Kháng Sinh Trong Chăn Nuôi.nhóm 2

7/22/2019 Khng Sinh Trong Chn Nui.nhm 2

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GVHD : TS. Nguyn

Nhm thchin : NguynKh

mThuHu

NguynThH

LuThPh

inhQuang T


2/20


3/20

Nm 1928, Alexander Fleming nh khoa hc ngi Scotland, ln

utin thytrong mi trngnui cytcuvng nuc lnnm

penicilinum th khun lcgnnmskhng pht trinc. Nm

1939, Florey v Chain chit c ra t nm cht penicllin

dng trong iu tr. Nm 1941, cc nh khoa hc ch ra loi

penicillin c hottnh cao hnctriulnpenicillin do Fleming tm

thynm1928.

CuithkXX, cng nghsinh hcv ha dcpht trinmnh,

ngi ta tm ra rtnhiu lakhng sinh mi. Ngy nay con ngi

bitckhong8000 chtkhng sinh dng trong y khoa v th y.

1. Lchshnh thnh.


4/20

Sdngkhng sinh trong chnnuiv nui trngthysn l vic s dng khng sinh cho mc ch no

trong chnnui cagia sc , trong bao gmkhng ch

l iutrhociutrdphng cabnh m cn sdng

trong thcngia scthc ytngtrngv nng cao

hiuquthcntrong vicchnnui gia sc tptrung.Khng sinh (bao gmcthuckhng sinh v thucchng

nm)v cc loithuckhc csdngbibc sth y

v ngichnnui tngsckhng casc, gia cm

v ngvtnui khc.


5/20

2. Khi nimchtkhng sinh

Mmbnh( Cc VSV gybnh) Vtnuibbnh

Khng sinh l nhngchthucc cutophctp, c ngungcvi sinh vt,

hphoctnghpha hc, chng cavo cthnhmtiu dithoc

nguyn sinh ngvtv nmcgybnhcho cth.

Khng sinh khng c tc dngiutrbnhdo vi rt gy ra.

Kh


6/20

Ch c tc dngiu trngbnhdo mi loi khng sinh c tc dngvi

mmbnhnhtnh

Khng sinh tiu ditvi khungybnhnhngngthicngph hoisc

hccatponvi sinh vttrong ngtiu ha, toiukinpht sinh ccbnh

Sdngkhng sinh khng ngliulng trong thigian di d lm cho vi

i, trnn khng thuc, rtkh iutrkhibnh

cimthuckhng sinh:


7/20

48%

36%

16%

Dung dch tim v ung

Bt ung

Bt pha tim

Tlcc dngbo chchyuca

khng sinh trong chnnuiMtsthuckhng sinh

chnnui v th

Phn loikhng sinh:


8/20

CCH PHN LOI PHN LOIDavo mctc dng - Khng sinh ditkhun.

- Khng sinh km khun.

Davophtc dngcakhng sinh

- Nhm cphtc dnghp, chtc dngchyuln 1 loiha

no , chng tc dngvicvi khunGr+, Gr- v.v.

Davo ngungc - Khng sinh c ngungctsinh vt, xkhun.

- Nhm khng sinh c ngungcha dchay do con ngit

Davo cchtc dng- Nhm khng sinh c tc dngln t bo vi khun.

- Nhm thuctc dngln hphi bo lm riloncc hot

trong nguyn sinh cht.

Phn loikhng sinh:


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TT NHM TC DNG TN LOI THU

1 - Lactam Trccbnhnhimtrng v lin cuvtnui

Peniciline, Amoxycilline, Cloxaciline

2 Aminoglucosides Trccbnhthuyttrng, vim ngtitniu, sinh dc

Apramycin, Kanamycin, Spectinomy

3 Macrolides Vim ph qun phi, huyt nhim cukhun..

Erythromycin, Josamycin, Spiramycin

4 Tetracyclin Nhim khun ng rut, a chy do

E.coli, Salmonella

Tetracyclin, Oxytetracyclin, Doxycyc

5 Fluoro quinolones Vimphi,, vim hchnhn, vim xoan,vim cttygia sc

Flumequine,, Norfloxacin, Marboflox

6 Polymyxins Tr ccbnh h hp, tiu ha, bnh nhitthn

Colistin

7 Griseofulvin Chngnm Nystatin, Flucytosine, Ketoconazole

8 Phenicol Trccbnhtruynnhim Chloramphenicol

Mtsnhm khng sinh sdngtrong chnnui:


