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"I am but mad north-north-west: when the wind is

southerly I know a hawk from a handsaw."

Hamlet, Act II, scene ii

Knowing a Hawk from a Handsaw: FRBR Basics, AACR & the OPAC

A presentation by Kate HarcourtColumbia University Libraries

harcourt@columbia.edu

http://www.columbia.edu/~harcourt/FRBRnytsl.ppt

NYTSL Spring Dinner MeetingMay 7, 2004

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Required Reading

• Published by K.G. Saur in 1998 and available online.

http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.htm http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.pdf

http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/wgfrbr/wgfrbr.htmIFLA Cataloguing Section’s Working Group on FRBR

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FRBR IN PERSPECTIVE

Paris Principles in 1961

ISBDs in 1969

AACR in 1967 and 1978

FRBR 1997-

ETC.

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FRBR BEGINNINGS

The 1990 Stockholm Seminar commissioned a study to define the functional requirements of bibliographic records.

Worked on by IFLA Study Group on Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, 1992-1995

Approved by IFLA Section on Cataloging, 1997 & published by Saur in 1998

Incorporated into JSC Strategic Plan for AACR 2001/2002

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FRBR GOALS

1. “to delineate in clearly defined terms the functions performed by the bibliographic record with respect to various media, various applications and various user needs.”

2. “to recommend a basic level of functionality and basic requirements for records created by national bibliographic agencies” that would meet “essential user needs.”

3. FRBR is not a new cataloging code.

AACR3

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ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP MODEL

Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (09 FEB 02)

entity-relationship model <database, specification> An approach to data modelling proposed by P. Chen in 1976. The model says that you divide your database in two logical parts, entities (e.g. "customer", "product") and relations ("buys", "pays for"). Entity-relationship diagrams can be used to represent a model.

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ORGANIZATION OF THE FRBR REPORT

Part 1 – Definition of Entities and their Attributes

Part 2 – Bibliographic RelationshipsPart 3 – A national level bibliographic

record for all types of materialsPart 4 – User Tasks (e.g., Find,

Identify, Select & Obtain)

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ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP MODEL

EntitiesRelationshipsAttributes

ShakespeareDates

HamletEnglish

Relationshipauthor

Entity 1 Entity 2

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FRBR ENTITIES

Group 1: The products of intellectual or artistic endeavor: Work Expression Manifestation Item

Group 2: Those responsible for production or custodianship of group 1 entities:

Person Corporate Body

Group 3: Subjects of works: Concept Object Event Place

AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The next few slides were published in Barbara B. Tillett, “Bibliographic Relationships.” In Relationships in the Organization of Knowledge, edited by Carol A. Bean and Rebecca Green, 19-35. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.

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Work

Expression

Manifestation

Item

is realized through

is embodied in

is exemplified by

Group 1

recursive

one

many

FRBR

#

Work

Expression

Manifestation

Item

Group 2

many

Person

Corporate Body

is owned by

is produced by

is realized by

is created by

FRBR

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WorkGroup 3

many

has as subject

Expression

Manifestation

Item

Person

Corporate Body

Work

Concept

Object

Event

Place

has as subject

has as subject

FRBR

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FRBR Entity Levels

Work:

Expression:

Manifestation:

The Play

Orig.Text

Transl. CriticalEdition

The Movie

Orig.Version

Paper PDF HTML

Item: Copy 1Autographed

Copy 2

Family of works

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“FRBERIZING” AACR2

A new interest in cataloging

Rule revision

AACR3

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“FRBERIZING” A RULE

1.5A3 If an item is available in different formats (e.g., as text and microfilm; as sound disc and sound tape reel), give the physical description of the format in hand.

1.5A3 If manifestations of a work are available in different formats…

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“FRBERIZING” RELATIONSHIPS

CollocationWhen is a work or an expression a

new work or expression?RelatorsAuthority Control in AACR3

EQUIVALENT

Cataloging Rulescut-off point

Same work New work

DERIVATIVE DESCRIPTIVE

Parody

Revis ion

Translat ion

Crit icism

Variations or versions

Editions SummaryAbstractDigest

Annotated edition

Expurgatededition

DramatizationNovelizat ion

Free translation

Imitations

Evaluation

Review

Casebook

Commentary

Abridgededition

Arrangement

ScreenplayLibrettoIllustrated

edition

Sl ight modifications Adaptat ions

Change of genre

Original

Same style o r thematic content

Microformreproduction

Copy

Exactreproduction

Facsimile

Reprint

Simultaneous“publication”

Same Expression New Expression

Work

New Work B. TillettDec. 2001

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GMDS & MODES OF EXPRESSION

Alpha-numericMusic notationOther notation (e.g., choreographic)SoundStill image or Moving ImageThree-dimensional objectCombinations of above

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UNIFORM TITLES, OR THE TRAGEDY OF HAMLET

Collocation

Differentiation

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FRBR & THE OPAC

OCLC Fiction FinderRLG RedLightGreenVTLS Virtua

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OCLC FICTION FINDER

Prototype system for searching and browsing fiction

Clustered at the work levelOrganized by work and expression

http://www.oclc.org/research/projects/frbr/fictionfinder.htm

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Fiction Finder result set display

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Fiction Finder record display

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

RedLightGreen and FRBR

NOT a FRBR implementation– Realities of the Rock and the Hard Place

FRBR Group 1 Entities invaluable during planning– Work, Expression, Manifestation, Item– Common language– Precisely defined concepts

FRBR and RedLightGreen in a nutshell– Mission: Make the Union Catalog relevant to undergraduates– Reduce the number of editions on the results screen– Use FRBR concepts such as Work, Expression and

Manifestation to discuss how records should cluster

– http://www.redlightgreen.com/

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

RedLG: Title Cluster

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

RedLG: Editions

~ FRBR Manifestation– “With the entity defined as manifestations we can describe the

physical characteristics of a set of items […] enabling users to choose a manifestation appropriate to their […] needs” (FRBR 22)

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Get it [at your library] example

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VIRTUA BY VTLS

Separate records for work, expression, manifestation & item in a tree structure

"peaceful co-existence" of a FRBR and non-FRBR records

Universite catholique de Louvain (UCL) went live in Jan. 2004

www.vtls.com/documents/FRBR.PPT

A Super (or Supra) Work is a record that

has other works (sub works) related to it

For example, the novel Beau Geste by P. C.

Wren is one FRBR Work, and the several

movies that have been created from the

book are also separate FRBR Works. The

Super work is an artificial creation that

links all these related works together

Super Work

Super Work

The Workrecord for the“Super” Work of Beau Geste

Super Work

The treeexpanded to

show the“sub works”of the Super

Work

The Workrecord forthe novel

(a sub workof the Super

Work)

Super Work

The treeexpanded to

show theExpression

andManifestations

of the 1939movie

TheExpression

record for the1939 movie

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MORE FRBR

Pre-conference at ALA Annual 2004 in Orlando.

Back to the Future: Understanding the Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records Model (FRBR) and its Impact on Users, OPACS, and Knowledge Organization

Sponsored by VTLS & Blackwell's Book Services

Thursday and Friday, June 24-25, 2004