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Kings County Jail Expansion Phase 3
Rational Analysis of Smoke Control System
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 2
RATIONAL ANALYSIS OF SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM PER 2013 CBC 909.4
General Description:
The project consists of a major addition to the existing Kings County Jail facility. The
addition includes 1 new medical housing wing, new kitchen facility, new classrooms,
and a non-detention warehouse facility. The new additions are all single story. The
existing Jail is of Type 1 construction with unlimited area SF. The new addition will
add 26,367 SF to the existing building. The new additions will be located on the
north-east side of the existing facility. The new additions will be of the same
construction type and fully fire sprinkled except for the warehouse facility. The
warehouse facilities will be a pre-manufactured metal building.
The new classroom additions and medical housing areas with lay-in ceilings and/or
low structure height, will be equipped with an active Smoke Control System, SCS,
based on the 2013 CBC 909.6 Pressurization Method. The kitchen smoke zone areas
with lay-in ceilings and/or low structure height will utilize a “Purge” method. All
areas will be designed in accordance with 2013 CBC 909 and shall have complete
automatic control via the smoke evacuation panels and/or the fire alarm panels.
Design Considerations:
The design intent is for the Smoke Control System to contain the smoke within a
given smoke zone and provide a tenable environment for the interval of time
required to safely evacuate or relocate all of the occupants within a given Smoke
Zone. Per the evacuation plan provided by the County(see Appendix D), the time to
safely evacuate the occupants from each smoke zone is less than ten minutes.
The new addition will be divided into 3 separate smoke control zones (refer to
drawing M1.00 for zone boundaries). Each zone will have its own smoke control
system and operation (refer to drawing M1.01 for operation matrix and system
schematics, operation matrix also included in Appendix C). Zones 1, 2 and 3 are
separated from the existing jail facility by the secured circulation corridor and will be
connected to the existing facility with new secured circulation corridors.
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 3
Pressurization Method Areas –
The classroom areas (smoke zone 1) and medical housing area (smoke zone 3) will
utilize the pressurization method for smoke control per 2013 CBC 909.6. A large
volume smoke-rated exhaust fan will exhaust all air from the classrooms pulling
100% outdoor make-up air through an intake relief vent on the roof. Classrooms will
each be exhausted at a negative pressure relative to the adjacent zone without
exceeding the maximum door-opening force of 30 lbs per CBC 1008.1.3. The supply
air and return air ductwork normally serving these spaces will be isolated from other
zones by closing combination fire/smoke dampers. For the medical housing area,
large volume smoke-rated exhaust fans will exhaust all air from the open, high ceiling
corridor maintaining a negative pressure while the air handler provides 100%
outdoor make-up air to the cells to positively pressurize the cells. Ceiling supply to
the corridor area will be shut off by smoke dampers to prevent mixing of the corridor
smoke layer.
The Purge Method Areas –
The kitchen areas (smoke zone 2) with all low ceiling areas will utilize the “purge”
method of smoke evacuation due to the low ceiling heights and difficulty maintaining
a tenable space beyond 6-feet tall. The air handler serving these areas will operate in
the 100% outside air mode with the supply fans running to provide make-up air for
the smoke exhaust fans. The smoke exhaust fans will energize upon alarm to exhaust
the space and maintain a tenable 6-foot zone.
Design Fire (Heat Release Rate, HRR) –
The design fire (or design HRR) for each zone area will vary due to the function of the
space and the anticipated fuel available to produce a fire. The HRR is estimated to be
between 237 Btu/s and 265 Btu/s (refer to NFPA 92B-2012 Smoke Exhaust
Calculations in Appendix B). The calculations are based on a steady state fire with
fuel products such as paper, clothing and a common fuel source such as cooking oil.
The combustible materials assumed for the classroom space is limited to paper
products and minor clothing. The combustible materials assumed for the kitchen
area is food packaging trash. Fires centered around the cooking appliances will be
controlled by the fire suppression system included with the kitchen hoods. For the
medical housing area, the combustible materials are limited to the personal
belongings an inmate is allowed to keep in their cell. This is the equivalent of paper
goods and clothing. Furniture in all of the spaces is comprised of steel furniture and
CA Bulletin 133 tested flame retardant plastic chairs. Mattresses in the medical
housing meet or exceed the flammability requirements of CA Bulletin 129, CA
Bulletin 603 and 16 CFR Part 1633.