10/20

- Chnhtheophtc dng, nunhimkhunxc nh, dng khng sinhph

- Dng liutcnngv nnh, khng dng liutngdn

- Chdng khng sinh cho nhimkhun, khng dng cho nhimvirus, dng cng

- Dng thigian

- Chnthuctheo dcnghc( hpth, phnphi, chuynha, thitr)phnhimkhunv tnh trngbnhsc

- Phihpviccbinphp iutrkhc

- Phng ngabngthuckhng sinhphiththpl

Nguyn tcsdngkhng sinh


11/20

c ch chuyn haaxit folic

Tnthngmng tboPolypeotides

DHF A

THF A

ADN

RIBOSOM

SunfamidesPrimethoprim

PABA

- Lactamin (Amoicilin, Amocxilin)Glycopeptide (Vancomycine)

Polimycine (Bacitracine)

cchtnghpthnh tbo

Cchtc ngcak

4 c ch:

1. c ch tng hp vch t bo:

Khng sinh c ch sinh tng hp vch nhcc -lactam, vancomycin.

2. c ch tng hp protein: Khng sinh c

ch tng hp protein ca vi khun mc

ribosom:

+ Streptomycin,nhm aminoglycoside,tetracyclin c ch tng hp protein bng

cch gn vo tiu phn 30s ribosom ca vi

khun.

+ Macrolid, Lincosamid, Chloranphenicol

li tc ng bng cch gn vo tiu phn

50s ca ribosome.


12/20

Cchtc ngcak

4 c ch:

3. c ch chc nng mng: Khng sinhgy ri lon chc nng thm thu chn

lccamng nguyn tng: Polymycin.

4. cchtnghpaxit nucleic:

+ Khng sinh c tc dngcchtnghp

nucleic acid 3 mckhc nhau.+ Tc ng vo sao chp ADN: nhm

quinolon.

+ cchsao m ARN: rifampicin

+ c ch tng hp cc nucleotid:

sulfamid v trimethoprim.

c ch chuyn haaxit folic

Tnthngmng tboPolypeotides

DHF A

THF A

ADN

RIBOSOM

SunfamidesPrimethoprim

PABA

- Lactamin (Amoicilin, Amocxilin)Glycopeptide (Vancomycine)

Polimycine (Bacitracine)

cchtnghpthnh tbo


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- Khng sinh khng tctingngtc dngtinhimkhun, do liuln

do dcnghckhng thch hp, do tngtc thuclm gimtc dngcakh

- Do vi khunkhng thuc, cnthay khng sinh khc hocphihpkhng sin

- Vi khunkhng khng sinh

Khng tnhin: vi khunc tnh khng ttrckhi tipxc vikhng sinhKhng mcphi: vi khunangnhycmvikhng sinh, sau mtthigian ti

khng nhycmna

Nhngnguyn nhn thtbikhi sdngkhng sinh


14/20

C 2 phngphp thngcsdngtrong thct:

1. Nui cychitlydchtitcachng trong mi trngnui cyv tinh ch

- Phngphp ny gy totbinngunhin v chnnhngdng vi sinh vtc n

-Thnghimcc loimi trngnui cychnmi trngthch hp

- Phngphp ny thngtnthigian v cho nngsutthp

2.ngdngcng nghgen snxut.- CyDNA ti thpc ongen quy nhvicsnxutkhng sinh vo vi khun

- Nui trong mi trngthunlipht trinnhanh

- Phngphp thu cnngsutcao, tora cnhiuloikhng sinh miv tr

khng thucvi khun


15/20

1. Khng sinh cncsdngliuiutrv liutrnh. Cnnhv

tccbncaliuphp khng sinh l NHANH,MNH,THIGIAN.

2. Khng sdngkhng sinh cho cc trnghpnhimkhunnh.C nhiu

nh,cthc thtchngm khng cnsdngkhng sinh.

3. Nuc th,utin dng khng sinh tc ngtichhnl ton thn. V

sinh ton thn utin cho cc ca nhimtrng nng.

