kpds2009sonbaharingilizce

8/6/2019 kpds2009sonbaharingilizce

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RENC SEME VEYERLETRME MERKEZ

T.C. YKSEKRETM KURULU

S Y M

AKAMU PERSONEL YABANCI DL BLGS

SEVYE TESPT SINAVI

(SONBAHAR DNEM)

NGLZCE

22 Kasm 2009

ADI : ...........................................................

SOYADI : ...........................................................

T.C. KMLK NUMARASI : ...........................................................

SALON NUMARASI : ...........................................................

G E N E L A I K L A M A

Bu testlerin her hakk sakldr. Hangi amala olursa olsun, testlerin tamamnn veya bir ksmnn Merkezimizin yazl izni olmadan kop-ya edilmesi, fotorafnn ekilmesi, herhangi bir yolla oaltlmas, yaymlanmas ya da kullanlmas yasaktr. Bu yasaa uymayanlargerekli cezai sorumluluu ve testlerin hazrlanmasndaki mali klfeti peinen kabullenmi saylr.

1. Bu soru kitapndaki test 100 sorudan olumaktadrve verilen cevaplama sresi 180 dakikadr(3 saat).

2. Bu soru kitapnn tr Adr. Bunu cevap kdnz-daki ilgili alana kodlaynz.

Bu kodlamay cevap kdnza yapmadnz ve-ya yanl yaptnz takdirde, snavnzn deer-lendirilmesi mmkn deildir.

3. Cevaplamaya istediiniz sorudan balayabilirsiniz.

4. Test kitap

ndaki her sorunun yaln

zca bir dorucevab vardr. Bir soru iin birden fazla cevap yeriiaretlenmise o soru yanl cevaplanm saylacak-tr.

5. Bu kitapktaki sorularn cevaplar, kitapkla birlikteverilen cevap kdnda ayrlm olan yerlere, kurunkalemle iaretlenecektir. Cevap kd buruturulma-yacak, zerine gereksiz hibir iaret konulmayacaktr.

6. Bu snavn deerlendirilmesi doru cevap sayszerinden yaplacak, yanl cevaplar dikkate aln-mayacaktr. Bu nedenle, her soruda size en dorugrnen cevab iaretleyerek cevapsz soru brak-mamanz yararnza olacaktr.

7. Snavda uyulacak dier kurallar bu kitapn arkakapanda belirtilmitir.


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2009 - KPDS Sonbahar / NG

Dier sayfaya geiniz.

1

1. 15. sorularda, cmlede bo braklan yer-lere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi bulu-nuz.

1. Many cell phones now have the same ---- aspersonal computers.

A) functionality B) ambition

C) care D) worry

E) attentiveness

2. During the 1970s, the West African state ofNigers economy flourished from uraniumproduction, but when uranium prices fell in the1980s, its ---- period of prosperity ended.

A) unpredictable B) various

C) brief D) excessive

E) successive

3. ---- poor after World War II, Crete is now thrivingfrom tourism.

A) Necessarily B) Adequately

C) Accurately D) Tentatively

E) Desperately

4. Cities in China are growing fast as millions ofpeople ---- to urban areas.

A) gather B) migrate C) occupy

D) issue E) increase

5. Located in Central Europe, Germany is ---- of theNorth German Plain, the Central German Uplands,and the Southern German Highlands.

A) spread out B) brought together

C) held out D) made up

E) taken down

6. Recent excavations in Algeria ---- thatHomoerectus---- there between 500,000 and 750,000years ago.

A) have indicated / resided

B) had indicated / has resided

C) indicated / would reside

D) could have indicated / had been residing

E) indicate / had resided

7. German Chancellor Merkel is under pressurefrom power companies, which ---- to invest in newpower generation projects unless they ---- exemptfrom tough emission requirements.

A) refused / have been

B) refuse / are

C) have refused / had been

D) had refused / will be

E) were refusing / are to be


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8. Although she ---- properly yet, the recipient of theworlds first face transplant ---- well, according tothe first scientific report of the operation.

A) hadnt smiled / would have done

B) didnt smile / will do

C) doesnt smile / may have done

D) couldnt have smiled / does

E) cant smile / is doing

9. To protect whales and dolphins ---- the coast ofHawaii, a court in California has temporarilybanned the US navy from using powerful sonarequipment ---- a military exercise in the area.

A) at / over B) in / on

C) before / through D) off / during

E) within / with

10. As it had in World War I, Argentina proclaimedneutrality ---- the outbreak of World War II, but inthe closing phase it declared war ---- the Axispowers.

A) over / after B) for / with

C) at / on D) about / through

E) from / above

11. During the wars ---- followed the FrenchRevolution, Belgium was occupied by France andlater annexed.

A) whether B) who C) when

D) that E) as

12. The private sector in the Gulf states employsmostly expatriate workers, ---- the majority ofnationals are employed in the public sector withhigher wages and job protection.

A) so that B) just as C) while

D) unless E) in case

13. A series of gas discoveries in recent years in the

Western Desert of Egypt means that a range ofnew export projects must be developed ---- thecountry is to make full use of its new reserves.

A) lest B) although C) after

D) as if E) if

14. Hundreds of deep fjords that cut into thecoastline give Norway an overall oceanfront of ----12,000 miles.

A) more than B) just as

C) the same as D) so far as

E) as well as

15. Made out of metal so that it conducts the charge,the lightning rod is usually located ---- high ----possible because of lightnings tendency to strikethe nearest object to it.

A) so / as B) as / as

C) more / than D) both / and

E) not only / but also


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16. 20. sorularda, aadaki parada numa-ralanm yerlere uygun den szck ya daifadeyi bulunuz.

Ever since Lord Curzon, a member of Britains WorldWar I cabinet, (16)---- that the Allies had floated tovictory on a sea of oil, major industrialized powershave sought oil security. For instance, an imperialistsurge by Japan to secure oil supplies in East Asiaresulted (17)---- the fateful attack on Pearl Harbour.The desire to control Middle East oil pushed theSoviet Union into Afghanistan, and led to SaddamHusseins (18)---- of Kuwait. And in his 1980 State ofthe Union speech, US President Jimmy Carter madeclear Americas own oil-security policy (19)---- hedescribed what would become known as the CarterDoctrine: Any attempt by an outside force to gaincontrol of the Persian Gulf region will be regarded as

an assault on the (20)---- interests of the UnitedStates of America.

16.

A) declares B) declared

C) has declared D) would have declared

E) would declare

17.

A) in B) within C) on

D) below E) of

18.

A) purchase B) exclusion C) invasion

D) negotiation E) illusion

19.

A) in case B) although C) even if

D) when E) so far as

20.

A) tedious B) irrelevant C) redundant

D) vague E) vital

21. 25. sorularda, aadaki parada numa-ralanm yerlere uygun den szck ya daifadeyi bulunuz.

Saturn and its 47 diverse moons have been (21)----the close watch of the Cassini probe since 2004. Theprobes main (22)---- in its planned 74 orbits is togather detailed images of the second largest planet inour solar system, its icy moons and spectacular rings,(23)---- span (24)---- 272,000 kilometres. So far, theprobe (25)---- some of the best images we have ofSaturn, and provided astronomers with a wealth ofnew data.

21.

A) under B) in C) with

D) through E) over

22.

A) stage B) objection

C) assumption D) controversy

E) aim

23.

A) whatever B) where C) who

D) which E) whereas

24.

A) completely B) almost C) largely

D) adversely E) slightly

25.

A) is capturing B) captures

C) has captured D) had captured

E) will capture


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26. 35. sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygunekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

26. If the cost of health benefits for working people ina country rises, ----.

A) soaring health costs are one of the big factorsthat have crippled the economy

B) usually employers cut wages or pass on thecosts as higher prices to customers

C) firms should, in fact, be indifferent to whetherthey pay employees cash wages or benefits

D) those costs have nearly doubled this decadealone in many industrialized countries

E) the current economic difficulties have forced

politicians to focus on health reform

27. ---- that bats use ultrasonic beams to followinsects through the dark.

