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©Koichi Asatani
Next Generation NetworksNext Generation Networks-Dream or Reality--Dream or Reality-
Koichi AsataniKoichi AsataniKogakuin University, TokyoKogakuin University, Tokyo
APNOMS, Keynote APNOMS, Keynote Sapporo, Japan, October 10, 2007Sapporo, Japan, October 10, 2007
©Koichi Asatani
Broadband Penetration in JapanBroadband Penetration in Japan
©Koichi Asatani
IP Telephony Subscriber Number in JapanIP Telephony Subscriber Number in JapanX 104
0
200
800
600
400
1000
1200
2006.32004.122004.92004.62004.32003.12 2005.6 2005.9 2005.122005.3
0AB-J050-
©Koichi Asatani
S1
0
50
100
150
200
250
1985
200520
00199519
90
Global International Call GrowthGlobal International Call Growth
source: http://www.dri.co.jp/auto/report/telegeo/telegeotg04.htm
Total Traffic (PSTN+VoIP)
VoIP
Note: Forecasted Data for 2003 and after
Billion Minutes
©Koichi Asatani
Evolutions in Networks and ApplicationsEvolutions in Networks and Applications
NGI
Internet
ARPA
B-ISDN
ISDN
Digital TelephoneNetwork
Analog TelephoneNetwork
ADSL
FTTH
FWA
nGWL
NGNNGN
Burst, StreamingUnicast, Multicast
Voice sound Video Mutlimedia
FR
ATM
P2P
Network EvolutionTelecomApplications
InternetApplications
SDHInternet access
Datacommunications
Telephone
FAX
WWW
ftp telnet e-mail
BroadbandStreaming
IP Telephony
Packet SwitchedNetwork
©Koichi Asatani
Principles and ConvergencePrinciples and Convergence
TelecomismTelecomism InternetismInternetism
End-to-End PrincipleEnd nodes are responsible.
End-to-End PrincipleEnd nodes are responsible.
Network PrincipleNetwork is responsible.
Network PrincipleNetwork is responsible.
Stateless networksStateful networks
Trustful networks Trustful end usersTerminal
liberalization
Non-transparent network Transparent networkISDN
PROXY,NAT,Firewall
Best effort networksQoS guaranteed networksADSL
flow control, RSVPMPLS DiffServe
©Koichi Asatani
Definition & Features of NGNDefinition & Features of NGN
Source:ITU-T Rec.Y.2001
Generalized Mobility FMC
Unrestricted Access Open Access I/F
Service Separated Transport Architecture & Open API
QoS-enabled Transport
Multiple-Broadband
Manageable Broadband
Secure NW & Services Authentification
©Koichi Asatani
Next Generation NetworksNext Generation Networks
NGN Transport Functions
NGN Service-Related Functions
Telephone Services
Data Services (WWW, e-mail, etc.)
Video Services (TV, movies, etc.)
Scope of the
Internet
“Service Stratum”
“Transport Stratum”
Source: ITU-T Rec. Y.2011 General principles and general reference model for next generation networks
Anything and Everything
Everything
(Any and All Network Technologies)
(Any/All Applicationse.g., voice, data, video)
Internet Protocol
(IP)
©Koichi Asatani
NGN Release 3 -RFID
NGN Release 2 -Entertainment -Home Networks
NGN Release 1-Multimedia-PSTN/ISDNEmulations
Services and Capabilities
Enhancement to Release 1Capabilities
Enhencementto Release 2Capabilities
Mid of 2007? End of 2008
-Multimedia-PSTN/ISDNEmulations
- Streamingservices
- Ubiquitous services
Release Approach for NGNRelease Approach for NGN
Target TimingSep of 2007
Mid of 2006
©Koichi Asatani
Transport and service configuration of the NGNTransport and service configuration of the NGN
LegacyTerminals
Note: Gateway (GW) may exist in either Transport Stratum or End-User Functions.