4. Khng sdngkhng sinhphrngnuvi khungy nhimtrng nhy

khng sinhphhp.

5. Vic chn la khng sinh cncnc vo nguyn nhn gy bnh thn

chnglm sng v cc xt nghimcnlm sng.

6. Cnlu cc thng sdcnghcchnkhng sinhm mmbn

cmv khng sinh c khnngtptrung vo mbnh,t gy tc dngphcho


16/20

1. Timnngcavicsdngkhng sinh trong chnnui v nui trngthys

- Gia tnghiuquv tctngtrng- iutrlm sng ngvtbmcbnhv ngnngahoc lm gimtlmc

nhim.

- Chngliccbnhcth.

2. Nhnghnchkhi sdngkhng sinh

- Khng sinh c thnhimvo thcndo tipxc vimi trngc chakhng sin

- Khng sinh c thtndtrong snphmchnnui do sdngkhng sinh thng

chtngtrngcho gia sc hocpha vo nciutrdchbnh

- Khng sinh c thcho thngvo thcphmvimcchcch, tiu ditvi sinh v

- Khng sinh sdngchabnhcho gia sc, sau licgitthtm khng c t

cnthit


17/20

Giihntiacakhng sinh tndtrong cc snphmchnnui cc ncEU

Khng c s dng Tylosin cho n g trng thng phm

C, m, gan, thnHeo, gia cmTylosin

Gan

m, daC

G thtSpiramycin

Thn

GanTrngCSa

Tt c cc loi ng vtOxitetracyclin v

Tetracyclin

ThnGan

TrngCSa

Tt c cc loi ng vtChlortetracyclin

C, gan, thn, m.Sa.

Tt c cc loi ng vtOxacillin

C, gan, thn, m.

Sa.Tt c cc loi ng vtAmpicillin

Loi thc phmLoi ng vtLoi khng sinh

(Ngun: Bir GzaBir Gr


18/20

Gentian Violet (Crystal violet)14

Green Malachite (Xanh Malachite)13

Tylosin phosphate12

Bacitracin Zn11

Olaquindox10

Carbadox9

Ofloxacin8

Ciprofloxacin7

Eprofloxacin6

Dipterex (Tn khac: Metriphonat, Trichlorphon, Neguvon, Chlorophos, DTHP), DDVP (Tn khac: DDichlorovos)

5

Metronidazole (Tn khac: Trichomonacid, Flagyl, Klion, Avimetronid)4

Dimetridazole (Tn khac: Emtryl)3

Furazolidon vadn xut ca nhom Nitrofuran (Nitrofuran, Furacillin, Nitrofurazon, Furacin, Nitrofura

Orafuran, Furadonin, Furadantin, Furaltadon, Payzone, Furazolin, Nitrofurmethon, Nitrofuridin

2

Chloramphenicol (Tn khac: Chloromycetin, Chlornitromycin, Laevomycin, Chlorocid, Leukomycin)1

Tn hoa cht v khang sinhTT

Nhng ha cht, khng sinh b cm s dng trong TY V

(Thng ts15/2009/TT-BNN ngy 17 thang 3 nm2009, BNN & PTNT)


19/20

Nhom Fluoroquinolones (cm sdng trong sn xut, kinh doanh thy snxut khu vo thitrngMy v BcMy)19

Gentian Violet (Crystal violet)18

Trichlorfon (Dipterex)17

Glycopeptides16

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)15

Clenbuterol14

Cac Nitroimidazole khac13

Ipronidazole12Geen Malachite (Xanh Malachite)11

Ronidazole10

Nitrofuran (bao gm c Furazolidone)9Metronidazole8

Dimetridazole7

Dapsone6

Colchicine5

Chlorpromazine4

Chloroform3

Chloramphenicol2

Thc

cht, ch

trng

trng, c

bi da

khu s

trng

nc v

nghc

bin.

Aristolochia spp v cac ch phm t chng1

i tTn hoa cht, khang sinhTT

Danh mc ha cht, khng sinh cm sdng trong Th

(Thng ts15/2009/TT-BNN ngy 17 thang 3 nm2009, BNN & PTNT)


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Kháng Sinh Trong Chăn Nuôi.nhóm 2