Below is a list of the Smoke Zones and the corresponding fire size (HRR) for each
space:
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 4
1. Smoke Zone #1 (Classrooms Area G) = 265 Btu/s
a. Wastepaper basket (6 lbs) = 14.2 Btu/s
b. Cotton Clothing (2 lbs) = 113.5 Btu/s
c. Fuel Source (oil) = 109 Btu/s
2. Smoke Zone #2 (Kitchen Area G) = 800 Btu/s
a. Plastic trash bags with cellulosic trash (2 bags) = 551 Btu/s
b. Large barrel with milk cartons = 140 Btu/s
c. Fuel Source (oil) = 109 Btu/s
3. Smoke Zone #3 (Medical Housing Area H) = 350 Btu’s
a. Wastepaper basket (2 lbs) = 14.2 Btu/s
b. Cotton Clothing (4 lbs) = 227 Btu/s
c. Fuel Source (oil) = 109 Btu/s
The HRR was derived based on the following assumptions:
• Wastepaper basket (2 lbs) = 15 kW (14.2 Btu/s)
• Plastic trash bag with cellulosic trash = 110 to 330 btu/s per NFPA 92B
Appendix B.
• Large barrel with milk cartons = 140 btu/s per NFPA 92B Appendix B.
• Cotton Clothing (4 lbs) = 240 kW (227 Btu/s)
• Fuel Source (1-tablespoon oil) = 115 kW (109 Btu/s)
Ceiling Heights –
The ceiling heights vary in each of the individual smoke zones from 10’-0” to 15’-0”
(refer to Appendix B for the NFPA 92B-2012 Smoke Exhaust Calculations for ceiling
heights in each zone).
Climatic Design Conditions: 29 DegF winter outdoor design temperature, 105 DegF
summer outdoor design temperature, 15 MPH wind speed, and 68 DegF – 78 DegF
inside design temperature range.
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 5
Special Considerations:
• Stack Effect: Since the building is only 18’ tall to the top of the parapet and the
thermal difference between the indoor and outdoor conditions is slight, there
is little potential for adverse inference due to stack effect.
• Temperature Effect: The local indoor and outdoor design conditions are not so
extreme to expect the smoke plume to act differently than the calculations
would predict.
• Wind Effect: The building addition butts up against the northeast side of the
existing Jail. The prevailing wind is from the northwesterly direction. With a
design wind speed of only 15 MPH the wind is expected to have little impact
on system performance.
• Climate: Our local conditions are such that it doesn’t snow. The prospect of
snow or ice blockage of make-up air inlets or exhaust outlets is very remote.
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 6
Smoke Control System and HVAC System:
The HVAC Systems are 4-pipe rooftop VAV systems. The supply air is ducted to
VAV Boxes and then distributed to actual zones through supply outlets. The return
air system is a ducted return with return outlets ducted back to the rooftop unit.
The Medical holding cells have dedicated exhaust systems to maintain constant
ventilation airflow through the cells. For the remaining areas, there are localized
exhaust fans which provide general exhaust for restrooms and various spaces and
also maintain space pressurization.
Smoke Zone 1 (Classrooms) – Pressurization Method Description
The Smoke Control System (SCS) for Smoke Zone 1 designed with the Pressurization
Method per 2013 CBC 909.6 will utilize a dedicated SCS exhaust fan during the smoke
control operation with the general supply and return ventilation ductwork isolated
by closed combination fire/smoke dampers. Make-up air for each classroom will be
provided via large intake relief vents on the roof with motorized fail-open dampers
opened by the SCS, drawing in 100% outside make-up air. Air will be drawn through
the intake vents by the action of the exhaust fans. The static pressure resistance of the
make-up air path will determine the negative pressure maintained in the individual
classrooms. The exhaust fans are sized to handle the static pressure through the
make-up air dampers and are UL listed “Power Ventilators for Smoke-Control
Systems”, rated and certified for the increased temperature requirements of smoke
control at 500°F/4 hrs and 1000°F/ 15 mins. The make-up air is provided directly to
each classroom and all areas will be exhausted simultaneously once the system is
activated at a rate of 20 air changes per hour (3 minute air change rate). Negative
pressure in the classrooms relative to the adjacent smoke zones and secure corridor
will contain the smoke to the classroom in which the fire occurs. Differential
pressures will not exceed the maximum door-opening force of 30 lbs per 2013 CBC
1008.1.3. Evacuation procedure provided by the County is to evacuate the inmates
from the space in which the smoke is contained to either an adjacent empty classroom
or to the secure corridor and then to the designated safe area. The planned classroom
loading is 18 inmates and one instructor. The estimated time required to relocate the
occupants once the smoke detection system is activated is less than 10 minutes. Refer
to Appendix D for evacuation procedures and timing provided by the County.
Refer to the Smoke Control Zoning List in Appendix A, the Smoke Control Operation
Matrix in Appendix C and on drawing M1.01, the SCS Schematics on drawing M1.01,
and the Exhaust Fan Schedules on M0.02 for the specific fans and relief hoods serving
each space. The “Service” row in the Exhaust Fan Schedule indicates which fans are
dedicated smoke control fans. Dedicated smoke control fans only operate during SCS
operation.