A) A group of students are experimenting

B) Scientists had wondered

C) A great deal of evidence needs to be gathered

D) Its long been known

E) Over the years, no scientist has questioned

28. ----, while just 1.7 tonnes of corn yields the sameresult.

A) A team of scientists has claimed that thetraditional methods of production in plastics areextremely costly and have an adverse impact onthe environment

B) It has been announced that a company in China,sponsored by the government, is planning toharvest plastics from crops of corn

C) Eight tonnes of crude oil are currently needed tocreate one tonne of polyol, which is an alcoholicsubstance used in a number of plastics

D) Scientists are now using a new type ofmicroscope that lets them view internalstructures of materials in greater detail than everbefore

E) The device the companys scientists use utilizesX-ray analysis technology and reveals chemical

compositions of objects being studied

29. ----, but it failed to halt the rise of Adolf Hitler andthe Nazi war machine.

A) During World War II, France was split into aGerman-occupied north and an unoccupied

south

B) Following World War II, France turned itsattention to its African colonies, where there wasa growing demand from the natives forindependence

C) After a series of extremely savage battles, Alliedarmies liberated France in August 1944 from theGerman occupation

D) In May 1940, the Germans marched into anundefended Paris, and in the following month theFrench government signed an armistice

E) Beginning in 1919, French foreign policy aimedat keeping Germany weak through a system ofalliances

30. Although there were plenty of sceptics whenMauritius tried a decade ago to become anoffshore financial centre, ----.

A) it has partly attained its goal, since it now hosts19 national and international banks

B) it has built a textile industry that has made thecountry relatively prosperous

C) last month it brought in a new labour law, makingit easier to hire and fire

D) it imports most of its food and energy as risingworld prices are pushing up inflation

E) much of the economy remains concentrated inthe hands of a few local magnates

31. In his opinion, poetry is essentially an effort toelude facts, ----.

A) since he had been regarded as a promisingyoung poet

B) whereas prose is essentially a means ofunearthing and exhibiting them

C) but his poems have been published inrespectable literary journals

D) because many critics share the view that poetsshould be concerned with politics

E) if many prose writers enjoy writing about socialand cultural issues


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32. Missions to the Moons previously unvisitedmountains and polar regions will aid the searchfor water, ----.

A) since the first crewed mission will be planned for

the far side of the Moon

B) whereby test landings are scheduled to begin in2010

C) which is vital to any future lunar base to be setup by NASA

D) even if the mission aims to land astronauts onthe surface of the Moon by 2015

E) even though dense clouds of interstellar dustconceal the heart of our galaxy

33. New radiocarbon dating of fossils suggests ----.

A) that mass extinctions of mammoths and wild

horses 10,000 years ago were caused by naturalclimate shifts

B) whether humans were to blame for extensivedestruction in the natural world and also for thepollution of the oceans

C) how scientists began to understand clearly whatdinosaurs ate and why they disappeared fromthe face of the Earth

D) if an olive branch buried for thousands of yearsin volcanic ash could have revealed the fate ofthe great Minoan civilization on the Greek islandof Thera

E) when it was scientifically established thatdinosaurs belonged to a large group of reptilescalled archosauria

34. ----, it would be regarded as a disaster at homeand abroad.

A) Since power generation in China fell by 7% lastyear

B) As India had enjoyed a big economic advantageover China

C) Because unrest and even insurgency arewidespread in many countries

D) If Chinas growth rate were to fall to 5% or less

E) While India is considered to be a majoreconomic power

35. In the early years of the global warming debate,there was great controversy over ----.

A) while China has been blamed for the climatecrisis today

B) although scientists have concluded that thiswarming is dangerous

C) since the details of future forecasts aboutwarming remain unclear

D) that warming would be a significant problem inthe decades ahead

E) whether the planet was indeed warming


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36. 40. sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleyeanlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi bulunuz.

36. Despite the rapid industrialization of countriessuch as China and India, climate change isneither any one countrys fault nor any onecountrys responsibility.

A) in ve Hindistann hzl sanayilemesi nedeniyleoluan iklim deiiklii, kesinlikle baka bir lke-nin suu veya sorumluluu deildir.

B) in ve Hindistan gibi lkelerin hzl sanayileme-lerine ramen, iklim deiiklii, ne herhangi tekbir lkenin hatasdr, ne de herhangi tek bir lke-nin sorumluluudur.

C) in ve Hindistan dahil, pek ok lkenin hzla sa-nayilemesi sonucu ortaya kan iklim deiiklii,herhangi bir lkenin suu olmad gibi, sorumlu-luu da deildir.

D) Tek bir lkenin suu veya sorumluluu olmayaniklim deiiklii, in ve Hindistan dahil, pek oklkenin hzla sanayilemesi sonucunda ortayakmtr.

E) in ve Hindistann yan sra, eitli lkelerinhzla sanayilemesi, iklim deiikliine yol a-m olup, tek bir lke sulu veya sorumlu de-ildir.

37. Americas conventional military superiority haspushed its enemies inevitably towardsinsurgency to achieve their objectives.

A) Amerikann klasik asker stnl, dmanla-rn, amalarn gerekletirmek iin, kanlmazolarak ayaklanmaya itmitir.

B) Klasik asker gc nedeniyle, Amerikann d-manlar, hedeflerine ulaabilmek iin, hi ekin-meden ayaklanma yolunu semilerdir.

C) Amerikann klasik askergcn bilen dman-lar, amalarnda baarl olmak iin, ister iste-mez ayaklanma yoluna gitmilerdir.

D) Amerikann klasik askerstnlnn sonucuolarak, dmanlar, ayaklanma yoluna giderek,amalarna ulamay benimsemilerdir.

E) Amerikann klasik askergcnden ekinendmanlar, ancak ayaklanma yoluyla hedef-lerine ulaabileceklerini fark etmilerdir.

38. Deprived of the moderating effects of the oceans,much of Central Asia experiences bitterly coldwinters and boiling hot summers.

A) Orta Asya ounlukla okyanuslarn yumuatc

etkilerinden uzak olduu iin, burada klar oksouk ve yazlar olduka scak olur.

B) Orta Asya, okyanuslarn yumuatc etkilerindenuzak olduu iin, pek ok blgede klar oldukasert ve yazlar da son derece scak geer.

C) Orta Asyann pek ok blgesinde klarn oksert ve yazlarn ok scak gemesi, okyanuslarnyumuatc etkilerinin burada bulunmamasndan-dr.

D) Okyanuslarn yumuatc etkilerinden yoksunolan Orta Asyann byk blm, ok sert soukklar ve son derece scak yazlar yaar.

E) Orta Asya, okyanuslarn yumuatc etkilerindentamamiyle yoksundur ve dolaysyla bu blgedeklar olabildiince souk, yazlar ise dayanlmazderecede scak geer.

39. There are still places in the world where one cango to dive and see very little indication of humanimpact.

A) Hl dnyann pek ok yerinde dal yaplabilirve insan etkisinin ok az belirtisi grlebilir.

B) Dnyada hl yle yerler vardr ki dal yapmakiin buralara gidilebilir ve buralarda insan etkisi-nin ok az belirtisi grlebilir.

C) Dal yapmak iin gidilebilecek ve insan etkisininok az grlebilecei yerleri dnyada hl bul-mak mmkndr.

D) Dnyada, insan etkisinin ok az olduu ve dalyapmak iin gidilebilecek hl pek ok yer bulun-maktadr.

E) Dnyada, dal yapmak iin gidilebilecek ve in-san etkisinin ok az belirtisi grlebilecek yerlerhl mevcuttur.


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40. The Democratic Republic of Congos governmentset up a special commission last week to reviewat least 60 mining contracts signed in the last tenyears.

A) Son on yl iinde imzalanm olan 60 kadar ma-dencilik szlemesi, Demokratik Kongo Cumhuri-yeti hkmetinin geen hafta oluturmu olduuzel bir komisyonca incelenecektir.

B) Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti hkmetince ge-en hafta kurulan zel komisyon, ncelikle sonon yl iinde imzalanm olan 60 kadar madenci-lik szlemesini inceleyecektir.

C) Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti hkmeti, son onylda imzalanm olan en az 60 madencilik sz-lemesini gzden geirmek iin, geen hafta zelbir komisyon kurmutur.

D) Son on ylda imzalanm olan yaklak 60 ma-dencilik szlemesinin gzden geirilmesi ama-cyla, Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti hkmeti,zel bir komisyonu geen hafta oluturmutur.

E) Geen hafta Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti h-kmetince kurulan zel komisyonun amac, sonon ylda imzalanm bulunan 60 kadar madenci-lik szlemesini deerlendirmektir.

41. 45. sorularda, verilen Trke cmleyeanlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi bulunuz.

41. Tm AB devletleri, Ekonomi ve Para Birliininparas olmalarna ramen, AB lkelerinin tm,Avro blgesinin paras deildir.

A) Since the Economic and Monetary Unionconsists of all the EU states, the inclusion in theeuro area of every EU country is not out of place.

B) Although all EU states are part of the Economicand Monetary Union, not all EU countries arepart of the euro area.

C) Even if EU states all make up the Economic andMonetary Union, the euro area does not includeevery EU country.

D) Even though every EU country is not included inthe euro area, the Economic and MonetaryUnion is made up of all the EU states.

E) It is unlikely that every EU country, which is partof the Economic and Monetary Union, will alsobe part of the EU area.

42. ou bilim insan, yllarca, gezegenimizdeki eko-lojik sistemlerin dengesinin gerekten ne denlihassas olduunun nemini kavramamtr.

A) For years, most scientists have underestimated

just how delicate the balance of the ecologicalsystems on our planet really is.

B) The question as to whether the ecologicalsystems on our planet have a delicate balancehas in fact been overlooked for years by manyscientists.

C) The ecological systems on our planet are sodelicate that, for years, most scientists have notreally taken them into account.

D) Our planets ecological systems, which are reallyextremely delicate, have been neglected foryears by various scientists.

E) Many scientists have failed for years tounderstand that our planets ecological systemsare indeed very delicate.

43. Mevcut kresel kriz nedeniyle uluslararas ticare-tin kmesi, kalknma iktisatlarn, ticareti, birbyme motoru olarak grme konusunda kuku-landrmtr.

A) The fact that trade is an engine of growth hasbeen dismissed by development economists,since the current global crisis has caused thecollapse of international trade.

B) The current global crisis has underminedinternational trade, and this has led developmenteconomists to scepticism about trade as ameans of growth.

C) In view of the current global crisis and itsadverse impact on international trade, manydevelopment economists have come todisregard trade as an engine of growth.

D) Due to the current global crisis and the decline ofinternational trade, development economistsdoubt whether trade can be regarded as aneffective means of growth.

E) The collapse of international trade due to thecurrent global crisis has made developmenteconomists sceptical about regarding trade asan engine of growth.


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44. Her yabanc yazarn ine bak as, iinde b-yd lke ile biimlenir.

A) For a foreign writer, in order to have an opinionof China, he should first know his own country

where he has grown up.

B) A foreign writers attitude towards the Chinese isessentially inspired by the country in which hehas grown up.

C) How a foreign writer understands China dependsa great deal on the country he originally comesfrom.

D) Every foreign writers perspective on China isshaped by the country, in which he grew up.

E) Before a foreign writer can understand China, heought to focus in the first place on his own

country in which he was born.

45. OPECin ikinci en byk petrol ihracats olarak,ran, halknn artan enerji gereksinimlerini karla-mak amacyla, sadece nkleer yakt elde etmekiin uranyumu zenginletirmek istediini iddia et-mektedir.

A) Although Iran is the second largest oil exportingcountry in OPEC, it still continues to enrichuranium for the production of nuclear fuel and,thus, solve the rising energy crisis faced by itspeople.

B) Iran, which is OPECs second largest oilexporter, is resolved to enrich uranium and, thus,make nuclear fuel so that the desperate energyneeds of its people can be met.

C) As OPECs second largest oil exporter, Iranclaims that it wants to enrich uranium only tomake nuclear fuel to meet the growing energyneeds of its people.

D) By enriching uranium, Iran, the second largest oilexporting OPEC member, intends to producenuclear fuel in order to meet its peoplesincreasing energy needs.

E) Still OPECs second largest oil exporter, Iranclaims that it wishes to produce nuclear fuel byenriching uranium for the growing energy needsof its people.

46. 51. sorularda, bo braklan yere, para-da anlam btnln salamak iin getirile-bilecek cmleyi bulunuz.

46. The Africans who go abroad to work usually sendmoney back home to pay for their relativesmedical care, education, and housing. Today,most African countries get the largest part oftheir foreign exchange earnings from suchremittances. ---- Without this subsidy, Africasdictators would have to face the politicalconsequences of an angry population.

A) In Africa, foreign aid goes mostly to thosegovernments that have mismanaged theireconomies.

B) There are over three million Nigerians in the USand another one million in Britain.

C) From a quarter to almost 50% of university-educated graduates from Ghana, Uganda, andKenya leave their countries to work in the West.

D) Ironically, African citizens abroad subsidize statecorruption.

E) About three million middle-class Zimbabweanshave migrated to South Africa since 1999.

47. The United States and its allies cannot remain inAfghanistan indefinitely. For them, building acapable Afghan security force and a credibleAfghan government is the fastest and mostresponsible exit strategy. ---- On the other hand, asecurity force can only be as good as itsgovernment, and the Afghan government hasbeen crippled by corruption. However, nationalelections scheduled for this year provide anincentive for the Afghan government to continueto improve.

A) Afghans greatest concerns are access toelectricity, jobs, water, and education.

B) Indeed, more US troops are absolutelynecessary to defeat the insurgents inAfghanistan.

C) It is a clear fact that Pakistan is connected to theAfghan insurgency.

D) The Pakistani army remains primarily focused onthe perceived threat from India.

E) However, US efforts so far to reach a decisionfor a complete withdrawal have been mixed.


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48. After more than 30 years without building anuclear plant, US power companies are seekinglicences for over 30 new reactors. In addition,more than 300 reactors have been proposedworldwide. Countries such as Egypt, Nigeria,

Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela have serious plansto build their first nuclear plant. ----

A) In other parts of the world, some 40 reactors arealready under construction, though many havebeen underway for decades with no end in sight.

B) Annual emissions of greenhouse gases areexpected to double by 2050, from a current 7billion tonnes of carbon dioxide each year tomore than 14 billion tonnes.

C) According to a recent report, nuclear power is amajor solution to the Wests growing electricityneeds, and increased nuclear use can

substantially lower greenhouse gas emissions.

D) On the contrary, a countrys use of nuclearpower has much to do with governmentintervention, whether through state loans orstreamlined regulations.

E) Therefore, global electricity demand is estimatedto nearly double by 2030, with nuclear powercurrently accounting for about 15 per cent ofglobal use.

49. For decades, China has been content to let theinvisible hand of the market work its magic on thecountrys economy. But theres one area wherethe government wants to reassert state control:healthcare. ---- Today, nearly 40 per cent of the

population cant afford to see a doctor. Theaverage hospital stay for a Chinese citizen costsnearly as much as an individuals annual percapita income in the country. Healthcaregrievances have been at the heart of thousandsof organized protests countrywide in recentyears.

A) Some hospitals have had to hire securitypersonnel to protect medical staff from angrymobs.

B) By comparison, Japanese pay just 15 per cent oftheir medical spending out of pocket.

C) So the government has recently developed astrategy to provide affordable medical insuranceto 90 per cent of its population by 2010.

D) In fact, the free market reforms in China werefirst initiated in the late 1970s and early 1980s.

E) The Chinese government has already met manyof its economic goals and is now beginning toaddress scientific and technologicaldevelopment.


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50. The African Union is well aware that, althoughAfrica has enormous agricultural potential, it stillremains a major food importer. The majority ofAfricans live in rural areas and depend onagriculture for their livelihood; but the

performance of the agricultural sector has beendismal. In addition to internal and structuralproblems that each African country faces,external setbacks such as climate change andglobal economic instability have made theconditions worse for growth and development inall sectors, including agriculture. ----

A) The vision of the African Union is to achieve anintegrated, prosperous, well-governed, andpeaceful United States of Africa.

