Kristina KašnikMentor: A. Žmegač Horvat

Austrian neurologist who established the psychoanalytic method in psyhciatry

Most known for his theories of the unconscious mind, the defense mechanism of repression, for creating the clinical practice of psychoanalysis, use of free association, theory of transference, interpretation of dreams

Redefinition of sexual desire

Born in the Czech Republic to a Jewish family as Sigismund Schlomo Freud

The firstborn of eight children 1857- family moved to Vienna 1865- entered the Leopoldstädter Kommunal –

Realgymnasium 1873- graduated After planning to study law, enrolled into the Medical

School at the University of Vienna 1877- changed his first name from Sigismund to

Sigmund 1879- completed his one-year obligatory military

service 1881- received his M.D. with the thesis “On the Spinal

Cord of Lower Fish Species”

1886 - married Martha Bernays and had six children

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-1771896037174256688#

Freud's work can be divided into four major periods:

1. The exploration of neurosis, from the start of practice (1886) until the "Studies on Hysteria"

(1895)2. Self-analysis (1895-1899)3. Id psychology - elaborated the first system of

psychoanalytic psychology (1900-1914)4. Ego psychology, involving a considerable

extension and elaboration of the earlier ideas (1914-1939)

The importance of the unconscious mind in understanding conscious thought and behavior

Dreams are the “royal road to the unconscious”

The Interpretation of Dreams : he proposed that the unconscious exists and described a method for gaining access to it

The preconscious is the layer between conscious and unconscious thought

Many people “repress” paintful memories deep into their unsonscious mind

Defense Mechanisms

Psychosexual stages of development – libido invests itself in various erogenous zones as we age◦ Oral stage (birth - 1)◦ Anal stage (1 -2)◦ Phallic stage (3 -6)

Oedipus complex – castration anxiety Electra complex – penis envy

◦ Latency (7 - puberty)◦ Genital stage (puberty through adulthood)

Id, Ego and Superego represent different functions of personality◦ Id – genetic inheritance, reflexes,

instincts, and drives that motivate us; operates according to the pleasure principle using primary processes

◦ Ego – develops in order to realistically meet the wishes of the id; follows the reality principle using secondary processes

◦ Superego – consists of conscience and ego-ideal; represents internalized values, ideals, and moral standards

Personal counseling with a psychotherapist, intentional interpersonal relationship used by trained psychotherpists to aid a client or patient in problems of living

Psychotherapists employ a range of techniques

First used around 1890

Forms : spoken conversation, written word, artwork, drama, narrative story, music..

Systems: 1. Psychoanalytic2. Cognitive behavioral3. Psychodynamic4. Existential5. Humanistic6. Brief7. Systemic8. Transpersonal

Developed in the late 1800s by Sigmund Freud Explores the dynamic workings of a mind

understood to consist of three parts: id, ego and superego

unconscious↦free assocaiation

Gestalt therapy

Group psychotherapy

Medical and non-medical modelsCognitive behavioral therapy Exspressive therapyBody- oriented psychotherapyNarrative therapyIntegrative psychotherapyHypnotherapy

Studies in Hysteria (Freud and Breuer, 1895)The Aetiology of Hysteria (1896)The Interpretation of Dreams (1900)The Psychopathology of Everyday Life (1901)Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905)Five Lectures on Psycho-Analysis (1916)The Ego and the Id (1923)

References: Wikipedia http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-

1771896037174256688# http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wiBy9MmK4jY