L2C1ops400.ppt 1

Lecture 1OPS400

AS/400

AS/400e / iSeries

Mid-Range

Operating System

OS400

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Why are we studying the AS/400?

There are hundreds of thousands of them out there.

98% of Fortune 100 Companies have an AS/400

Seneca is one of the few colleges to offer AS/400 courses, this makes you marketable!

Jobs! Jobs! Jobs!

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The AS/400?

IBM’s Midrange Computer

What does midrange mean?

In general, larger than a PC and smaller than a Mainframe!

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What is an AS/400?

• IBM’s “Application System”/400• Multi-user, multi-tasking• Is most often used by a company to run their

daily business transactions• Can be used for special applications within a

large organization• Uses Single-level storage concept

RAM - DASD (seamless)

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Industry Examples

• Sprint Canada• Grand and Toy• Canadian Tire• Microsoft !!• Praxair• See IBC233 web page for list of other

companies using the AS/400 (these are just the ones we know about!)

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Why does a company use an AS/400?

• Cost effective

• Reliable

• Over 50,000 applications available

• Easily upgraded as business grows

• Supports state-of-the-art technology

• Doesn’t require a large support staff

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“System”

• The AS/400 is the “system”

– “The system is down”– “The system is slow today”

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OS400

AS/400 Operating System Object-Based

- User Profiles

– Job Queues– Files– Programs

Not only does it control all the activity on the AS/400, but it also incorporates many features that would be separate software components on other systems.

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Licensed Programs• Application Development Tools

– PDM (you will see this in the first lab)• OfficeVision

– similar to MS-Office, but AS/400 based• Communication Support

– Client Access (command line and GUI based)

• Programming Languages– Pascal, PL/1, Basic, RPG, C, C++, Cobol, Java,

SQL, etc.

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System Values are control and configuration attributes. They are used to customize a system to the needs and specifications of an organization.

Some are

Date and time.Editing.system control.user control.etc. etc

DSPSYSVAL - WRKSYSVAL - CHGSYSVAL

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“User”

• A person who “uses” the AS/400• You are all “Users” each with an

unique Userid• A Userid identifies you to the system

when you signon or run a job• Each Userid has a User Profile which

describes the user attributes, one of which is authorities.

jobpresentation.ppt 12

What is it ?

Types of ?

How invoked ?

A JOB

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• A “job” is any and every piece of work / activity on the AS/400 similar to a “Process” in Unix.

- System functions- Utilities

- User tasks- etc.

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It consists of one or more tasks executed either successivelyor simultaneous while sharing resources.

lecturing

learning

meeting

greeting

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Some Types of jobs

INTERACTIVE (USER)

High run time priority on job queue (20)

QUICK response

Low resource requirement (memory – disk)

BATCH

NO interactivity (only messaging)

Low run time priority on job queue (50)

High resource requirement (memory – disk – media)

CLI – Command line interface Batch, Daemons, cron

In UNIX

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“Interactive Jobs”also called sessions

• it begins when a user signs on to the system and ends when they sign off.

• Has interaction between the user and the AS/400, similar to a conversation

(a polite conversation!).

• Input entered via the work station.

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“Batch Jobs”

• Runs in the background.

• No interactive input from the screen, receives data from files or data communication.

• Generally uses a lot of resources.

• Submitted / initiated by ANY job e.g. a program compile

• Communicate with the system through messaging.

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JOBS - HOW INVOKED?

• Signing on and starting an interactive session

• Called by another JOB. (spawned)

• Automatic system function

• SCHEDULED once or repetitively

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Job Inheritance

• Attributes / properties are passed on from the initiating / spawning job

• The initial Job (starting session) inherits attributes from other sources such as System values, values from a user profile and from a job description are retrieved.

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“Jobs and subsystems”

• Each Job runs in a specific subsystem based on type.

• A subsystem is where the system brings together and prioritizes the resources needed to process work of LIKE type to optimize performance.

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System vs Subsystems

• Access the Work with Active Job Command to see the difference

• System is the entire AS/400

• Sub-System is a logical grouping of system resources designed to process jobs with similar requirements and demands on the resources.

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“Subsystem”

• Each (there are many) has been allocated a share of the total resources available in the system based on requirements.

• A Job runs in a specific subsystem.• A subsystem is where the system brings together the resources

needed to process work of LIKE type. Enable better performance tuning.

• Described / defined in subsystem descriptions. (*SBSD). • Most are started at IPL time.

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There are many subsystems the most common are

QCTL

QINTER

QBATCH, QBATCH2, etc

QCMN

QSPL

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the best known are

• Interactive jobs run in subsystem QINTER

• Batch jobs run in subsystem QBATCH

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Queues

• A queue is a line-up! A place where things wait.

• Examples of AS/400 queues:– job queues: where batch jobs wait– message queues: where messages wait– output queues: where spool files wait to

print

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The AS/400 is easy to use

• Menu driven

• Lots of built-in help

• Built-in security

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The AS/400 is “Green Screen”

• Block mode v.s. Character mode

• Green screen v.s. GUI (Graphical User Interface

• You can’t point and click!

• You must use the TAB keys to go from field to field

• Use the <enter> key to “send”.

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The Signon Screen

• The first level of security, it keeps out unauthorized people

• It requires a valid userid and password ( see your sticky label)

• Always remember to signoff if you are going to leave your computer. If you don’t, someone could come along and clobber your work!

