KMA partnership with WMO Korea Meteorological AdministrationSupercomputer Center

2003. 8. 26 Lee DongilMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Contents

WMO GTS/FWISAPCN ( APEC Climate Network )WMO PC Cluster Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Contents

WMO GTS/FWISAPCN ( APEC Climate Network )WMO PC Cluster Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

From weather prediction to air pollution research, climate change related activities, ozone layer depletion studies and tropical storm forecasting, the World Meteorological Organization coordinates global scientific activity to allow increasingly prompt and accurate weather information and other services for public, private and commercial use, including international airline and shipping industries. WMO's activities contribute to the safety of life and property, the socio-economic development of nations and the protection of the environment. Within the United Nations, the Geneva-based 187-Member Organization provides the authoritative scientific voice on the state and behaviour of the Earth's atmosphere and climate. The World Meteorological Convention, by which the World Meteorological Organization was created, was adopted at the Twelfth Conference of Directors of the International Meteorological Organization (IMO), which met in Washington in 1947. Although the Convention itself came into force in 1950, WMO commenced operations as the successor to IMO in 1951 and, later that year, was established as a specialized agency of the United Nations by agreement between the UN and WMO. The purposes of WMO are to facilitate international cooperation in the establishment of networks of stations for making meteorological, hydrological and other observations; and to promote the rapid exchange of meteorological information, the standardization of meteorological observations and the uniform publication of observations and statistics. It also furthers the application of meteorology to aviation, shipping, water problems, agriculture and other human activities, promotes operational hydrology and encourages research and training in meteorology.Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN MeetingsSource: WMO HomepageWMO

DATAPRODUCERSGlobalObservingSystemGOS

DATACONVEYORSGlobalTelecommunicationSystemGTS

DATA USERSGlobal DataProcessingSystemGDPS

World Meteorological Organization(187members)Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN MeetingsSource : WMO report

GOSMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN MeetingsSource : WMO Report

# of data = 10**7 and regular distribution need for object analysis(110km resolution)# of current observation = 2000*5*50, irregular distributionObservation DataMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Current GTS integrated Network ( point-to-point, multi-point circuit )Combination of terrestrial and satellite telecommunication linkfor data distribution ( point-to-point, point-to-multi-point circuit)for data collection ( multi-point-to-point, two-way multi-point circuit)Three level basisMTN : Main Telecommunication Network Circuit among 3 WMCs and 15 RTHs, International Data ExchangeRMTNs : Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Networks 6Region(Africa, Asia, South America, North&Central America, South-West Pacific, Europe), Regional Data ExchangeNMTNs : National Meteorological Telecommunication Networks Domestic Data ExchangeWMC : World Meteorological Center Melbourne, Moscow, WashingtonRTHs : Regional Telecommunication Hubs Algiers, Beijing, Bracknell, Brasilia, Buenos Aires, Cairo, Dakar, Jeddah, Nairobi, New Delhi, Offenbach, Toulouse, Prague, Sofia, TokyoMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

GTS (Global Telecommunication System) KMA-JMA 64Kbps(CIR 16Kbps), TCP/IP over Frame Relay KMA-CMA 64Kbps(CIR 32Kbps), TCP/IP over Frame RelayRA II GTS GTS TopologyMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN MeetingsSource: WMO ReportGTS MTN(Main Telecommunication Network)

Future WMO Information System Requirement

FWIS should provide an integrated approach to meeting the requirements of Routine collection of observed data Automatic dissemination of scheduled products, both real- and non-real-time Ad-hoc non-routine applications(e.g. requests for non-routine data and products )

The system should be Reliable Cost effective and affordable for developing as well as developed Members Technologically sustainable and appropriate to local expertise Modular and scalable Flexible able to adjust to changing requirements and allow dissemination of products from diverse data sources

The system should also support Different user groups and access policies Integration of diverse datasets Data as well as network security Ad hoc as well as routine requests for data and products(pull as well as push) Timely delivery of data and products (appropriate to requirements)Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

FWIS relationship to WMO ProgrammesCurrent WMO Information SystemsMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

FWIS Structure GISC : Global Information System Center (10 ~ 20) DCPC : Data Collection or Product Center NC : National CenterMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Data CollectionData DistributionSource : WMO ReportMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN MeetingsFutureWMOInformationSystem