B) These are some of the most serious issues thatthe African Union is determined to address asefficiently as possible.

C) Africa seeks to promote existing and agreed-upon shared values across the continent atindividual, national, regional, and internationallevels.

D) All the African countries wish to eliminateongoing conflicts and prevent the occurrence ofnew ones in order to achieve development andintegration.

E) Some of the values cherished and upheld byeach African nation are good governance,democracy, respect for human rights,accountability, and transparency.

51. Turkey offers much for the naturalist, with richmarine ecosystems, abundant birdlife, andelusive larger mammals. Especially the ruggedeastern provinces and also the regions with thickforests harbour a large variety of these mammals.

---- The tulip is perhaps the most famous of these.The great diversity of plants stems not only fromthe variety of habitats, which include arid plainsas well as mountains and temperate woodlands,but also from Turkeys position as a biologicalwatershed at the crossroads of Europe and Asia.

A) There are huge tracts of unspoiled countryside,some of which have been set aside as nationalparks.

B) Unfortunately, Turkish wetlands are under threatfrom dams, drainage, pollution, and climaticchange.

C) The countrys position on the migratory flywaysmakes it a paradise for birdwatchers.

D) The country is also floristically rich, with morethan 11,000 plant species recorded.

E) In winter, the countrys lakes and wetlands holdthousands of wintering wildfowl.


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52. 57. sorularda, verilen durumda sylen-mi olabilecek sz bulunuz.

52. A colleague of yours seems worried that thepaper he is going to present at an internationalconference contains a great deal of radicalargument and that it may provoke theparticipants into strong objections and protestsagainst his views. So you wish to lend yoursupport for his views and encourage him tospeak out confidently. You say:

A) I suggest you get rid of all these provocativeideas, since many people at the conference willoppose you vehemently and try to silence you.

B) Your views may be provocative and, therefore,displease others, but I know they are sound. Sodont be discouraged.

C) It is incomprehensible to me why you shouldalways attempt to provoke other people and, in away, subvert the conference.

D) Everybody knows that you are a radical andalways cause trouble at international academicgatherings. So I advise you to be careful.

E) This conference you are going to attend is notthe right occasion for you to express yourprovocative views. I would advise you not to getinvolved in a row.

53. As a literary critic, you are asked to expressbriefly your opinion of a novel recently published.You have read the novel and noticed somestructural and stylistic defects in it. So you say:

A) I am fully convinced that, like me, other criticswill be much impressed by the novel as it dealswith serious issues.

B) In my opinion, it will take a long time before thenovel really draws the attention of the readingpublic.

C) With regard to the novel, I should stress in the

first place that the authors portrayal of thecharacters is very disappointing indeed.

D) Although the author of the novel has a great dealof capacity for creativity, he is so much under theinfluence of other novelists that he lacksoriginality.

E) As far as I am concerned, it is not a verysuccessful novel, as it lacks clarity and hascertain plot problems.

54. As the chairman of a committee, you must callthe members to an unscheduled but urgentmeeting. So you phone them each and, with yourapologies, inform them about the meeting. Yousay:

A) I am wondering whether all the committeemembers will be available to attend a meetinglater today.

B) This is your chairman calling. We are going tohave a meeting, which I want you to attendwithout any excuse.

C) As a committee, we have to come togetherimmediately. I am sorry about this, as it iscontrary to our usual practice.

D) Our committee needs to meet as soon aspossible. I am sure you have no objection

whatsoever.

E) I am asking you and the other members to cometo my office right away for a meeting. No onemust be absent.

55. You have been invited to give a talk on thecurrent global economic crisis. Yet you feel that,following your talk, there will be questions which

may get you involved in a domestic politicaldebate. Since you dont wish to be part of such adebate, you decide to decline the invitation. Soyou say:

A) I am afraid my talk on the current crisis in theworld economy may in the end turn into acontroversy over domestic politics, which is notwhat I want. So you will have to excuse me fromgiving the talk.

B) Before I can accept your invitation for a talk onthe world economy, you must assure me thatthere will be no questions concerning domesticpolitics.

C) I know out of experience that such issues as thecurrent economic crisis in the world areextremely controversial, and I am absolutely surethat questions will be asked about domesticpolicies.

D) There is no doubt that the world economic crisishas its adverse impact on domestic policies,which I wouldnt like to touch on in my talk.

E) I have decided mainly to focus in my talk on theglobal effects of the current economic crisis, but Iam also prepared to answer questionsconcerning domestic political issues.


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56. Youve lent a friend of yours one of the referencebooks in your own personal library, which youoften use for your own research. Although hepromised you to return it soon, he hasnt doneso, and you need the book urgently. You are

upset and say to him:

A) Should you need other books for reference, youjust let me know, and you neednt worry aboutreturning the book soon, which I have alreadylent you.

B) I hope the book I gave you has been most usefulfor your research; you can give it back to mewhen you dont need it any longer.

C) Since you havent kept your word about the bookyou borrowed from me, I am really angry; it is anindispensable source for my research, and Ineed it now.

D) Since my library has a number of referencebooks, you can borrow them whenever you needthem, and you neednt hurry to return the oneIve lent you.

E) You said you would return the reference book Ilent you. It is alright; I am using other sources formy research.

57. You are lecturing on the Industrial Revolution andthe economic changes it brought about inEngland in the late 18

thand early 19

thcenturies.

You conclude your lecture by saying:

A) So, to wrap up, the Industrial Revolution at theend of the 18

thcentury and thereafter altered not

only the foundations of the economy but also thevery assumptions with which people approachedeconomics.

B) Moreover, one can suggest that Britain in the18

thand 19

thcenturies had ample supplies of

coal and a well-developed network of canals, allof which proved important for industrialization.

C) In fact, by the end of the 18th

century and theearly 19

thcentury, London had become the

leading centre for international trade and aheadquarters for the transfer of raw materials,

capital, and manufactured products throughoutthe world.

D) Actually, the Industrial Revolution began withdramatic technological leaps in a few industriestowards the end of the 18

thcentury and the early

19th

century, the first of which was cotton textiles.

E) Undoubtedly, at the end of the 18th

century andduring the early decades of the 19

thcentury,

expanding networks of trade and finance inBritain created new markets for goods and newsources of raw materials.


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58. 63. sorularda, cmleler srasyla okun-duunda parann anlam btnln bozancmleyi bulunuz.

58. (I) Although about 1,400 seed banks exist worldwide,Norways massive Svalbard Global Seed Vaultdwarfs them all and aims to safeguard duplicates ofthe seeds. (II) Stored seeds are frequently lostbecause of natural disasters, war, and warmtemperatures. (III) However, the United Nationspredicts that 70% of the worlds population will live inurban areas by 2050. (IV) So, Svalbard was built towithstand these challenges. (V) The facility is remote,located 1,000 kilometres beyond mainland Norwaysnorthernmost tip.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

59. (I) On 26 July 1956, Egypt seized the Suez Canal.(II) Egypts president at the time, Colonel GamalAbdel Nasser, announced the nationalization of theSuez Canal Company. (III) His main aim was toprovide funding for the construction of the AswanHigh Dam. (IV) Violence is endemic in the MiddleEast even as the geopolitical landscape is changingrapidly. (V) His unilateral decision led to the invasionof the Canal area by a joint British and French force.


60. (I) In 1991, the United States and the Soviet Unionsigned a historic treaty reducing their stockpiles ofnuclear warheads by about a third. (II) The Obamaadministration has not lost its way despite themyriad problems left behind by the previousadministration. (III) The treaty, known as START(The Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty), was signed in

Moscow by US President George Bush and Sovietleader Mikhail Gorbachev. (IV) At a joint newsconference after the signing ceremony, both Mr Bushand Mr Gorbachev strongly and enthusiasticallypraised the treaty. (V) Especially, Mr Bush describedit as a significant step forward in dispelling half acentury of mistrust.