*
LegacyTerminals
Transport Stratum
Service Stratum
End-UserFunctions
Application Functions
Core transport Functions
NGNTerminals
CustomerNetworks
Other N
etworks
Application Support Functions and Service Support Functions
Core TransportFunctions
Other N
etworks
Transport Stratum
EdgeFunctions
Access Transport Functions
ServiceControl
Functions
Network AccessAttachment Functions
NAAF
Network Attachment Control Functions
(NACF)
Access NetworkFunctions
Resource and AdmissionControl Functions
(RACF)
UserProfile
Functions
T. UserProfileFunctions
GWGW
Other Multimedia ServiceComponents …
Streaming ServiceComponent
PSTN / ISDN EmulationService Component
IP Multimedia Component&PSTN/ISDN Simulation
IP MultimediaService Component
S. UserProfile
Functions
GWGW
Applications
LegacyTerminals
Note: Gateway (GW) may exist in either Transport Stratum or End-User Functions.
*
LegacyTerminals
Transport Stratum
Service Stratum
End-UserFunctions
Application Functions
Core transport Functions
NGNTerminals
CustomerNetworks
Other N
etworks
Application Support Functions and Service Support Functions
Core TransportFunctions
Other N
etworks
Transport Stratum
EdgeFunctions
Access Transport Functions
Access Transport Functions
ServiceControl
Functions
Network AccessAttachment Functions
NAAF
Network Attachment Control Functions
(NACF)
Access NetworkFunctions
Resource and AdmissionControl Functions
(RACF)
UserProfile
Functions
T. UserProfileFunctions
UserProfile
Functions
T. UserProfileFunctions
GWGWGWGW
Other Multimedia ServiceComponents …
Streaming ServiceComponent
PSTN / ISDN EmulationService Component
IP Multimedia Component&PSTN/ISDN Simulation
IP MultimediaService Component
S. UserProfile
Functions
GWGWGWGW
Applications
Source: ITU-T Rec.Y.NGN-FRA Figure 8
©Koichi Asatani
Complexity of NGN QoSComplexity of NGN QoS
• User-perceived QoS is end-to-end (cf. User-perceived QoS is end-to-end (cf. ITU-T Rec. ITU-T Rec. E.800)E.800)• NGN QoS is complex becauseNGN QoS is complex because
– NGN applications have diverse performance needsNGN applications have diverse performance needs– IP is not designed for consistent application performanceIP is not designed for consistent application performance
• Various mechanisms have been introduced with specific applicability Various mechanisms have been introduced with specific applicability – Diversity in an end-to-end path is common owing toDiversity in an end-to-end path is common owing to
• Different levels of QoS support in endpointsDifferent levels of QoS support in endpoints• Varying types of QoS support in the transportVarying types of QoS support in the transport• Multiple provider domainsMultiple provider domains
Multi-Service Packet Transport
802.xxAccess
2G/3GWireless
Cable
xDSL
Domain 1IntServ
Domain 4Over-Prov
Domain 2DiffServ
Domain 3MPLS-TE
N G N
Effective management of resource contention
©Koichi Asatani
ITU-T RACF ArchitectureITU-T RACF Architecture
Rs
Rw
Service Stratum
Transport Functions
PolicyDecisionFunction
PolicyDecisionFunction
Transport Resource ControlFunction
Transport Resource ControlFunction RACF
Transport Stratum
Service Control Functions(part of IMS or else)(part of IMS or else)
Service Control Functions(part of IMS or else)(part of IMS or else)
Rt
RdRp
Rc
Rn
Ru
Oth
er NG
Ns
Ri
TransportEnforcement
Function
TransportEnforcement
Function
Interconnection Functions PolicyEnforcement
Function
PolicyEnforcement
Function
Network Attachment Control Functions
• Policy Decision Functionservice facing, transport independent
• Transport Resource Control Functionservice independent, transport dependent, possibly network-segment specific
• Policy Enforcement Functiontypically part of border transport elements
intra-intra-domaindomain
inter-inter-domaindomain