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Green Screen

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AS/400 Screen Types

• Menus: includes menu selections, command line, function keys, header info

• Entry: e.g. Command Prompt screen which includes parameter description, input fields, function keys, header info

• Information screens: e.g. help screens• List screens: e.g. ‘work with’ screens

includes list of objects or members, options, command line, function keys, header info.

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MAIN AS/400 Main Menu System: ODIN Select one of the following: 1. User tasks 2. Office tasks 3. General system tasks 4. Files, libraries, and folders 5. Programming 6. Communications 7. Define or change the system 8. Problem handling 9. Display a menu 10. Information Assistant options 11. Client Access/400 tasks 90. Sign off Selection or command ===> go major F3=Exit F4=Prompt F9=Retrieve F12=Cancel F13=Information Assistant F23=Set initial menu

MENU SCREEN

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Specify Members to Work With Type choices, press Enter. File . . . . . . . . . . QCLSRC Name, F4 for list Library . . . . . . . . ABERNS *LIBL, *CURLIB, name Member: Name . . . . . . . . . *ALL *ALL, name, *generic* Type . . . . . . . . . *ALL *ALL, type, *generic*, *BLANK

F3=Exit F4=Prompt F5=Refresh F12=Cancel

ENTRY SCREEN

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........................................................................…………………………………………...... : All Spooled Files - Help : : : : The Work with All Spooled Files display shows all (or a specified : : portion) of the spooled files that are currently on the system. The : : purpose of this display is to allow you to find spooled files on the : : system. This display is shown when you specify the assist level : : parameter as intermediate, ASTLVL(*INTERMED) on the WRKSPLF command. : : : : You can type an option number next to one or more files. When you : : then press the Enter key, the function associated with the selected : : option is performed for each of the selected files. : : : : If you press the Enter key from this display without typing any : : other data, you are returned to the previous menu or display. : : : : You can type parameters in the command line if you want to override : : the defaults for the options you typed. You can type parameters : : More... : : F3=Exit help F10=Move to top F12=Cancel F13=Information Assistant : : F14=Print help : : : :.....................................................................……………….… .:

INFORMATION SCREEN

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Work with All Spooled Files LIST SCREEN Type options, press Enter. 1=Send 2=Change 3=Hold 4=Delete 5=Display 6=Release 7=Messages 8=Attributes 9=Work with printing status Device or Total Cur Opt File User Queue User Data Sts Pages Page Copy __ APVENDOR ABERNS ABERNS RDY 4 1 __ OP400PF ABERNS ABERNS RDY 4 1 __ ARTRANPF ABERNS ABERNS RDY 3 1 __ ARUPDT ABERNS ABERNS RDY 6 1 __ ASSIGN2 ABERNS ABERNS RDY 4 1 __ ARTRANS ABERNS ABERNS RDY 6 1 __ QPDZDTALOG ABERNS ABERNS RDY 2 1 __ PGM400D03 ABERNS ABERNS RDY 4 1 __ INVTRY ABERNS ABERNS RDY 3 1 More... Parameters for options 1, 2, 3 or command ===> ______________________________________ F3=Exit F10=View 4 F11=View 2 F12=Cancel F22=Printers F24=More keys

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CL - Control Language

Used from the command line - interactively

or

in CL programs which can be called from

- the command line

- A Command directly

- within other programs, batch or interactive

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“Objects”

• anything on the AS/400 that has a name and takes up space in storage and is not of a temporary nature and has action”

• on Unix/Windows, everything is a file• on AS/400, everything is an object• on Windows, files have extensions (.txt)• on AS/400 objects have types• Common object types include:

– libraries,files,job queues,programs

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*ALL *CTLD *AUTL *DEVD *DOC *DTAARA *CMD *DTAQ *FILE *LIND *MENU *MSGQ *JOBQ *LIB *OUTQ *QRYDFN *SBSD *PGM *USRPRF

Some OBJECT type identifiers are (special values)

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Data Storage Hierarchy

Library

Objects

Members contain data

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“Libraries”

• Library: an object whose purpose is to ‘store’ and index other objects. ie. objects are ‘stored’ in libraries.

• Exactly like a directory in Unix/Windows however you do not have libraries within libraries on the AS/400.

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Files - type *FILE

• Are objects that store data

subtypes / attribute• PF-DTA DATA file

ie. customer file: customer #, address,billing info etc. for each customer

• PF-SRC SOURCE file special file that stores a programmer’s source code (scripts)

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File Members

• Source files have many ‘members’

• one member for each source (script) program

• PDM (Prog Dev Mgr) gives easy access to a programmer’s stuff (libs/files/mbrs)

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Main Menu - GO MAIN

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Major Menu - GO MAJOR

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Verb Menu GO VERB

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Clear Commands Menu - GO CMDCLR

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Clear File Example

Using IBM Help

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Clear Physical File Command

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‘?’ in Member Parameter

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Definition of the Member Parameter (Field Level Help)

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Definition of the CLRPFM Command (Extended Help)

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The Lab 1 Objectives are

• Get you familiar with AS/400 green screens, using menus etc.

• Review some of the definitions covered in lecture (user profile, jobs, subsystem, screen types, accessing help)

• Set up your stuff for later labs (a file for you to store your programs)

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What to do next

• Read/Study Chapter 1 of the text

• Install C/A and or Mocha on your PC at home (if you have one)