test

i- Feeling Test

In this test we check the fabric by hand feeling.

ii- Burning Test

In this test we check the fabric by burning 'ia "ame.

.* T%e Te,%ni,al Test

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This test is also di'ided into two categories.

i. Microscopic Test

ii. Chemical Test

i- Mi,ros,oi, Test

In this test we tele the ber properties by microscope.

ii- C%e0i,al Test

In this test we treat the fabric by specic chemicals.

METO1

Take a piece of fabric by tweezer.

7urn the piece of fabric by candle.

E2PERIMENT RES3LTS / OBSERVATIONS

S.No Fiber Type Burning Residual Odour Remarks

1

2

3

4

8

Documents

Lab 01 Mujahid Mehdi