RACF augments native transport QoS support Preempting transport congestion at the
service control layer
All applications (VoIP, IPTV, etc.) involving network-based control can make use of RACF via Rs
©Koichi Asatani
IP-based network performanceIP-based network performance
U
U
U
U
Class 5
1*10-6
1*10-5
50 ms
100 ms
Class 6
1*10-61*10-4 Upper bound IPER
1*10-51*10-31*10-31*10-31*10-31*10-3 Upper bound on the packet loss
probability IPLR
50 msUUU50 ms50 ms
Upper bound on the 1-10-3 quantile
of IPTD minus the minimum
IPTD
IPDV
400 ms1 s400 ms100 ms400 ms 100 ms Upper bound on the mean IPTD
IPTD
Class 7Class 4 Class 3 Class 2 Class 1 Class 0
Nature of Network
Performance Objective
Performance Parameter
Source: ITU-T Rec. Y.1541
©Koichi Asatani
NGN-related Standardization OrganizationsNGN-related Standardization Organizations
USA
Europe
ATISATISTTC (Japan)TTC (Japan)
TTA (Korea)TTA (Korea)
CCSA (China)CCSA (China)
IETFIETF
ETSIETSI
ITUNGN-GSI
ITUNGN-GSI
AsiaTISPANTISPAN 3GPP3GPP
CJK
©Koichi Asatani
Next Generation IP Network Promotion ForumNext Generation IP Network Promotion Forum
• Established on Dec. 16, 2005
• Based on a report from MIC Study Group on Next Generation IP Infrastructure
• To Promote evolution to IP-based Networks in Japan
• Under close cooperation among industries, government and academia
©Koichi Asatani
©Koichi Asatani
Forum StructureForum Structure
Next Generation IP Network Promotion Forum
Chair: Prof. Tadao Saito (University of Tokyo)
Technology GroupChair: Prof. Shigeki Goto
(Waseda University)
R&D and Standardization GroupChair: Prof. Koichi Asatani
(Kogakuin University)
Planning and Promotion GroupChair: Dr. Yuichi Matsushima (NICT)
Strategic Planning WG
Home Networks WG
©Koichi Asatani
Technical Challenges!Technical Challenges!
• Latency aware network configuration Implementation: not a subject of standards
• Ubiquitous applications? – Transaction or (SIP) Connection?
• QoE/QoS on End-to-End base,
including Customer Premises Network, e.g., Home Networks– No performance allocations to devices outside of
UNI– Multi-domain environments
©Koichi Asatani
NTT’sNTT’s NGNNGN Field TrialField Trial
• Objective: – Technical Feasibility,– Users’ Demands Survey
• Sites: Tokyo and Osaka
• Period: From Dec. 2006 through Dec.2007
• Steps: – Dec. 2006: NTT7s show rooms– Jan. 2007: NTT's employees– Apr. 2007: Residential users in the areas
©Koichi Asatani
NTT’sNTT’s NGNNGN Field Trial ServicesField Trial Services
• Internet Access
• Telephony– Video Telephony– IP Telephony– Hi-Quality IP Telephony
• Video Distribution– Hi-Definition Video Distribution (TV Terminal)– Hi-Definition Video Distribution (PC terminal)– Terrestrial Digital TV IP Redistribution
©Koichi Asatani
NGN as RealityNGN as Reality
• The NGN concept takes into consideration new realities in the telecommunication industry characterised by factors such as: the need to converge and optimise the operating networks and the extraordinary expansion of digital traffic (i.e., increasing demand for new multimedia services, increasing demand for mobility, etc.).
http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/ngn/introduction.html#Why%20NGN?
©Koichi Asatani
NGN as DreamsNGN as Dreams
• New and Killer applications?
©Koichi Asatani
Technology ConvergenceTechnology Convergence
Internet
TVBroadcast
Telecomnetwork
Internet
Telecomnetwork
TVBroadcast
Mobility/Nomadicity
©Koichi Asatani
NGN Maximum ScenarioNGN Maximum Scenario
Internet
TVBroadcast
Telecomnetwork
Internet
Telecomnetwork
TVBroadcast
Mobility/Nomadicity
NGNmaximum scenario
©Koichi Asatani
NGN Minimum ScenarioNGN Minimum Scenario
Internet
TVBroadcast
Telecomnetwork
Internet
Telecomnetwork
TVBroadcast
Mobility/Nomadicity
NGNminimum scenario
©Koichi Asatani
Thank You!Thank You!