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 7
Smoke Zone 2 (Kitchen) – Purge Method Description –
The Smoke Control System for smoke zone 2 designed with the Purge Method will
utilize the dedicated SCS exhaust fans during the smoke control operation with the
general exhaust fans in that zone de-energized. The kitchen area will utilize a
dedicated SCS exhaust fan in addition to enabling the kitchen hood exhaust fans for
the removal of the smoke. The exhaust fans are sized to handle the static pressure
through the make-up air dampers and are UL listed “Power Ventilators for Smoke-
Control Systems”, rated and certified for the increased temperature requirements of
smoke control at 500°F/4 hrs and 1000°F/ 15 mins. Exhaust and make-up air for each
zone will be drawn through the overhead ductwork of each VAV air handler. The air
handler shall operate in the 100% outside air mode for the make-up air to the smoke
exhaust fans. The air handler is specified with UL 555S listed return and outside air
dampers and are rated and certified for the increased temperature requirements of
smoke control. The air handler shall be provided with a dedicated UL listed smoke
control panel to control the fan and damper operation within the air handler during
smoke evacuation mode. The VAV boxes are specified with fail open damper
actuators. The SCS will interrupt power to all VAV boxes in this zone allowing the
VAV dampers to actuate to full open. Since the make-up air is provided through a
duct system that is common to all areas within this zone, all areas served by the air
handler will be exhausted simultaneously once the system is activated. Additional
make-up air will be provided via large intake relief vents on the roof with UL555S
listed motorized fail-open dampers with end switches opened by the SCS, drawing in
100% outdoor make-up air. Make-up air will be drawn in through the relief vents by
the negative space pressure created by the exhaust system.
Evacuation procedure provided by the County is to evacuate the occupants from the
kitchen area to the secure Culinary Kitchen corridor and then to the designated safe
area. The estimated time required to relocate the occupants once the smoke detection
system is activated is less than 10 minutes. Refer to Appendix D for evacuation
procedures and timing provided by the County.
Refer to the Smoke Control Zoning List in Appendix A, the Smoke Control Operation
Matrix in Appendix C and on drawing M1.01, the SCS Schematics on drawing M1.01,
and the Exhaust Fan Schedules on M0.02 for the specific fans and air handlers serving
each space. The “Service” row in the Exhaust Fan Schedule indicates which fans are
dedicated smoke control fans. Dedicated smoke control fans only operate during SCS
operation.
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 8
Smoke Zone 3 (Medical Housing) – Pressurization Method Description
The Smoke Control System (SCS) for Smoke Zone 3 designed with the Pressurization
Method per 2013 CBC 909.6 will utilize two dedicated SCS exhaust fans during the
smoke control operation with make-up air provided through the main air handler
serving this zone in addition to relief vents. All of the cells will be positively
pressurized and the corridor will be negatively exhausted. Upon detection of smoke
the SCS will enable the smoke exhaust fans to maintain a negative pressure and
exhaust all air from the open high ceiling corridor area at a rate of 20 air changes per
hour (3 minute air change rate). The exhaust fans are sized to handle the static
pressure through the make-up air dampers and are UL listed “Power Ventilators for
Smoke-Control Systems”, rated and certified for the increased temperature
requirements of smoke control at 500°F/4 hrs and 1000°F/ 15 mins. All other exhaust
fans normally serving the cells and restroom areas will be deactivated. The air
handler shall operate in 100% outside air mode providing positive pressure and
make-up air to the cells. The air handler is specified with UL 555S listed return and
outside air dampers and are rated and certified for the increased temperature
requirements of smoke control. The air handler shall be provided with a dedicated
UL listed smoke control panel to control the fan and damper operation within the air
handler during smoke evacuation mode. The VAV boxes are specified with fail open
damper actuators. The SCS will interrupt power to all VAV boxes in this zone
allowing the VAV dampers to actuate to full open. Supply air from the air handler
will be shut off to the corridor by combination fire/smoke dampers to prevent mixing
of the smoke layer in the corridor. Make-up air to the corridor will be provided by
two relief openings down low in the wall from the Rec Yard at the east end of the
corridor and two roof mounted relief vents ducted down to low wall vents on the
west end of the corridor. UL555S listed motorized fail-open dampers with end
switches opened by the SCS will be provided at all relief openings.
Differential pressures will not exceed the maximum door-opening force of 30 lbs per
2013 CBC 1008.1.3.
Evacuation procedure provided by the County is to evacuate the inmates from the
space where the smoke is originating, through the corridor and out to either the
adjacent secure corridor or the Rec Yard. All other inmates will remain in their cells
positively pressurized with 100% outside make-up air. The estimated time required
to relocate the occupants once the smoke detection system is activated is less than 10
minutes. Refer to Appendix D for evacuation procedures and timing provided by the
County.