a.Collect observational data and products that are intended for global exchange from national centres within their area of responsibility, reformat as necessary and aggregate into products that cover their responsible areab.Collect information that is intended for global exchange from Data Collection or Product Centres within their area of responsibilityc.Receive information intended for global exchange from other Global Information Systems Centres d.Disseminate the entire set of data and products agreed by WMO for routine global exchange (this dissemination can be via any combination of the Internet, satellite, multicasting, etc. as appropriate to meet the needs of Members that require its products)e.Hold the entire set of data and products agreed by WMO for routine global exchange and make it available via WMO request/reply (Pull) mechanismsf.Describe its products according to an agreed WMO standard and provide access to this catalogue of productsg.Provide around-the-clock connectivity to the public and private networks at a bandwidth that is sufficient to meet its global and regional responsibilities.h.Provide facilities to collect observations from and deliver products to all NMHS within its area of responsibilityi.Ensure that they have procedures and arrangements in place to provide swift recovery or backup of their essential services in the event of an outage (due to, for example, fire or a natural disaster).j.May perform the functions of a Data Collection or Product Centre and/or a National Centre.Global Information System CenterMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Data Collection or Product Centres Several dozen centres would serve as Data Collection or Product Centres (DCPC). Existing World Meteorological Centres and Regional/Specialized Meteorological Centres would function as DCPCs. However, many additional centres would also serve as DCPCs. This would include suppliers of special observations (e.g. ARGOS, ARINC), research projects, and centres producing products related to a specific discipline. DCPCs would:a. Collect special programme-related data and products as appropriateb. Collect information intended for dissemination only to NMHS within its area of responsibility (i.e. regional collections)c. Produce agreed data and productsd. Provide information intended for global exchange to their responsible Global Information System Centree. Disseminate information not intended for global exchange in whatever manner is agreed upon between the centre and the users of the productf. Provide facilities to collect observations from and disseminate products to the least developed NMCs within its area of responsibility (e.g. via e-mail)g. Support access to its products via WMO request/reply (Pull) mechanisms in an appropriate manner (i.e. dynamically-generated products would require around-the-clock connectivity to the Internet)h. Describe its products according to an agreed WMO standard and provide access to this catalogue of products or provide this information to another centre with this responsibility (e.g. a GISC)i. Ensure that they have procedures and arrangements in place to provide swift recovery or backup of their essential services in the event of an outage (due to, for example, fire or a natural disaster).j. May perform the functions of a National CentreMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

National Centres National Centres would form the foundation of the Future WMO Information System. Many National Centres would be part of an NMHS but others would have national responsibility for functions falling within WMO Programmes but located outside of the NMHS. The participation of the centres would be coordinated through the national Permanent Representative to WMO. National Centres would:a. Collect observational data from within their countryb. Provide observations and products intended for global dissemination to their responsible GISCc. Provide observations and products intended for regional distribution to the responsible DCPCd. Collect, generate and disseminate products for national useMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

(Offer supported by DWD, Met Office and Mto France)Virtual GISCDWD, Met Office, Mto France (RTH and RSMC) DCPCs ECMWF, EUMETSAT Virtual GISCProposal for RA-VISource: DWDMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Source : Walter Zwieflhofer, ECMWF, ISC2003Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Source : Walter Zwieflhofer, ECMWF, ISC2003Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Contents

WMO GTS/FWISAPCN ( APEC Climate Network )WMO PC Cluster Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Capacity Building in Climate Monitoring/PredictionNeeds of the International Exchange of Climate InformationClimate Information Network/ Climate Early Warning System - Exchange of regional climate informationNatural Disaster PreventionSocial Economic BenefitMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Goals of APCN

APCN is focused on global climate monitoring andprediction aimed at integrated preventive strategy development.

to reduce the effects of natural disasters and provide benefit to industries and socio-economic activities in the Asian-Pacific region

Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

History of APCNProposed at the 3rd APEC Ministers Conference on Regional Science and Technology Cooperation (October 1998, Mexico City)

Approved at the 17th APEC ISTWG Meeting (August 1999, Seattle) - Cosponsor : Australia, Canada, China, Indonesia, Viet Nam

The first APCN Working Group Meeting (May 2001, Seoul) - 24 participants from 16 institutes in 10 APEC member economies and a representative from the WMO

The second APCN Working Group & first Steering Committee Meeting (June 2002, Seoul) - 38 participants from 22 institutes in 14 APEC member economies and a representative from the WMO

Approved the APEC Central Fund to support an international symposium on the APCN project at the APEC ministerial meeting (October 2002, Singapore)Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

APCN Outline Produce reliable seasonal prediction information based a well-validated multi-model ensemble system.Provide real-time forecast information to assist in the management of climate risks in the Asian-pacific region. Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

APCN infrastructure Representatives from the individual APEC member economies. Facilitate the exchange of regional climate information Discuss various issues relevant to the implementation of the APCNProcessing for the processing of dynamic ensemble prediction data and making it available to the MembersKeeping the APCN records and distributing them to the MembersProvide administrative arrangements for meetings and other activitiesLeading scientist in the fields of climate modeling and prediction.Provide guidelines and orchestrate the individual efforts.Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

APCN Multi-Model Ensemble System (APCN-MMES)Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Participating ModelsMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

