KERJASAMA INDONESIA – AUSTRALIA DALAM MENANGGULANGI

KASUS PENGUNGSI AFGHANISTAN DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2013 -

2016

SKRIPSI

YESSA ESTANIA PUTRI

1310412055

UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL “VETERAN” JAKARTA

FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK

PROGRAM STUDI HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

2017

KERJASAMA INDONESIA – AUSTRALIA DALAM MENANGGULANGI

KASUS PENGUNGSI AFGHANISTAN DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2013 -

2016

SKRIPSI

Diajukan Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat Guna Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Ilmu

Hubungan Internasional

YESSA ESTANIA PUTRI

1310412055

UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL “VETERAN” JAKARTA

FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK

PROGRAM STUDI HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

2017

viii

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL.................................................................................................i

PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ........................................................................ iii

PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI ................................................. iiii

PENGESAHAN ..................................................................................................... iv

ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. v

ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... vii

KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... vii

DAFTAR ISI.........................................................................................................viii

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... x

DAFTAR GRAFIK.................................................................................................xi

DAFTAR SINGKATAN.......................................................................................xii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN………………………………………………………….xiii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar Belakang...............................................................................................1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah ......................................................................................... 5

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................................... 5

1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................................... 6

1.5 Tinjauan Pustaka ........................................................................................... 6

1.6 Alur Pemikiran ............................................................................................ 10

1.7 Kerangka Teori ............................................................................................ 10

1.7.1 Teori Kerjasama Internasional .............................................................. 10

1.7.2 Konsep Hak Asasi Manusia .................................................................. 15

1.7.3 Konsep Pengungsi................................................................................. 17

1.8 Metode Penelitian ........................................................................................ 19

1.8.1 Jenis Penelitian ..................................................................................... 19

1.8.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data.................................................................... 20

1.8.3 Teknik Analisa Data ............................................................................. 20

1.9 Asumsi ......................................................................................................... 21

1.10 Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................................ 21

ix

BAB II PERMASALAHAN PENGUNGSI AFGHANISTAN DI INDONESIA

II.1 Gambaran Umum Terkait Pengungsi ......................................................... 23

II.1.1 Pengertian Pengungsi ........................................................................... 23

II.2 Latar Belakang Masuknya Pengungsi Afghanistan di Indonesia ............... 27

II.2.1 Sejarah Pengungsi Afghanistan............................................................ 27

II.2.2 Pengungsi Afghanistan di Indonesia .................................................... 30

II.2.3 Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi ...................................................... 32

II.3 Permasalahan Pengungsi Afghanistan yang ada di Indonesia .................... 35

BAB III KERJASAMA INDONESIA – AUSTRALIA DALAM

MENANGGULANGI KASUS PENGUNGSI DI INDONESIA

III.1 Indonesia – Australia Ministerial Forum (IAMF) ..................................... 42

III.2 Australia–Indonesia Ministerial Dialogue (AIMIN) ................................. 45

III.3 Kerjasama Tidak Langsung (Multilateral) ................................................ 52

III.3.1 Lombok Treaty ................................................................................... 52

III.3.2 Bali Process......................................................................................... 56

BAB IV PENUTUP

IV.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................... 60

IV.2 Saran .......................................................................................................... 61

DAFTAR PUSTAKA...........................................................................................62

x

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1 Jumlah Kedatangan Pengungsi di Indonesia 2013-2016..........................38

xi

DAFTAR GRAFIK

Grafik 1 Daftar Pengungsi yang berada di Rumah Detensi Imigrasi.......................3

xii

DAFTAR SINGKATAN

ABK : Anak Buah Kapal

ADF : Australia Defense Force

AII : Australia-Indonesia Institute

AIMIN : Australia – Indonesia Ministerial Dialogue

AS : Amerika Serikat

AUSAID : Australian Agency for International Development

AVRR : Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration Programme

BASARNAS : Badan Search And Rescue Nasional

BRMC : Bali Regional Ministerial Conference

CTI : Coral Triangle Initiative

CWS : Church World Service

DPR RI : Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia

FADMM : Foreign Affairs and Defence Ministers Meeting

HAM : Hak Asasi Manusia

IAMF : Indonesia – Australia Ministerial Forum

IAMF : Indonesia-Australia Ministerial Forum

IDPs : Internally Displaced Person

IOM : International Organization for Migration

ISAF : International Security Assistance Force

JCLEC : Jakarta Centre for Law Enforcement Cooperation

KBRI : Kedutaan Besar Republik Indonesia

MoU : Memorandum of Understanding

NATO : North Atlantic Treaty Organization

OEF : Operation Enduring Freedom

PBB : Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa

RCF : Regional Cooperation Framework

RCP : Regional Consultative Process

RSD : Refugee Status Determination

RSO : Regional Support Office

xiii

RUDENIM : Rumah Detensi Imigrasi

TNI : Tentara Nasional Indonesia

UNCTOC : United Nations Conventions against Transnational Organized Crime

UNHCR : United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

UNODC : United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

UU : Undang-Undang

WTO : World Trade Organization

xiv

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1 Riwayat Hidup

Lampiran 2 Form A2.2 & A5

Lampiran 3 Surat Keterangan Riset di UNHCR

Lampiran 4 Surat Keterangan Riset di Kementerian Luar Negeri

Lampiran 5 Surat Keterangan Riset di Direktorat Jenderal Imigrasi

Lampiran 6 Surat Keterangan Riset di Direktorat Jenderal Imigrasi

Lampiran 7 Perjanjian Kerjasama Indonesia Australia