61. (I) When we exercise, our body naturally producesheat. (II) Exercising in extreme temperaturestherefore provides an added stress on our body tocool down. (III) In fact, our body cools down byredirecting the flow of blood to the skin, so the

evaporation of sweat can dissipate heat from theblood. (IV) Unfortunately, individuals who take part inoutdoor activities such as tennis, golf, or running areat greater risk of physical injury. (V) However, whenthe climate is humid, sweat cannot evaporate fromthe skin, and the body struggles to cool down.


62. (I) Ancient Lycia lay in the mountainous areabetween modern Fethiye and Antalya. (II) It wasnt asingle country, but a federation of 19 independentcities. (III) The people of Lycia must have regardedburials as an important aspect of their religion, forthey cut hundreds of tombs into cliff faces and cragsthat can be seen throughout the area today.(IV) These tombs were probably copies of domesticarchitecture, intended as houses for the dead.(V) Not much is known about the early history ofPatara, although it was an influential member of theLycian League.


63. (I) Sprawling across a vast plain at an altitude ofalmost 2,000 metres and ringed by mountains,Erzurum is one of Turkeys coldest cities. (II) It is alsoby far the most developed city in the region.(III) Erzincans history has been marked byearthquakes, notably those of 1939 and 1992.(IV) Because it was located astride the main caravan

route from India to Europe and controlled thepassage between the Caucasus and Anatolia,Erzurum was fought over and ruled by many peoplesfrom the Byzantines to the Ottomans. (V) Yet its mostfamous sights date from Seljuk times.



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64. 69. sorularda, verilen cmleye anlamcaen yakn olan cmleyi bulunuz.

64. At the end of World War II, Algerian nationalistscalled on the Allies to recognize Algeriasindependence in return for their good serviceduring the war.

A) When World War II ended, Algerian nationalists,claiming that Algeria had made a usefulcontribution during the war, appealed to theAllies to acknowledge as right the independenceof their country.

B) As soon as World War II ended, the Allies wereapproached by Algerian nationalists to grantindependence to Algeria, since they hadbenefited from the resources of the country.

C) Algerian nationalists had served the Allies sowell during World War II that, as soon as the warended, they expected them to grant fullindependence.

D) Following World War II, in which Algeria hadplayed a useful part, the Allies were required byAlgerian nationalists to grant independence totheir country.

E) Since Algeria had offered the Allies variousservices during World War II, Algeriannationalists were keen to secure with Alliedsupport the independence of their country.

65. The increasing wealth of late medieval Europetransformed the social structure of Europeansociety.

A) Europe in the Middle Ages accumulated muchwealth, and this was due to new developments inEuropean social life.

B) In the late Middle Ages, Europe becameincreasingly rich, and this led to a structuralchange in society.

C) The social changes witnessed in Europe towardsthe end of the Middle Ages were wholly relatedto contemporary economic prosperity.

D) European society in the late Middle Agesunderwent a process of change due to the rise ofwealthy classes.

E) It was at the close of the Middle Ages thatEurope experienced a major social andeconomic transformation.

66. The eighteenth century witnessed the last phaseof Baroque music and had two of the greatestcomposers of all time: Bach and Handel.

A) The eighteenth century was noted for its interest

in Baroque music, and at the time both Bach andHandel were the most notable representatives ofthis music.

B) It was in the eighteenth century that Baroquemusic became most popular and that Bach andHandel were recognized as the most famouscomposers of the time.

C) Bach and Handel were so admired in theeighteenth century that they were regarded asthe greatest composers of Baroque music.

D) Baroque music reached its final stage ofdevelopment in the eighteenth century, which

also produced Bach and Handel, regarded asthe greatest composers ever.

E) The development of Baroque music reached itsclimax in the eighteenth century when, as thegreatest Baroque composers, Bach and Handelcreated the best of their music.

67. The attack on the World Trade Center in 2001gave the term globalization a new andfrightening meaning.

A) When the World Trade Center was attacked in2001, the meaning of the term globalizationchanged completely.

B) Because of the attack in 2001 on the WorldTrade Center, the term globalization hasacquired a meaning which is both horrific andunusual.

C) The usual meaning of the term globalizationwas further broadened by the terrifying attack in2001 on the World Trade Center.

D) The term globalization has lost its usualmeaning in the aftermath of the attack in 2001 onthe World Trade Center.

E) Following the attack in 2001 on the World TradeCenter, further meanings have been given to theterm globalization.


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68. The city of Port Elizabeth lies in one of SouthAfricas poorest provinces, a region burdenedwith 40 per cent unemployment.

A) The city of Port Elizabeth is situated in a

province in South Africa that is one of thepoorest, suffering from an unemployment rate of40 per cent.

B) The province in which lies the city of PortElizabeth is completely underdeveloped due to a40 per cent rate of unemployment.

C) The city of Port Elizabeth is so poor that theprovince in which it is situated has anunemployment rate of 40 per cent.

D) One of the least prosperous provinces in SouthAfrica is that of Port Elizabeth, whereunemployment has risen to 40 per cent.

E) South Africa has several least developedprovinces, in one of which lies the city of PortElizabeth, with a rate of 40 per centunemployment.

69. With an economic growth over the past decade of

nearly 50 per cent, Ireland enjoys a level ofprosperity greater than that of Britain.

A) Unlike Britain, Ireland has much prosperity sinceit has done its best over the past decade toachieve an economic growth of 50 per cent.

B) Irelands prosperity, which is much higher thanthat of Britain, has led to a 50 per cent rate ofeconomic growth over the past decade.

C) Both Britain and Ireland enjoy a high level ofprosperity, which has resulted from a 50 per centrate of economic growth over the last ten years.

D) Irelands economic growth over the past decadehas been just 50 per cent, and this has led thecountry to a level of prosperity which iscomparable to that of Britain.

E) During the past ten years, Ireland achievedalmost 50 per cent economic growth, which hasenabled it to become more prosperous thanBritain.

70. 75. sorularda, karlkl konumann bobraklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bu-lunuz.

70. Susan:- Do you know that every year 130 million tonnes

of Americas trash ends up in landfills?

Harry:- Oh, yes, I certainly do, and more than that.

Susan:- ----

Harry:- Well, together all these landfills emit more of

the greenhouse gas methane than any otherhuman-related source.

A) Is it true that some American building companiesuse inorganic refuse such as metals in roadbedsand heavy construction?

B) Do you mean engineers have developed anefficient way of dealing with trash?

C) What do you mean exactly? You seem to beimplying something.

D) America produces more trash than any othercountry in the world, doesnt it?

E) Dont you think such a huge volume of trash canbe processed to produce electricity?


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71. John:- For our investments, we should consider

tourism as a new area.

Edmund:

- Agreed. In fact, tourism has now become theworlds biggest industry.

John:- ----

Edmund:- I certainly think so. Therefore, it is of vital

importance for the economies of many of theworlds poorest nations.

A) Moreover, travel enriches ones life. Dont youagree?

B) Actually, it fuels economic growth, doesnt it?

C) Do you believe that travelling broadens ourexperience of the world?

D) Furthermore, tourism enables people to exploreother cultures and geographies. Right?

E) Yes, true. Yet, worldwide mobility because oftourism has its drawbacks. Do you agree?

72. Bill:- As a firm, we are doing our best for fuel

improvement.

Bob:- Indeed, we must develop new technologies to

reduce the environmental impact of gasolineand diesel.

Bill:- ----

Bob:- Yes, of course. Also you know we have already

developed an innovative formula designed tohelp reduce fuel consumption.

A) Have other firms been investing in long-term

solutions like hydrogen fuel?

B) Can you tell me how we can produce fuels fromlots of different sources in order to meet thegrowing demand?

C) Dont you think the solution is a combination ofcleaner fuels and cleaner engines?

D) How can we produce lead-free and low-sulphurfuels?

E) Is the burning of coal and gas for lighting,heating, and cooking one of the causes of localair pollution?

73. Mary:- The other day I was reading an interesting

article on the Black Death.

Tony:

- You mean the terrible plague that devastatedEurope in the 14

thcentury?

Mary:- ----

Tony:- Also throughout villages, towns and cities. As a

result, the population of Europe was cut nearlyin half.