Refer to the Smoke Control Zoning List in Appendix A, the Smoke Control Operation
Matrix in Appendix C and on drawing M1.01, the SCS Schematics on drawing M1.01,
and the Exhaust Fan Schedules on M0.02 for the specific fans and relief hoods serving
each space. The “Service” row in the Exhaust Fan Schedule indicates which fans are
dedicated smoke control fans. Dedicated smoke control fans only operate during SCS
operation.
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 9
Detection Devices –
The Smoke Control System and Fire Alarm System are interlocked to work in
conjunction with each other. A smoke detection system is provided throughout the
expanded facility with heat detectors used in the Kitchen area. Detectors are located
at the ceiling level throughout the facility. Fire alarm panel and control is provided at
the main control room via the guard control consoles. The SCS will be activated
automatically via the smoke or heat detectors or can be manually operated by the
security guards via the central control panels. Refer to Fire Alarm drawings SE2.01
thru SE2.04 and Smoke Control Panel drawing SE4.01.
Pressurization Method Smoke Control System Sequence of Control –
• System shall be activated automatically upon detection of smoke by duct
detector in the VAV air handler or any of the local smoke or heat detectors.
System shall also be activated manually via the control panel or fire alarm
system.
• Smoke or Heat detector shall signal Fire Alarm System and Smoke Control
System.
• By action of Smoke Control System and Energy Management System
o The VAV air handlers shall disengage from heating or cooling and fans
shall shut down.
o The general exhaust fans shall deactivate.
• By action of the Fire Alarm System and Smoke Control System
o The VAV air handler Return Air Damper’s shall close by override
signal from Smoke Control System.
o Power to VAV boxes will be interrupted by signal from Smoke Control
System. VAV boxes will have fail-open damper actuators to open
100% upon loss of power.
o The VAV air handler OSA Damper’s shall open to 100% outside air
position by override signal from Smoke Control System.
o Relief Hood intake air dampers shall be driven to 100% open position
by signal from Smoke Control System.
o Smoke Exhaust Fan control dampers shall be driven to 100% open
position by signal from Smoke Control System.
o Smoke Exhaust Fan serving smoke zone shall energize and run by
signal from Smoke Control System.
• System shall run in this fashion until the Smoke Control System is manually
turned off and then reset to the automatic position.
• Refer to Operation Matrix on drawing M1.01 for specific operation of the
HVAC system and associated exhaust fans within each smoke zone.
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 10
Purge Method Smoke Control System Sequence of Control –
• System shall be activated automatically upon detection of smoke by duct
detector in the VAV air handler or any of the local smoke or heat detectors.
System shall also be activated manually via the control panel or fire alarm
system.
• Smoke or heat detector shall signal Fire Alarm System and Smoke Control
System.
• By action of Smoke Control System and Energy Management System
o The VAV air handlers shall disengage from heating or cooling, the
economizer shall be driven to 100% open and supply fans shall
continue to operate.
o The VAV air handler return fans shall deactivate.
o The general exhaust fans shall deactivate.
• By action of the Fire Alarm System and Smoke Control System
o The VAV air handler Return Air Damper’s shall close by override
signal from Smoke Control System.
o The VAV air handler OSA Damper’s shall open to 100% outside air
position by override signal from Smoke Control System.
o Power to VAV boxes will be interrupted by signal from Smoke Control
System. VAV boxes will have fail-open damper actuators to open
100% upon loss of power.
o Relief Hood intake air dampers shall be driven to 100% open position
by signal from Smoke Control System.
o Smoke Exhaust Fan control dampers shall be driven to 100% open
position by signal from Smoke Control System.
o Smoke Exhaust Fans located in each smoke zone shall energize and
run by signal from Smoke Control System.
o Kitchen Hood exhaust fans shall energize and be commanded to run at
100% by override contact relay signal from Smoke Control System.
• System shall run in this fashion until the Smoke Control System is manually
turned off and then reset to the automatic position.
• Refer to Operation Matrix on drawing M1.01 for specific operation of the
HVAC system and associated exhaust fans within each smoke zone.
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 11
Calculations:
See Appendix B for NFPA 92B-2012 Smoke Exhaust Calculations and differential
pressure calculations.