EconomyOrganizationModelEnsembleMembersCollected Datasets for 2002VariablesClimatologyTypeCanadaMSCT32L10 / T63L2312P,850hPa T,500hPa HSMIP (69-95)*Monthly, DailyChinaNCC/CMAT63L163P,850hPa T,500hPa H-MonthlyIAP4 5, L2s10P,850hPa T,500hPa H-Monthly, PentadChinese TaipeiCWBT42L1810P,850hPa T,500hPa HAMIP (50-99)Monthly, DailyKoreaKMAT106L21(Operational)10P,850hPa T,500hPa HAMIP (79-95)Monthly, DailyT63L21(Experimental)10P,850hPa T,500hPa HSMIP (79-99)Monthly, DailyMETRI/KMA4 5, 17 levels9P,850hPa T,500hPa HSMIP (91-00)Monthly, DailyRussiaMGOT42L1410P,850hPa T,500hPa H-Monthly, DailyUSANASA2 2.5, 34 levels9P,850hPa T,500hPa HAMIP (79-99)Monthly, DailyNCEPT62L2810P,850hPa T,500hPa HSMIP (79-99)Monthly

APCN Research & DevelopmentMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Impact and Benefit of APCNThe practical importance of climate forecasts for the protection of life and property, together with concerns about environmental change, have led to the initiation of the APCN. The projects most important challenge is to provide accurate and reliable climate information for member economies in the Asian-Pacific region. The range of seasonal forecasts and detailed climate information required and provided will be developed through dialogue between Scientific Steering Committee, the scientists involved in each component of the project, and NHMSs and other participating institutes in member economies.

Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Impact and Benefit of APCNThe results of the project will benefit both public and private meteorological and hydrological institutions in the Asia-Pacific region in several ways. Those institutions without the capacity to produce climate predictions will be able to access optimized, high-cost global climate predictions. Sectors likely to benefit will include agriculture, forestry, health, energy, and water management. In addition, manufacturing industries like clothing, heating and air-conditioning may be beneficiaries. Most of all, the greatest benefit from this project will be the reduction of economic and human loss due to natural disasters caused by unusual weather and climate. The predictions should enable national and international disaster prevention offices to respond more effectively to natural disasters and mitigate economic losses in the case of extreme climate events.

Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Finals of APCN

The projects most important challenge is to provide accurate and reliable climate information in the Asian-Pacific region.

The range of seasonal forecasts and detailed climate information required and provided must be developed through dialogue between the scientists involved in research projects and the forecasters in NMHSs.

The results of APCN will benefit both public and private meteorological and hydrological institutions. Those institutions without the capacity to produce climate predictions will be able to access optimized, high-cost, global climate predictions.

The predictions should enable national and international disaster prevention offices to respond more effectively to natural disasters and mitigate economic losses in extreme climate events.Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Contents

WMO GTS/FWISAPCN ( APEC Climate Network )WMO PC Cluster Meteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

Future Direction of Weather Forecast

More details - smaller scale, location, timing and amount More longer lead time - severe weather, medium and long range forecasts More Assessment on Social Impacts - disaster, agriculture, transportation, air pollution etc. scientific objective quantitative Numerical Weather PredictionMeteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP)Conventional vs. NWPMeteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP)Concept of Numerical IntegrationTendency is calculated from - Eq. of Motion - Thermodynamic Eq. - Moisture Conservation Eq. - Eq. of State - Continuity Eq.Future State = Current State + tendency X time intervalMeteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP)Global Model vs. Regional Model (Limited Area Model)Global Model Prediction should be finished (available) in advance to supply boundary fluxMeteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP)NWP is the integration of modern meteorological technologyDevelopment direction can be assessed through NWP Meteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

Step 1 : use other centers productsStrategic Approach to Develop NWPEstablish solid telecommunication SystemMeteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

Step 2 : use other centers grid point value (GPV)Establish high-speed telecommunication system & graphic facilities Advantage: large application in yourown interested areaStrategic Approach to Develop NWPMeteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

Step 3 : operates own Regional Model- high-speed telecommunication - global model forecasts from other center- computer (* PC cluster) Advantage: NWP experience, education, large application in your own interested areaStrategic Approach to Develop NWPMeteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

Step 4 : operates full-scale system (global and regional) Strategic Approach to Develop NWPMeteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

PC ClusterMeteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

KMAs Experiences on Developing NWPNWP : Core of Meteorological Technology - forecast improvement - high technology transfer effect - human development - confidence - program development Nowadays NWP is no longer expensive !!! including Education and Training of ITMeteorology Workshop (source: Shin,K-S, KMA) 16th APAN Meetings

GFK, APAN-KRGGFAPAN ,,,,WMO/CBS - GTS, GDPS CAgM - CAS RAII Working Frame National Frame International FrameKMAANF, GFKWMO/CBS - GTS, GDPS CAgM - CAS RAIIJMA, NWS, DWD, BOM, CMA, etcGGFAPANKMAMeteorology Workshop 16th APAN Meetings

APCNFWISWAMISWMO clusterMet Sate-Science Grid GFKInternational Infra : APAN, TEIN, ...National Infra : KOREN, Kreonet, HPCNet

Thank you!!