Knowledge Creation Tools for DAML

Grit Denker, Jerry R. Hobbs, David MartinSrini Narayanan, Richard Waldinger

SRI International

Outline DAML-S A Service Markup Language.

Process Models for Web-servicesCore theories and markup for transactions, processes, time,

interactionsExecution Semantics, monitoring, and simulation-- DEMO

Other Work-in-progress Theories & inference for the Semantic Web Models of Security and Trust Resource Site Construction Tool

DAML+OIL plugin to Protégé – DEMO FrameNet in DAML

DAML-S: Goals

Full automation of service useDAML markups provide enough info for an agent to find,

select, enact and use a service never before encountered

Service requests handled seamlessly with information queriesAllow for composition of bothMany components & tools can work for both

Search & selection, ontology translation, …

Support inference in selecting and using services

Joint work with Stanford-KSL, CMU, BBN, Nokia

Service Ontology: Top-level Classes

Service

ServiceModel

provides

supportspresents

DescribedByServiceProfile ServiceGrounding

Resource

What theservice does

How it works

How to access it

Process Upper Ontology

Time Ontology

Intervals

Instants

startOf endOf

inside

before

Process

during

atTime

Future Developments: Temporal Measurement Clock and Calendar

(Simple) Process“What does it do?”

Requirements for use; results of use “Black box” view: Information needed to execute an

atomic service

Inputs, outputs, preconditions, effects, …

“Binding rules” for inputs, outputs

“Roles” involved

May vary for different service classes

Can employ logical rules, conditional I/0, effects.

Atomic Transaction

Service Model“How does it work?”

Semantic description of a service“Glass box” viewDetailed characterization of what it does

May vary for different service classes

Analogous to procedure body (but abstract)

B2C Purchase: ProcessModel

Check-out

Sign-in Create-Account

Load-Prefs Create-Prefs

Select-Payment-Method

Specify-Delivery-Address

Giftwrap

Finalize

One-Step

Locate-Goods Put-in-CartCompositeservice

Simple or compositeservices

Congo.daml (partial)

<rdfs:Class rdf:ID="CongoBuyBook"> <daml:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="daml:collection"> <daml:Class rdf:about="process:Sequence"/> <daml:Restriction> <daml:onProperty rdf:resource="process:components"/> <daml:toClass> <process:-seqOf- rdf:parseType="daml:collection"> <rdfs:Class rdf:about="#TopLevelBuyChoice"/> <rdfs:Class rdf:about="#SpecifyDeliveryDetails"/> <rdfs:Class rdf:about="#FinalizeBuy"/> </process:-seqOf-> </daml:toClass> </daml:Restriction> </daml:intersectionOf></rdfs:Class>

Process Model and Inference

Model Graphical Model is constructed recursively from

DAML Markup

Model is stochastic and can simulate execution

Integrated into OAA and SNARK

Inference Verfication, deadlock, reachability analysis, and

performance analysis (such as forward-backward computing Viterbi paths).

Sequence(T1,T2)

T1P1

start finish

P2 T2 P3

Ongoing

concurrent (T1, T2, T3)

P3

T2

P1

bypass

P2

T1

start

T3

finish

concur_sync (T1, T2, T3)

P3

T2

P1

P2

T1

start

T3

finishP1

P1

P1

unordered (T1, T2, T3)

P3

T2

P1

P2

T1

start

T3

finish

Execution Semantics

Model is a high level Stochastic Petri Net and has a well specified execution semantics.

Being extended to the more expressive Rewriting Logic (joint with Jose Meseguer) Rewriting Logic is a logic of distributed systems.

There is a widely used rewriting logic tool, Maude. More at http://maude.csl.sri.com

Status

Process Tool ready for release , pending stable

DAML-S.

DAML-S 0.5 at

http://www.daml.org/services/Joint work with Stanford KSL, CMU, BBN, Yale,

Nokia

SRI’s DAML work is described at

http://www.ai.sri.com/daml

What’s Hot

DAML-S is a serious attempt to use

DAML+OIL.

Process Modeling Tool for DAML-S

descriptions Execution Semantics Resources, Execution monitoring Simulation Inference

What’s hard

DAML-S expressivity/naturalness issues How to define scripts How to define unification constraints, etc.. Services are like verbs, ontologies are more

natural to represent nouns.

Achieving and maintaining consensus

Coordinating with industry standards With existing industry proposals

ex. XLANG