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 12
APPENDIX A
Smoke Control Zoning List
CLASSROOMS/KITCHEN – SECTOR G
Smoke Zone 1 – Classrooms
• AH-19
o EF-52 – Exhaust from Classrooms and Staff Programming
� Multipurpose Classroom G101
� Multipurpose Classroom G102
� Multipurpose Classroom G113
� Multipurpose Classroom G114
� Shared Staff Programs G103
Smoke Zone 2 – Kitchen
• AH-19
o EF-51 – Exhaust from open area
� Warewash G111
� Tray Assy G108
� Circ G110
� Staff Dining G105
o EF-43, EF-44 – Exhaust from Kitchen Hoods
� Food Prep G116
MEDICAL – SECTOR H
Smoke Zone 3 – Medical Housing and Corridor
• AH-18
o EF-41A, EF-41B
� Shared Office H101
� Male Cells H102-H110
� Female Cells H113-H118
� Jan H119
� Storage H120
� Multipurpose/Dayroom H121-H123
� M/F Cells H124-H125
� Safety Cells H126-H127
� Staff Station H128
� Staff Toilet H129
� Shower H130-H131
� Circ H132
� Vid Visit H133-H134
� Interview H135-H136
� Circ H137
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis 03-15-2016
Page 13
APPENDIX B
NFPA 92B-2012 Smoke Exhaust Calculations
Kings County Jail Phase III
Smoke Control System -
Exhaust Calculations
NFPA 92B-2012 Smoke Exhaust Calculations Smoke Zone No. 1 - Classrooms Area G
Project Name: Kings County Jail Phase III
Job # 14-9301
Date 9/4/2015
Variables Value Units Description
A = 2456 ft2 Floor area
Hc = 10 ft height of ceiling
H = 0 ft height of balcony
β = 2.8 exhaust location factor, dimensionless - 2.8 for ceilings and 2 for walls or near walls
Pelev = 249 ft project elevation
To = 75 degF Ambient Temp
Fd = 30 lbf Total door opening force, Max allowed to set in motion per 2013 CBC 1008.1.3
dP = 0.24 in. W.C. maximum allowable pressure differential from adjacent spaces (ASHRAE A53.7 (Eq9))
Al = 1.2 ft2 Effective leakage area (assuming 1/8" gap around doors, tight construction)
Cd = 0.65 Discharge Coefficient, dimensionless (ASHRAE F16.13)
cp = 0.24 btu/lb-degF specific heat of plume gases (NFPA 92B 3.8.5.1 Eq. (17))
Q = 265 btu/s steady state heat release rate (refer to narrative for description)
ρatm = 0.075 lb/ft3 density of smoke/air at 68degF (NFPA A.3.11)
Qc = 185.5 btu/s Convective portion of heat release rate ( assumed 70%)
z = 6 ft height of smoke layer above fire
zl = 4.3 ft Limiting elevation
d = 4 ft depth of smoke layer below lowest point of exhaust inlet
Zb = 6 ft height of smoke layer above balcony
Tp = 312 degF Plume Temp
Ts = 312 degF Smoke Temp
ρ = 0.0513 lb/ft3 Density of smoke
m (z>zl) = 3.26 lb/s mass flow rate of smoke production (smoke layer higher than flame height)
m (z<zl) = 2.87 lb/s mass flow rate of smoke production (smoke layer equal or lower than flame height)
Vl = 1531 ft3/min volumetric infiltration leakage rate at design pressure difference
V = 3816 ft3/min volumetric rate of smoke production. Exhaust CFM required
Vmax = 17118 ft3/min maximum flow rate at an exhaust inlet
Space Geometry &
Properties
Design Fire Properties
Calculated Variables
Page 1
Kings County Jail Phase III
Smoke Control System -
Exhaust Calculations
Smoke Zone No. 1 - Classrooms - Area G (Cont.)Equations Used
zl = 0.533*Qc^(2/5) NFPA 92B 3.8.1.2 Eq. (7)
4.3 ft
m (z>zl) = 0.022*Qc^(1/3)*z^(5/3)+0.0042*Qc NFPA 92B 3.8.1.2 Eq. (8)
3.26 lb/s
m (z<zl) = 0.0208*Qc^(3/5)*z NFPA 92B 3.8.1.2 Eq. (9)
2.87 lb/s
V = 60*m/ρ NFPA 92B 3.11 Eq. (22)
3816 ft3/min
Vmax = 0.537*β*d^(5/2)*((To+459.67)*(Ts-To))^(1/2) NFPA 92B 3.9 Eq. (20)
17118 ft3/min
Tp = To+Qc/(m*Cp) NFPA 92B 3.8.5.1 Eq. (17)
312 degF
ρ = ρatm*(528/(459.67+Tp)) NFPA 92B A.3.11
0.0513 lb/ft3
Vl = 776*Cd*A*(2*dP/ρatm)^(1/2) ASHRAE F16.13 (Eq.36)
1531 ft3/min
