Ken Jacobs Airport Planning & Environmental Division [email protected] March 3, 2010 Federal Aviation Administration Federal Aviation Administration 33

Ken Jacobs

Airport Planning & Environmental Division

[email protected]

March 3, 2010

Federal AviationAdministrationFederal AviationAdministration

33rd Annual Airports Conference

Hershey, PA

Airports Safety Management System

Integrating Planning Integrating Planning Into the ProcessInto the Process

2Federal AviationAdministrationMarch 2010 33rd Annual Airports Conference

Safety Management System– SMS

• A process for achieving acceptable levels of safety risk*• Elements

– Policy• Commitment• Boundaries

– Safety Risk Management• Analyze Risk• Control Risks (mitigate)• Accept Risks• System Changes

– Assurance• System performance• Hazard identification

– Promotion• Communication, outreach, culture and human resources

* FAA Order 8000.369, Safety Management System Guidance

* FAA Order 8000.369, Safety Management System Guidance

SMS is a quality process that provides

feedback for continuous

improvement

SMS is a quality process that provides

feedback for continuous

improvement


Safety Risk Management– SRM • Describe the System

– Mission– Human– Machine– Management– Media or Environment

• Identify Hazards– What can go wrong– Causes– System State– Effect

• Analyze Risks– Existing controls– Severity– Likelihood

• Assess Risks– Single point failure– Common cause failure– Risk acceptability– high,

medium, or low

• Treat Risks– Mitigation – Avoidance– Transfer– Assumption– Control– Implementation and

monitoring

Infrastructure


Airport Planning

• Existing Conditions Inventory

• Aviation Forecasts

• Facility Requirements

• Alternatives Development and Evaluation

• Airport Layout Plan

• Project Selection and Implementation– Project sequencing and master schedule

– Environmental review

– Financing

– (Safety assessment and acceptance)

Airport Planning SRM A Process For Satisfying Long-term Aeronautical Demand

A Process For Satisfying Long-term Aeronautical Demand


Airport Planning SRM Context

Airport Process (SMS)

FAA ATO SMSFAA ATO SMS

FAA ARP SMS (TBD)

FAA ARP SMS (TBD)

Airport Planning Airport Planning SRMSRM


System Infrastructure and Operations• Infrastructure and Operations

– Infrastructure can (almost always) be operated in a safe manner

– Therefore, system operations ultimately determine system safety.

• SMS balances operational production and safety– Therefore, airport infrastructure must provide for a safe operation that

meets aeronautical demands

– Airport production can be measured in terms of system capacity, efficiency and utility

• Infrastructure– Provided by the Airport, ATO Tech Ops– Approved and funded by ARP

• Operations– Provided by…– Flight Operations: Air Traffic (ATO), Flight Standards, etc

– Airport Operations: Airport

– Aircraft Operations: Pilot

Airport Planning


Time Line

-Infrastructure

-Operations

Decision

Level

New operations beginNew operations begin

Planning… Construction…

Planning Process Decisions


Planning Process and SRM

Plan

Construct

Design

Operate

Complete SRM

*Planning Safety Assessment)*Planning Safety Assessment)

Start SRM*


Planning Safety Assessment

• Develop Alternatives• Preliminary Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment• Modification of Standards• Identify Potential Limitations

– Aircraft– Taxiways– Runways– Procedures– Capacity

• Establish Efficiency, Capacity and Utility Targets


SRM in PlanningMaster Planning

Form Advisory Committee

Inventory

Aviation Forecasts

Demand/ Capacity Analysis

Facility Requirements

Alternatives Analysis

SRM Planning Analysis Occurs Here

Environmental Overview

Airport Layout Plans (ALP)

Financial/ Feasibility Analysis

FAA Approval of Forecasts and ALP


SRM in EnvironmentalEnvironmental Assessment Environmental Impact Statement

Form Advisory Committee Form Advisory Committee and Public Outreach/Participation Program

Scoping Scoping

Purpose and Need Purpose and Need

Proposed Action Proposed Action

Alternatives Development Alternatives Development

Analysis/ Refinement Analysis/ Refinement

SRM Planning Analysis Occurs Here SRM Planning Analysis Occurs Here

Affected Environment Affected Environment

Environmental Consequences Environmental Consequences

Draft EA Draft EIS

Public Hearings Public Hearings

Public Review Period Public Review Period

Final EA Final EIS

FAA APPROVES by Issuing Finding or No Significant Impact (FONSI) FAA APPROVES by Issuing Record of Decision (ROD)


SRM in Design and ConstructionDesign Construction

Pre-Design Conference Airport Sponsor Prepares Grant Application Based on Construction Cost Estimate

Airport Sponsor Prepares Grant Application for Design FAA Awards Grant

FAA Awards Grant Advertise for Bids from Contractors

Prepare 30% Plans & Specs Award contractor with the lowest most responsive bid

Airport Sponsor/FAA/State Review Pre-Construction Conference with stake holders

Prepare 60% Plans & Specs SRM Analysis occurs at this stage

Airport Sponsor/FAA/State Review Construction Begins

Prepare 90% Plans & Specs Construction Completed

SRM Analysis Occurs at this stage FAA/State/Airport Sponsor Initial Final Inspection/Punch List

Airport Sponsor/FAA/State Review Contractor Completes Work

Prepare 100% Plans & Specs, Safety Phasing Plan(s) and Construction Cost Estimate . i.e. Construction

DocumentsFAA/State/Airport Sponsor Conduct Final Inspection

FAA/State/Airport Sponsor Accepts Work and Approves

Airport Sponsor Updates ALP to Reflect Changes to Airport


Concurrent Planning…

• Begin with the end in mind– operational benefits for the aviation system

• Initial planning must include safety as well as other considerations

• Assemble a complete complement of stakeholders, including operations safety

• Capture and apply critical safety decisions to each subsequent phase of the airport planning and development process

SRM Benchmarks for Airport Planning SRM Benchmarks for Airport Planning


Implementation Studies

• What– Incorporate SRM into the airport planning and development process– Master Planning and ALP

Approval

– Environmental Review

– Modification of Standards

– Construction Safety Phasing

• How– Test various SRM approaches to the planning/development process – ATO SRM

– Airport SRM

– ARP Contractor SRM

– Passive

– Case studies

• FAA Team Effort

• Interview Participants

• Identify Lessons Learned and Best Practices

• Apply to SRM Guidance

• FAA Team Effort

• Interview Participants

• Identify Lessons Learned and Best Practices

• Apply to SRM Guidance


SRM Approaches• ATO SRM

SRM panel facilitated by ATO. Expand the current ATO role and require more involvement from ARP to address the entire airfield, including proposed development and the associated airspace.

• Airport SRM Airport sponsor hires a safety consultant to perform a safety assessment. Readily funded by the Airport Improvement Program (AIP). Airport sponsor has direct control over airport safety operations during and after construction.

• ARP Contractor SRMSRM panel facilitated by the ARP SMS support contractor. Can effectively leverage the outcomes for ARP guidance.

• PassivePassive participation in the planning process. Observe and propose how a new SRM process could be incorporated into existing planning process steps. Minimal impact on the existing planning process.

• Case studies Review outcomes and interview participants of completed ATO SRM processes


Thanks for Your Time…Now…