A) Right. I didnt know that its effects were worst inconfined places like hospitals, prisons, andmonasteries.

B) According to a contemporary account, the city ofFlorence lost 96,000 people between March andOctober of 1348.

C) European men and women were convinced thatthe plague had been sent as a divinepunishment.

D) However, as one learns from the article, theplague did not last long, but actually began todissipate by 1351.

E) I feel that more study must be made of the socialand political impact the plague had on medievalEurope in general.


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74. Malcolm:- I believe a great deal of research needs to be

made of Martin Luther King and his ideas.

Jacob:

- I fully agree with you, since he was thepreeminent figure in the civil rights movementsstarted by blacks in the United States during the1960s.

Malcolm:- ----

Jacob:- On the contrary. Fundamentally, he aspired to a

fully integrated nation of all the Americans.

A) Before King, various civil rights groups inAmerica had started to organize boycotts anddemonstrations to condemn racial discriminationagainst blacks in all walks of life.

B) Unfortunately, his inspiring career as a defenderof civil rights in America was tragically ended byassassination in 1968.

C) In fact, civil rights laws passed under PresidentLyndon B. Johnson in the 1960s did bringAmerican blacks some measure of equality withregard to voting rights.

D) Yes, of course. Yet, hes been accused ofseeking complete independence from whitesociety.

E) As you know, the civil rights movements of the1960s in America clearly showed the chasmbetween the egalitarian promises of Americandemocracy and the real inequalities at the coreof American social and political life.

75. Winston:- What does the term global village really

mean?

Stanley:

- Oh, well, it is essentially related to the globalflow of information.

Winston:- ----

Stanley:- Alright, I will try. Beginning in the 1990s,

increasingly sophisticated computers havebrought people into instant communicationover the internet with each other acrosscontinents in new cultural and political settings,and this has had a great impact on the everydaylives of men and women around the world.

A) In other words, are you suggesting thatadvances in electronic technologies haveprovided new worldwide platforms andconnections for commercial interests?

B) Do you mean the wide-ranging effects ofinformation technologies on political strugglesaround the globe?

C) Are you saying that electronic systems anddevices designed to create, store and shareinformation have become more powerful andaccessible?

D) Are you claiming that embattled ethnic minorities

have found worldwide audiences through on-linecampaign sites?

E) What does that exactly mean? Can you be morespecific?


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76. 80. sorular aadaki paraya grecevaplaynz.

A key feature of globalization has been thetransformation of the world economy, highlighted bythe rapid integration of markets since 1970. In aseries of historic changes, the internationalagreements that had regulated the movement ofpeople, goods, and money since World War II wereoverturned. To begin with, the postwar economicarrangements sealed by various treaties steadilyeroded in the late 1960s, as Western industrialnations faced a double burden of inflation andeconomic stagnation. A crucial shift in monetarypolicy occurred in 1971, when the United Statesabandoned the postwar gold standard and allowedthe dollar to range freely. As a result, formalregulations on currencies, international banking, and

lending among states faded away. They werereplaced with an informal network of arrangementsmanaged autonomously by large private lenders,their political friends in leading Western states, andindependent financial agencies such as theInternational Monetary Fund (IMF) and the WorldBank. The economists and administrators whodominated these new networks steered away fromthe interventionist policies that had shaped postwarplanning and recovery. Instead, they relied on abroad range of market-driven models termedneoliberalism.

76. It is indicated in the passage that the economicperformance in the postwar period ----.

A) totally eliminated the economic stagnationexperienced by Western industrial nations

B) primarily depended on policies formulated by theInternational Monetary Fund

C) was mainly based on policies that allowed stateintervention

D) was so good that leading industrial statesremained indifferent to neoliberalism

E) had a positive impact on the development ofinternational banking

77. As clearly stressed in the passage, the worldeconomy ----.

A) underwent a process of radical change after1970, with markets quickly intergrating

B) has never recovered from the adverse effects ofinflation since World War II

C) is now fully managed only by the InternationalMonetary Fund and the World Bank

D) was affected by globalization for only a relativelyshort period after 1970

E) is constantly manipulated by the United Statesand other leading Western countries

78. It is clearly pointed out in the passage that theUnited States decision in 1971 to give up thepostwar gold standard ----.

A) greatly undermined the process of globalizationin the following decades and has since led theworld economy into a serious crisis

B) has been the primary cause of the chronicinflation and economic stagnation faced by therest of the world

C) was essentially inspired by new economicmodels based on free-market policies andneoliberal practices

D) was extremely important, since it overturnedinternational currency and banking regulations

E) was the natural outcome of the wide range ofeconomic arrangements made in the postwarperiod in the West


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79. As can be understood from the passage, theInternational Monetary Fund and the World Bank----.

A) have always been regarded with suspicion by

industrialized Western nations

B) develop policies that give priority to stateintervention in the management of the economy

C) have always introduced new formal regulationsfor currencies and international banking

D) recruit only those economists who stronglysupport interventionist economic policies

E) are financial bodies that are free from anyintervention by an outside authority

80. It is suggested in the passage that neoliberalism----.

A) signifies the economic policies that have beenpractised by the West since World War II

B) is a term that refers to widely different models ofthe market economy

C) has always been disregarded by World Bankeconomists and administrators

D) is primarily concerned with the free movement ofpeople and goods in the world

E) has been more dominant in the United Statesthan in any of the other industrial nations


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During the latter part of 1980, Iraq invaded Iran andhoped to seize its southern oil fields. Irancounterattacked. The result was a murderous eight-year conflict marked by the use of chemical weaponsand human waves of young Iranian radicals fightingthe Soviet-armed Iraqis. The war ended with Iransdefeat, but not the collapse of its theocratic regime. Inthe short term, their long defence of Iraniannationalism left the mullahs more entrenched athome, while abroad they used their oil revenues toback grass-roots radicalism in Lebanon and militantselsewhere who engaged in anti-Western terrorism.Over the years, the strongest threats to the Iranianregime ultimately have come from within, from a newgeneration of young students and workers who have

discovered that their prospects for prosperity anddemocratic rights have not changed much since thedays of the shah.

81. According to the passage, the Iranian regime ----.

A) has always been aware of the need to grant tothe people their democratic rights

B) was adversely affected by the war with Iraq andlost much of its power

C) has introduced radical economic policies toincrease its oil revenues

D) has failed to gain the unanimous support of thepeople in the country

E) wholly relies on young radicals in the country,who are inspired by nationalism

82. It is clear from the passage thatIraqs invasion ofIran ----.

A) led to a war, which, in the end, settled the issueof the southern oil fields

B) was sheer aggression, motivated by aneconomic purpose

C) significantly weakened the authority of theIranian mullahs

D) was strongly opposed by the Soviet governmentof the time

E) provoked Iranian students and workers into anti-regime demonstrations

83. As can be seen from the passage, the warbetween Iran and Iraq ----.

A) lasted under a decade and caused a great dealof bloodshed

B) was actually a war of attrition, with no victory for

either side

C) greatly undermined the prosperity of the Iranianpeople

D) made it necessary for the Iranian regime to useall its oil revenues for weapons

E) was fought on both sides with weapons providedby the Soviets


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84. It is stressed in the passage that, with the moneyearned from oil exports, Iran ----.