Page 2
Kings County Jail Phase III
Smoke Control System -
Exhaust Calculations
NFPA 92B-2012 Smoke Exhaust Calculations Smoke Zone No. 2 - Kitchen Area G
Project Name: Kings County Jail Phase III
Job # 14-9301
Date 9/4/2015
Variables Value Units Description
A = 5370 ft2 Floor area
Hc = 10 ft height of ceiling
H = 0 ft height of balcony
β = 2.8 exhaust location factor, dimensionless - 2.8 for ceilings and 2 for walls or near walls
Pelev = 249 ft project elevation
To = 75 degF Ambient Temp
Fd = 30 lbf Total door opening force, Max allowed to set in motion per 2013 CBC 1008.1.3
dP = 0.24 in. W.C. maximum allowable pressure differential from adjacent spaces (ASHRAE A53.7 (Eq9))
Al = 1.2 ft2 Effective leakage area (assuming 1/8" gap around doors, tight construction)
Cd = 0.65 Discharge Coefficient, dimensionless (ASHRAE F16.13)
cp = 0.24 btu/lb-degF specific heat of plume gases (NFPA 92B 3.8.5.1 Eq. (17))
Q = 800 btu/s steady state heat release rate (refer to narrative for description)
ρatm = 0.075 lb/ft3 density of smoke/air at 68degF (NFPA A.3.11)
Qc = 560 btu/s Convective portion of heat release rate ( assumed 70%)
z = 6 ft height of smoke layer above fire
zl = 6.7 ft Limiting elevation
d = 4 ft depth of smoke layer below lowest point of exhaust inlet
Zb = 6 ft height of smoke layer above balcony
Tp = 468 degF Plume Temp
Ts = 468 degF Smoke Temp
ρ = 0.0427 lb/ft3 Density of smoke
m (z>zl) = 5.94 lb/s mass flow rate of smoke production (smoke layer higher than flame height)
m (z<zl) = 5.56 lb/s mass flow rate of smoke production (smoke layer equal or lower than flame height)
Vl = 1531 ft3/min volumetric infiltration leakage rate at design pressure difference
V = 8351 ft3/min volumetric rate of smoke production. Exhaust CFM required
Vmax = 22042 ft3/min maximum flow rate at an exhaust inlet
Space Geometry &
Properties
Design Fire Properties
Calculated Variables
Page 3
Kings County Jail Phase III
Smoke Control System -
Exhaust Calculations
Smoke Zone No. 2 - Kitchen Area G (Cont.)Equations Used
zl = 0.533*Qc^(2/5) NFPA 92B 3.8.1.2 Eq. (7)
6.7 ft
m (z>zl) = 0.022*Qc^(1/3)*z^(5/3)+0.0042*Qc NFPA 92B 3.8.1.2 Eq. (8)
5.94 lb/s
m (z<zl) = 0.0208*Qc^(3/5)*z NFPA 92B 3.8.1.2 Eq. (9)
5.56 lb/s
V = 60*m/ρ NFPA 92B 3.11 Eq. (22)
8351 ft3/min
Vmax = 0.537*β*d^(5/2)*((To+459.67)*(Ts-To))^(1/2) NFPA 92B 3.9 Eq. (20)
22042 ft3/min
Tp = To+Qc/(m*Cp) NFPA 92B 3.8.5.1 Eq. (17)
468 degF
ρ = ρatm*(528/(459.67+Tp)) NFPA 92B A.3.11
0.0427 lb/ft3
Vl = 776*Cd*A*(2*dP/ρatm)^(1/2) ASHRAE F16.13 (Eq.36)
1531 ft3/min
Page 4
Kings County Jail Phase III
Smoke Control System -
Exhaust Calculations
NFPA 92B-2012 Smoke Exhaust Calculations Smoke Zone No. 3 - Medical Area H
Project Name: Kings County Jail Phase III
Job # 14-9301
Date 9/4/2015
Variables Value Units Description
A = 5962 ft2 Floor area
Hc = 15 ft height of ceiling
H = 0 ft height of balcony
β = 2.8 exhaust location factor, dimensionless - 2.8 for ceilings and 2 for walls or near walls
Pelev = 249 ft project elevation
To = 75 degF Ambient Temp
Fd = 30 lbf Total door opening force, Max allowed to set in motion per 2013 CBC 1008.1.3
dP = 0.3 in. W.C. maximum allowable pressure differential from adjacent spaces (ASHRAE A53.7 (Eq9))
Al = 1.2 ft2 Effective leakage area (assuming 1/8" gap around doors, tight construction)
Cd = 0.65 Discharge Coefficient, dimensionless (ASHRAE F16.13)
cp = 0.24 btu/lb-degF specific heat of plume gases (NFPA 92B 3.8.5.1 Eq. (17))
Q = 350.2 btu/s steady state heat release rate (refer to narrative for description)
ρatm = 0.075 lb/ft3 density of smoke/air at 68degF (NFPA A.3.11)
