Kinematics ( Definitions)

Kinematics ( Definitions)

Aims1)Be able to recall the definitions of displacement, instantaneous speed, average speed, velocity & acceleration.

2)Be able to describe the difference between displacement and distance.

3) Compare and contrast average speed cameras and GATSOs

Displacement The distance travelled in a certain direction.Scale Drawings


300m ( 3cm)

100m ( 1cm)

Instantaneous Speed Instantaneous speed is the speed at an instant

in time.


Distance

Time

Average Speed Average speed is the distance travelled by an

object divided by the time taken to travel that distance.


S = d/t

1) Find the definitions for Velocity & Acceleration.2) What is the difference between average speed

cameras & GATSO’s ?


Aims1. Be able to apply graphical methods to represent

displacement, speed, velocity and acceleration;

2. Be able to determine velocity from the gradient of a displacement against time graph;

3. Be able to determine displacement from the area under a velocity against time graph;

4. Be able to determine acceleration from the gradient of a velocity against time graph.

Kinematics ( Graphs)

Kinematics ( Graphs)

Aims1) Derive the equations of motion for constant acceleration in a straight line from a velocity against time graph.2)Be able to select and use the equations of

motion for constant acceleration in a straight line.

3) Apply the equations for constant acceleration in a straight line.

Kinematics ( Equations of Motion)


U

V

t00


0

10m/s

t0 4s

0t0 5s

Slope = 3m/s2

Slope = ?


v = u + atWhen do we use this to solve problems ?

1) A car starts from rest and accelerates at 2m/s2 for 4 seconds . What will its final velocity be ?

2) A car accelerates from 15m/s to 25 m/s in 10 seconds . What is its acceleration?

3) How long will it take a car to accelerate at 5m/s2 from 10m/s to 32m/s ?


s =½(u + v)tWhen do we use this to solve problems ?

1) How far will a car travel when it accelerates from 8m/s to 20m/s in 8 seconds. ?


v2 =u2 + 2asWhen do we use this to solve problems ?

1) A car starts from rest and accelerates at 2m/s2 for 4 seconds, it covers 120m in this time . What will its final velocity be ?

2) A car decelerates from 30m/s to 10 m/s .It covers a distance of 150m whilst doing this . What is its deceleration?

3) How far will a car travel when it accelerates at 2m/s2 and increases its velocity from 17m/s to 34m/s.

Kinematics ( Free Fall)

1) Apply the equations for constant accelerationto examine the motion of bodies falling in the Earth’s uniform gravitational field without air resistance;

2) Explain how experiments carried out by Galileo overturned Aristotle’s ideas of motion.

3) Describe an experiment to determine the acceleration of free fall g using a falling body;

Kinematics ( Free Fall)What does this image tell us about an object in Free Fall ?

What graphs could we plot ?

What calculations could we do ?


Time Height Displacement 0.00 20.00 0.000.20 19.80 0.200.40 19.21 0.790.60 18.25 1.750.80 16.96 3.041.00 15.37 4.631.20 13.53 6.471.40 11.48 8.521.60 9.26 10.741.80 6.90 13.102.00 4.43 15.572.20 1.88 18.12

Time Velocity0.00 0.00.20 -2.00.40 -4.00.60 -6.00.80 -8.01.00 -10.01.20 -12.01.40 -14.01.60 -16.01.80 -18.0

Use the data below to plot 3 graphs.

What do the graphs show?


Aristotle and Galileo

Explain how experiments carried out by Galileo overturned Aristotle’s ideas of motion.

Include a description of the inclined plane experiment.

Galileo Aristotle

What we have CoveredKinematics

What we have CoveredLinear Motion

Documents

Kinematics ( Definitions)