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Montreal ProtocolThe most successful international treaty ever, signed
by 197 countriesAim to phase out PRODUCTION of ozone depleting
gasesMethyl bromide added in 1992Phase out of non QPS use in developed countries was
required by 2005 and developing countries by 2015After those dates required to apply to the UNEP with
a critical use nominationQPS is exempt controls but countries asked to reduce
use
History of usePeak of nearly 70,000 tonnes of methyl
bromide use in early 1990’sMany countries have totally phased out
methyl bromide use Reduced to 12,665 tonnes 2012Quarantine and preshipment is now 70% of
the world use50 countries reported QPS use in 2012Figures Source: Ozone Secretariat Data
Access Centre, April 2014
Category of use A5 Non-A5 Worldwide
Grain & dried foodstuffs 18% 8% 14%
Sawn wood and WPM* 12% 8% 23%
Logs 29% 17% 21%
Soil in situ 0% 30% 14%
Misc. and other 16% 7% 8%
Total identified uses 75% 70% 80%
The main four uses amount to over 70% of the MB consumed for QPSTechnical Economic Assessment Panel estimates that 31- 47% of these top four consumption categories (grain, logs, soil, WPM) can be replaced immediately with commercially available alternatives
* WPM – Wood packaging material; # - TEAP Progress Report 2011
IPPC Replacement or reduction of the use of methyl bromide as a phytosanitary measure (2008)Recommends a number of things to do to: 1. Replacement of Methyl Bromide Use as a
Phytosanitary Measure 2. Reducing Volumes of Methyl Bromide Use as
a Phytosanitary Measure 3. Physically Reducing Methyl Bromide
Emissions 4. Recording Methyl Bromide Use as a
Phytosanitary Measure 5. Guidelines for Appropriate Use of Methyl
Bromide as a Phytosanitary Measure
Record MB use in CategoriesBulbs, corms, tubers and rhizomes (intended for planting)Cut flowers and branches (including foliage)Fresh fruit and vegetablesGrain, cereals and oil seeds for consumption including rice (not intended
for planting)Dried foodstuffs (including herbs, dried fruit, coffee, cocoa)Nursery stock (plants intended for planting other than seed), and associated
soil and other growing mediaSeeds (intended for planting)Wood packaging materialsWood (including round wood, sawn wood, wood chips)Whole logs (with or without bark)Hay, straw, thatch grass, dried animal fodder (other than grains and cereals
listed above)
Categories of MB useCotton and other fibre crops and productsTree nuts (almonds, walnuts, hazelnuts etc.)Structures and equipmentBuildings with quarantine pests (including elevators,
dwellings, factories, storage facilities)Equipment (including used agricultural machinery and
vehicles), empty shipping containers and reused packagingOther itemsPersonal effects, furniture, crafts, artefacts, hides, fur and skins
Information on alternatives on the Ozone programme web siteTechnical and Economic Assessment Panel
(TEAP) annual progress reportsFour yearly TEAP Assessment Report Guideline for methyl bromide quarantine and
preshipment use http://ozone.unep.org/new_site/en/index.php
Rank Country2012
tonnes
1United States of America 1,170.90
2 China 1,094.29
3 Viet Nam 838
4 India 759.53
5 Australia 675.54
6 Japan 594.85
7 New Zealand 571.3
8 Mexico 501.96
9 Republic of Korea 445.3
10 Egypt 439
11 Thailand 320.2
12 Indonesia 202
13 Malaysia 124.77
14 Myanmar 121.2
15 El Salvador 109.516 Chile 108.21
17 Singapore 100.21
18 Brazil 74.17
19 Argentina 59.4
20United Arab Emirates 57.5
21 Lebanon 50
22 Philippines 47.96
23 Turkey 40
24 Turkmenistan 40
25 Guatemala 37
26 Sri Lanka 33.03
27 Dominican Republic 29.4
28Iran (Islamic Republic of) 25
29 Uruguay 24.4
30 Pakistan 23.97
31 Cameroon 23
32 Honduras 21.41
33 Nicaragua 18.96
34 Fiji 16.3
35 Saudi Arabia 15
36 Jordan 12
37 Israel 10.39
38 Morocco 10
39 Costa Rica 4.9
40 Jamaica 2
41 Canada 1.82
42 Solomon Islands 1.2
44 Kyrgyzstan 1.1
45Trinidad and Tobago 1
46 Zimbabwe 1
47 Vanuatu 0.4
48 Swaziland 0.23
49 Barbados 0.2
50 Belize 0.08