Qc = 245.14 btu/s Convective portion of heat release rate ( assumed 70%)
z = 6 ft height of smoke layer above fire
zl = 4.8 ft Limiting elevation
d = 9 ft depth of smoke layer below lowest point of exhaust inlet
Zb = 6 ft height of smoke layer above balcony
Tp = 347 degF Plume Temp
Ts = 347 degF Smoke Temp
ρ = 0.0491 lb/ft3 Density of smoke
m (z>zl) = 3.76 lb/s mass flow rate of smoke production (smoke layer higher than flame height)
m (z<zl) = 3.39 lb/s mass flow rate of smoke production (smoke layer equal or lower than flame height)
Vl = 1712 ft3/min volumetric infiltration leakage rate at design pressure difference
V = 4591 ft3/min volumetric rate of smoke production. Exhaust CFM required
Vmax = 139296 ft3/min maximum flow rate at an exhaust inlet
Space Geometry &
Properties
Design Fire Properties
Calculated Variables
Page 5
Kings County Jail Phase III
Smoke Control System -
Exhaust Calculations
Smoke Zone No. 3 - Medical Area H (Cont.)Equations Used
zl = 0.533*Qc^(2/5) NFPA 92B 3.8.1.2 Eq. (7)
4.8 ft
m (z>zl) = 0.022*Qc^(1/3)*z^(5/3)+0.0042*Qc NFPA 92B 3.8.1.2 Eq. (8)
3.76 lb/s
m (z<zl) = 0.0208*Qc^(3/5)*z NFPA 92B 3.8.1.2 Eq. (9)
3.39 lb/s
V = 60*m/ρ NFPA 92B 3.11 Eq. (22)
4591 ft3/min
Vmax = 0.537*β*d^(5/2)*((To+459.67)*(Ts-To))^(1/2) NFPA 92B 3.9 Eq. (20)
139296 ft3/min
Tp = To+Qc/(m*Cp) NFPA 92B 3.8.5.1 Eq. (17)
347 degF
ρ = ρatm*(528/(459.67+Tp)) NFPA 92B A.3.11
0.0491 lb/ft3
Vl = 776*Cd*A*(2*dP/ρatm)^(1/2) ASHRAE F16.13 (Eq.36)
1712 ft3/min
Page 6
Kings County Jail Phase III
Smoke Control System -
Exhaust Calculations
2013-CBC 909.6.2 Maximum Design Pressure Calculations Smoke Zone No. 1 - Classrooms Area G
Project Name: Kings County Jail Phase III
Job # 14-9301
Date 9/29/2015
Variables Value Units Description
A = 26.81 ft2 Door Area
d = 0.25 ft Distance from door handle to latch edge of door
F = 30 lbf Total door opening force, Max allowed to set in motion per 2013 CBC 1008.1.3
Fdc 12 lbf Force required to overcome closing device
K = 5.2 Coefficient 5.2
W = 3.83 ft Door Width
Calculated Pressure dP = 0.24 in. W.C. Maximum Allowable Design pressure difference
Equations Used
dP = 2(W-d)(F-Fdc)/KWA 2013-CBC 909.6.2 Eq. (9-1)
Design Pressure
Relief Hood = 0.02
Damper = 0.025
Relief Duct = 0.025
Relief Grille = 0.08
0.15 in. W.C. Total Negative Design Pressure for Space
Door Geometry &
Properties
Page 7
APPENDIX C Kings County Jail Phase III
Smoke Control System -
Control Matrix
Appendix C
SMOKE CONTROL OPERATION MATRIX
SMOKE DETECTION IN ZONE 2 (G)
OPERATION MODEEQUIPMENT
STATUS
SMOKE DETECTION IN ZONE 3 (H)
OPERATION MODEEQUIPMENT
STATUS
MUA-1
MUA-2
AH-19
EF-42
EF-43
EF-44
NORMAL OPERATION
SM
OK
E
ZO
NE EQUIP.
MARK
SMOKE DETECTION IN ZONE 1 (G)
OPERATION MODEEQUIPMENT
STATUS
SM
OK
E Z
ON
E 2
(G
)
VAV
RH-10
RH-11
SM
OK
E Z
ON
E 3
(H
)
VAV
LOUVER
H
NORMAL OPERATION
FIRE EF OFF
FIRE EF OFFEF-38
EF-39
EF-40
EF-41A FIRE EF ON
FIRE AH FIRE
FIRE EF OFF
FIRE EF OFF
AH-18
EF-37
FIRE DAMPER OPEN
SM
OK
E Z
ON
E 1
(G
)
AH-19 FIRE AH OFF
NORMAL OPERATION
NORMAL OPERATION
EF-51 FIRE EF OFF
EF-52 FIRE EF ON
RH-1 FIRE DAMPER OPEN
RH-2 FIRE DAMPER OPEN
RH-3 FIRE DAMPER OPEN
VAV OFF
NORMAL OPERATION
FIRE AH FIRE
FIRE EF OFF
FIRE EF ON
FIRE EF ON
FIRE AH OFF
FIRE AH OFF
FIRE EF OFF
FIRE EF ON
FIRE VAV OFF
FIRE DAMPER OPEN
FIRE
DAMPER OPEN
RH-4 FIRE DAMPER OPEN
EF-51
EF-45
FIRE
LOUVER
HFIRE
RH-5 FIRE DAMPER OPEN
EF-41B FIRE EF ON
RH-8 FIRE DAMPER OPEN
RH-9 FIRE DAMPER OPEN
DAMPER OPEN
NORMAL OPERATION
APPENDIX C Kings County Jail Phase III
Smoke Control System -
Control Matrix
Appendix C
SMOKE CONTROL MATRIX LEGEND
DESCRIPTION
ACTIVE FIRE OR SMOKE GENERATION IN THIS ZONE.