A) financed a series of projects to strengthennationalism among young radicals

B) made huge investments to upgrade the capacityof its southern oil fields

C) re-armed its army and, thus, was able to resistthe Iraqi invasion

D) carried out economic reforms to improve theliving standards of its people

E) sponsored radical political movements in othercountries

85. According to the passage, some segments ofIranian society have ultimately become aware ofthe fact that ----.

A) the Iran-Iraq war resulted from the Iranian

regimes failure to cooperate with Iraq

B) the Iranian government is wasting the countrysoil revenues on unfeasible projects

C) the new Iranian regime has not met theireconomic and political expectations

D) the future of the regime in the countryfundamentally depends on young radicals

E) the power of the mullahs in the country is not sostrong as has generally been assumed


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Until the late thirteenth century, European maritimecommerce had been divided between aMediterranean and a North Atlantic world. Startingaround 1270, however, Italian merchants began tosail through the Strait of Gibraltar and on to the wool-producing regions of England and the Netherlands.This was the essential first step in the extension ofMediterranean commerce and colonization into theAtlantic Ocean. The second step was the discoveryby Genoese sailors, during the fourteenth century, ofthe Atlantic island chains known as the Canaries andthe Azores. Efforts to colonize the Canary Islandsand to convert and enslave their inhabitants beganalmost immediately. But an effective conquest of theCanary Islands did not begin until the fifteenth

century, when it was undertaken by Portugal andcompleted by Spain. The Canaries, in turn, becamethe base from which further Portuguese voyagesdown the west coast of Africa proceeded. They werealso the jumping-off point from which ChristopherColumbus would sail westward across the AtlanticOcean in hopes of reaching Asia.

86. It is clear from the passage that the Europeandiscovery and conquest of the Canary Islands inthe fourteenth and fifteenth centuries ----.

A) actually had no commercial and maritimesignificance, but became the major cause ofrivalry between Portugal and Spain

B) strategically paved the way for furtherexplorations along coastal West Africa andacross the Atlantic Ocean

C) could have been prevented if the natives had

been politically united to resist conversion andcolonization

D) caused so much excitement across Europe thatespecially Italian merchants were keen to usethe islands as their commercial base

E) had an adverse impact on the Netherlandsmaritime trade with England and other countriesin northern Europe

87. As suggested in the passage, in medieval Europebefore 1270, ----.

A) Spanish and Portuguese sailors had attemptedto explore the west coast of Africa and enslave

the natives

B) only Italian merchants had had the monopoly toimport wool from England and the Netherlands

C) some daring attempts had been made toconquer and colonize the Canaries and theAzores

D) there had been two major zones for maritimetrade: the Mediterranean and the North Atlantic

E) there had been continual efforts especially by thePortuguese to convert West African natives toChristianity

88. It is asserted in the passage that, in the latethirteenth century, ----.

A) Italian merchants were first able to carry theirMediterranean trade into England and theNetherlands

B) the Strait of Gibraltar gained so much strategicimportance that it became a territorial issuebetween Spain and Portugal

C) the Europeans soon realized that there was a

great deal of profit to be made by slave tradeacross the Atlantic

D) both England and the Netherlands emerged asthe only major colonizing powers in the NorthAtlantic

E) the Italians absolutely dominated the trade in theMediterranean and strongly opposed othernations attempts to benefit from it


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89. As stated in the passage, the Canary Islands ----.

A) were more densely populated than the Azores,which played no part in transatlantic trade

B) had already been Christianized before they werediscovered and colonized

C) were not so important as the Azores in theincrease of trade along the West African coast

D) did not interest Christopher Columbus at all inhis voyages across the Atlantic

E) were subjected to colonization soon after theywere discovered by the Genoese

90. As can be inferred from the passage, ChristopherColumbus ----.

A) hoped that his westward voyage across theAtlantic would ultimately take him to Asia

B) learned much from Genoese sailors about thelocations of the Canaries and the Azores

C) had taken part earlier in Portuguese voyagesdown the west coast of Africa

D) paid little attention to the strategic and economicimportance of the Canary Islands

E) always dreamed of completely controlling all themaritime commerce with Asia


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Like nearly all the peoples of the ancient world, theRomans took slavery for granted. Nothing in Romesearlier experience had prepared it, however, for thehuge increase in slave numbers that resulted from itswestern and eastern conquests. In 146 B.C., fifty-fivethousand Carthaginians were enslaved after thedestruction of their city; not long before, one hundredand fifty thousand Greek prisoners of war had metthe same fate. By the end of the second century B.C.,there were a million slaves in Italy alone, makingRoman Italy one of the most slave-based economiesknown to history. The majority of these slaves workedas agricultural labourers on the vast estates of theRoman aristocracy. Some of these estates were theresult of earlier Roman conquests within Italy itself.

But others were constructed by aristocrats buying upthe land holdings of thousands of small farmers whofound themselves unable to compete with the greatestate-owners in producing grain for the market.

91. It is pointed out in the passage that, in ancientRome, ----.

A) aristocrats always had the right to determinegrain prices for the market

B) most aristocrats preferred small farmers toslaves as labourers on their farms

C) the production of grain was solely the

responsibility of large numbers of small farmers

D) it was aristocrats that owned huge amounts offarming lands

E) aristocrats were so hostile to small farmers thatthey drove them off their lands

92. It is suggested in the passage that, in their viewof slavery, the Romans ----.

A) attached a great deal of importance to themilitary value of slaves

B) had largely been inspired by the Greeks andsome eastern peoples

C) were not so sophisticated as the other peoples ofthe ancient world

D) began to follow a different policy only after theyhad enslaved the Carthaginians

E) did not differ much from other ancient peoples

93. It is implied in the passage that the early Romans----.

A) had no notion of slavery and knew nothing aboutit

B) were not interested in farming and, therefore,imported their grain

C) were so opposed to aristocrats that they

protected small farmers against them

D) had one political goal: to conquer all the otherpeoples east and west

E) had always been on friendly terms with all thepeoples of the ancient world


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94. It is clear from the passage that, when theRomans began to extend their conquests, ----.

A) they were seriously resisted by the Greeks, whohad no fear of them

B) their immediate aim was to conquer and enslavethe Carthaginians

C) it led to an enormous increase in the number ofslaves

D) they depended heavily on slaves for their militarycampaigns

E) it greatly pleased the Roman aristocracy, sincethey were able to own new estates

95. As emphasized in the passage, slaves in ancientRome ----.

A) were totally of Greek and Carthaginian origin

B) made up the backbone of the Roman economy

C) formed what the author calls small farmers

D) were so great in number that aristocrats wereuneasy about them

E) knew farming so well that they produced grain inhuge amounts


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The finest example of Byzantine architecture is thechurch of Saint Sophia (Holy Wisdom) in stanbul,constructed by the emperor Justinian in the sixthcentury. Evidently, its structural design wassomething altogether new in the history ofarchitecture. The central feature of the design wasthe application of the dome principle to a building ofsquare shape. The church was designed in the formof a cross, with a magnificent dome over its centralsquare. The main problem for the architects was howto fit the circumference of the dome to the squarearea it was supposed to cover. The solution was tohave four great arches spring from pillars at the fourcorners of the square. The rim of the dome was thenmade to rest on the keystones of the arches, with the

curved triangular spaces between the arches filledwith masonry. The result was an architecturalframework of marvellous strength, which at the sametime made possible a style of imposing grandeur anddelicacy. The dome itself has a diametre of 107 feetand rises to a height of nearly 180 feet from the floor.So many windows are placed around its rim that thedome appears to have no support at all but to besuspended in midair.

96. As emphasized in the passage, the design of thechurch of Saint Sophia in stanbul ensured that----.

A) it would serve as a model for the design of newchurches in the future

B) Emperor Justinian was greatly pleased by itsstructure and grandeur

C) the rim of the domehad to have many windows

to let sunlight in

D) the weight of the dome had to be reduced byfour great pillars

E) architecturally its structure was unique andentirely unprecedented

97. According to the passage, the harmony of thedome and the square base on which the domerested ----.

A) had been a common feature of Byzantine

architecture before Saint Sophia

B) was made possible by the use of four greatarches

C) was never regarded as a crucial issue in theconstruction of Saint Sophia

D) was not adequately taken into considerationduring the design of Saint Sophia

E) has always been a major problem throughout thehistory of architecture

98. It is claimed in the passage that Byzantinearchitecture ----.

A) was still in its early stage during the reign ofEmperor Justinian

B) began to improve and further develop after theconstruction of Saint Sophia

C) was greatly influenced by the architecture that

preceded the sixth century

D) is best represented and exemplified by thechurch of Saint Sophia

E) always made use of masonry in the constructionof buildings with grandeur


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A



27

99. As suggested in the passage, the perfectcombination of the dome and the arches in SaintSophia ----.

A) seemed to the architects to be precarious since

the dome, with a diametre of 107 feet, was of animmense size and weight

B) was somewhat spoiled by the curved triangularspaces that could be seen between the arches

C) gave it not only amazing strength but alsoimpressive magnificence and gracefulness

D) enabled the architects to design and constructthe whole structure in the form of a cross

E) gave the architects themselves the impressionthat the dome was suspended in midair, with nosupport whatsoever

100. It is clear that the passage ----.

A) is a concise description of Saint Sophiasarchitectural features and overall excellence

B) mainly focuses on the distinctive aspects ofByzantine architecture in the sixth century

C) gives a detailed account of Emperor Justinianssupport for the construction of Saint Sophia

D) discusses how Byzantine architects came to usethe dome as a major structural element

E) explains the reasons why Saint Sophia wasdesigned in the form of a cross

TEST BTT.

CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDNZ.


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SINAVDA UYULACAK KURALLAR

1. 2009-KPDS Sonbahar Dnemi Snava Giri ve KimlikBelgesinin asl olmadan snava girilmesi yasaktr. Bubelgenin fotokopisi veya faks ile de snava girileme-yecektir. Bu ekilde snava giren adaylarn snav ip-tal edilecektir.

2. Adaylarn cep telefonu, ar cihaz, telsiz, fotorafmakinesi, cep bilgisayar, saat fonksiyonu dndafonksiyonu olan saat, hesap makinesi, szlk, kitap,defter, msvedde kd, pergel, a ler, cetvel vebenzeri her trl ara gerele snava girmesikesinlikle yasaktr. Bu aralarla snava girmi adaylarmutlaka Salon Snav Tutanana yazlacak, buadaylarn snav geersiz saylacaktr.

3. Bu snavda verilen toplam cevaplama sresi 180 da-kikadr (3 saat). Snavn ilk 90 ve son 15 dakikasiinde hibir aday dar karlmayacaktr. Cevapla-may sre bitmeden tamamlarsanz, cevap kdnzve soru kitapnz salon grevlilerine teslim ederek

salonu terk edebilirsiniz. Snav sresinin bittii ilanedilip cevap ktlar ve soru kitapklar salon grev-lileri tarafndan toplanncaya kadar yerlerinizdekalnz.

4. Snav evrakn teslim ederek salonu terk eden aday,her ne sebeple olursa olsun tekrar snava alnmaya-caktr.

5. Snav sresince grevlilerle konumak ve soru sor-mak yasaktr. Ayn ekilde grevlilerin de adaylarlayakndan ve alak sesle konumalar; ayrca, aday-larn birbirinden kalem, silgi vb. eyleri istemeleri ke-sinlikle yasaktr.

6. Snav srasnda kopya eken, ekmeye kalkan,kopya veren, kopya yaplmasna yardm edenlerinkimlikleri, Salon Snav Tutanana yazlacak ve buadaylarn snavlar geersiz saylacaktr. Grevlilerkopya ekmeye veya vermeye kalkanlar uyarmakzorunda deildir, sorumluluk size aittir.

Adaylarn test sorularna verdikleri cevaplarn da-lmlar bilgi ilem yntemleriyle incelenecek; bu ince-lemelerden elde edilen bulgular bireysel veya topluolarak kopya giriiminde bulunulduunu gsterirse,kopya eylemine katlan adaylarn cevaplarnn bir ks-m veya tamam iptal edilecektir. Cevap kdnzbakalar tarafndan grlmeyecek ekilde tutmanzgerekmektedir. Bu durum sizin iin son derecenemlidir.

SYM Temsilcisi bir salondaki snavn, kurallara uy-gun biimde yaplmadn, toplu kopya giriimindebulunulduunu raporunda bildirdii takdirde, SYMtakdir hakkn kullanarak bu salonda snava girenadaylarn tmnn snavn geersiz sayabilir.

7. Adaylar, grevlilerin her trl uyarlarna uymak zo-rundadr. Grevliler, gerektiinde oturduunuz yerleride deitirebilir. Snavnzn geerli saylmas, hereyden nce snav kurallarna uymanza baldr.

Kurallaraaykr davranta bulunanlarn ve yaplacakuyarlara uymayanlarn kimlikleri tutanaa yazlacakve snavlar geersiz saylacaktr.

8. Cevap kdnda doldurmanz gereken alanlar bulun-maktadr. Bu alanlar eksiksiz doldurunuz. Cevap k-dna yazlacak her trl yazda ve yaplacak btniaretlemelerde kurun kalem kullanlacaktr. Tken-mez kalem ve dolma kalem kesinlikle kullanlmaya-

caktr.

Cevaplarn cevap kdna iaretlenmi olmas gere-kir. Soru kitapna iaretlenen cevaplar geerli de-ildir.

9. Soru kitapnz alr almaz, sayfalarn eksik olupolmadn, kitapkta basm hatalarnn bulunup bu-lunmadn kontrol ediniz. Soru kitapnzn sayfaseksik veya basm hatal ise deitirilmesi iin derhlSalon Bakanna bavurunuz.

Soru kitapnda her sayfann tepesinde basl bu-lunan soru kitap trnn, kitapn n kapan-da basl soru kitap tryle ayn olup olmadn

kontrol ediniz. Farkl olmas durumunda Salon Baka-nndan yeni bir soru kitap isteyiniz. Soru kitap-nzn trnn deiik olduunu daha sonra fark eder-seniz, size o zamana kadar cevaplama yapt nz tr-den, hatasz bir soru kitap verilmesi iin SalonBakanna bavurunuz.

Cevap kdnzda, size verilen soru kitapnntrn Soru Kitap Tr alannda ilgili yuvarladoldurarak belirtiniz. Cevap kdnzda iaretle-diiniz Soru Kitap Tr salon grevlileri tarafndansnav ncesi kontrol edilerek paraflanacaktr. Siziniaretlediiniz ve salon grevlilerinin parafladklarkitapk tr arasnda fark olmas hlinde salongrevlilerinin parafladklar kitapk tr dikkate

alnacaktr.

10. Cevaplamaya gemeden nce size verilecek sorukitapnn zerine adnz, soyadnz, T.C. KimlikNumaranz ve bu salonun Salon Numarasn yaznz.Snav sonunda soru kitapklar toplanacak veSYMde tek tek incelenecektir. Soru kitapnn birsayfas bile eksik karsa snavnz geersiz sayla-caktr.

11. Soru kitapnn sayfalarndaki bo yerleri msveddeiin kullanabilirsiniz.

12. Snav sresince, grevliler dahil, salonda kimse siga-ra, pipo, puro vb. eyleri imeyecektir.

13. Sorular ve bu sorulara verdiiniz cevaplar ayr birkda yazp bu kd dar karmanz kesinlikleyasaktr.

14. Snav salonundan ayrlmadan nce, soru kitap-nz, cevap kdnz ve 2009-KPDS SonbaharDnemi Snava Giri ve Kimlik Belgenizi salongrevlilerine teslim etmeyi unutmaynz.


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KAMU PERSONEL YABANCI DL BLGS

SEVYE TESPT SINAVI (KPDS)

22 KASIM 2009

NGLZCE

A KTAPII

1. A

2. C

3. E

4. B

5. D

6. A

7. B

8. E

9. D

10. C

11. D

12. C

13. E

14. A

15. B

16. B

17. A

18. C

19. D

20. E

21. A

22. E

23. D

24. B

25. C

26. B

27. D

28. C

29. E

30. A

31. B

32. C

33. A

34. D

35. E

36. B

37. A

38. D

39. E

40. C

41. B

42. A

43. E

44. D

45. C

46. D

47. E

48. A

49. C

50. B

51. D

52. B

53. E

54. C

55. A

56. C

57. A

58. C

59. D

60. B

61. D

62. E

63. C

64. A

65. B

66. D

67. B

68. A

69. E

70. C

71. B

72. C

73. A

74. D

75. E

76. C

77. A

78. D

79. E

80. B

81. D

82. B

83. A

84. E

85. C

86. B

87. D

88. A

89. E

90. A

91. D

92. E

93. A

94. C

95. B

96. E

97. B

98. D

99. C

100. A

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