DAMPER OPEN SMOKE CONTROL RELIEF DAMPER IS ACTUATED "OPEN".
COMMENT
FIRE
VAV OFFPOWER TO VAV BOX IS INTERUPTED BY RELAY. VAV BOX ACTUATOR TO FAIL OPEN
UPON LOSS OF POWER.
AH OFF
BMS OPERATES AIR HANDLER SUPPLY AND RETURN/EXHAUST FANS; OUTSIDE AIR,
RETURN AIR, AND EXHAUST AIR DAMPERS; HEATING AND COOLING COILS, VAV
BOXES ACCORDING TO NORMAL SEQUENCE OF OPERATION. SMOKE RELIEF
DAMPERS ACTUATED CLOSED. SMOKE EXHAUST FANS OFF. CONTROL DAMPERS AT
SMOKE EXHAUST FANS ACTUATED CLOSED.
NORMAL OPERATION
AH FIRE
AIR HANDLER SUPPLY ACTUATED "ON". RETURN/EXHAUST FAN ACTUATED "OFF".
RETURN AIR DAMPER ACTUATED "CLOSED". OUTSIDE AIR DAMPER ACTUATED
"OPEN". HEATING AND COOLING ACTUATED "OFF".
EF ON EXHAUST FAN IS ACTUATED "ON". DAMPER IS ACTUATED "OPEN".
A. UNDER NON-ALARM CONDITION, AIR HANDLERS OPERATE SUPPLY AND RETURN/EXHAUST FANS ONLY.
OUTSIDE AIR DAMPER IS CLOSED. RETURN AIR DAMPER IS OPEN. HEATING AND COOLING ARE DEACTIVATED.
B. UNDER ALARM CONDITION, AIR HANDLERS OPERATE AS INDICATED IN SMOKE CONTROL MATRIX LEGEND.
SMOKE CONTROL NOTES:
1. BUILDING OPERATION UNDER NORMAL POWER
A. UNDER NON-ALARM CONDITION, AIR HANDLERS OPERATE IN NORMAL MODE FOR HEATING AND COOLING.
B. UNDER ALARM CONDITION, AIR HANDLERS OPERATE AS INDICATED IN SMOKE CONTROL MATRIX LEGEND.
2. BUILDING OPERATION UNDER POWER LOSS OR EMERGENCY POWER CONDITION
AIR HANDLER SUPPLY AND RETURN/EXHAUST FANS ACTUATED "OFF". RETURN AIR
DAMPER ACTUATED "CLOSED". OUTSIDE AIR DAMPER ACTUATED "OPEN". HEATING
AND COOLING ACTUATED "OFF".
EF OFF EXHAUST FAN IS DEACTIVATED.
Kings County Jail | Phase 3
Smoke Control System Rational Analysis APPENDIX D
OFFICE OF
SHERIFF
COUNTY OF KINGS
MEMORANDUM
The Kings County Jail SB1022 Project includes the Culinary Kitchen and Mental Health Suite.
The program staffing guidelines and evacuations exits will include the following:
Culinary Kitchen
There are four classrooms within the culinary kitchen, two that are adjoined on the northwest end
of the kitchen and two that are adjoined on the southwest end. The program will include no more
than eighteen (18) inmates and one instructor per classroom.
Each classroom has two entry/exit doors which are electronically controlled by central control
and would be utilized during an evacuation procedure. Available Facility staff would respond to
assist in the evacuation of all classrooms which would exit to the Culinary Kitchen Corridor to
the designated safe area which would take less then ten minutes.
Mental Health Suite
There are three Mental Health Multipurpose rooms on the west end of the Mental Health Suite
with one being ADA compliant. The program will include no more than three (3) inmates and
one staff per session. Each multipurpose room has one door on the southeast wall which will be
used to enter and exit the rooms to and from the Mental Health Suite corridor. These doors are all
electronically controlled by central control or may be keyed open by staff. This unit is also
comprised of (17) seventeen cells with (7) seven being double occupancy for a total housing
capacity of 24 inmates. There will be (2) Detention Deputies assigned to this unit 24 hours a day,
seven days a week. In the evacuation process for the Mental Health Unit, the multipurpose rooms
would be electronically released, the cells would be manually opened by unit assigned staff who
would evacuate inmates to a designated safe area which would take less then ten minutes.