64
www.simplychassidus.com קדושים תהיו תשכ" אKedoshim Tihiyu 5721

Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    4

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

www.simplychassidus.com

תהיו קדושים א"תשכ

Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721

Page 2: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

ב"ה

About Simply Chassidus

Simply Chassidus releases one ma’amar of the Rebbe each month

with English translation and commentary. Each ma’amar is divided

into three sections, each of which can be learned in approximately

one hour. By learning one section per week, usually on Shabbos

morning, participants can finish one ma’amar per month, with time to

review the ma’amar on Shabbos Mevarchim.

Simply Chassidus is translated by Simcha Kanter and is a project of

Congregation Bnei Ruven in Chicago under the direction of Rabbi

Boruch Hertz.

Reviewed with Rabbi Fischel Oster in the zechus of refuah shleima for

רבקה שרה בן יהודה 'ארי .

Made possible by

The ma’amar “Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721” from Sefer Hamaamorim Volume 3 is copyrighted by Kehot Publication Society, a division of Merkos L’inyonei

Chinuch, and is reprinted here with permission.

Page 3: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

3 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

Section One

The Rebbe said this ma’amar in 5721 (1961) based on the following

possuk:

Speak to the entire congregation of the

children of Israel, and say to them, “You

shall be holy, for I, Hashem, your G-d, am

holy.”

י נ ת ב ל עד ר אל כ ב ד ת ר מ א ל ו א ר הם יש אל

דוש י ק יו כ ה ים ת דש קי אני יכם: י אלק

This possuk comes after a series of pesukim which list the forbidden

relationships (marrying one’s sister, mother, etc.), and on a simple

level refers to the holiness that comes as a result of refraining from

these forbidden relationships. In this ma’amar, the Rebbe will explain

the deeper meaning of this possuk.

ואיתא ,1אל כל עדת בני ישראל גו' קדושים תהיו כי קדוש אני דברקדושתי למעלה ,תלמוד לומר כי קדוש אני ,יכול כמוני 2במדרש

,מקדושתכם

Commenting on the fact that the possuk says that “You shall be holy,

for I, Hashem, your G-d, am holy,” the Midrash says:

You might think that you are able to be holy to the same

extent that I am holy. This is why the possuk clarifies,

“because I am holy” – My holiness is superior to your holiness.

However, the premise behind the question of the Midrash is difficult

to understand:

איך שייך אפילו קס"ד שיהיו כמוני. 3וצריך להבין

How can one even consider the possibility that our holiness (the

holiness of a created being) is comparable to the holiness of

Hashem? Isn’t this clearly out of the question?

Page 4: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

4 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

The Rebbe explains the basis for the Midrash’s assumption:

דהטעם להקס"ד יכול כמוני )אף שנברא הוא ,ולכאורה יש לומרקדוש אני כי כי מלשון הכתוב קדושים תהיו ,הוא ( וך לבוראבאין ער

,משמע ( על קדושים תהיו הטעם וההסברה )שקדוש אני הואשהציווי קדושים תהיו הוא שקדושתם של ישראל צריכה להיות

דכיון ,יכול כמוני ]ויש לומר ההסברה בזה –בדומה לקדושתו ית' לכן שייכים ישראל לכל הענינים ,4שישראל וקוב"ה כולא חד

.[דלמעלה

The Midrash is addressing this possibility (even though it seems

obvious that the holiness of a created being can’t compare to the

holiness of Hashem) because the wording of the possuk seems to

imply this conclusion when it says “You shall be holy because I am

holy.” By mentioning Hashem’s holiness as the reason for our

holiness, it seems to imply that we must have a level of holiness that

is similar to His in order to fulfill this commandment.

[The spiritual basis for such an assumption is the fact that “the Jews

and the Holy One, blessed be He, are all one,” which therefore gives

the Jews “access” to a level which is similar to Hashem’s level of

holiness.]

However, the conclusion of the Midrash makes it difficult to

understand the wording of the possuk:

מסקנת המדרש קדושתי (אבל עפ"ז צריך להבין )לאידך גיסא ני.קדוש א כי איך זה מתאים עם לשון הכתוב ,למעלה מקדושתכם

If the Midrash concludes that Hashem’s holiness is (incomparably)

superior to our holiness, how can we explain the meaning of the

words, “because I am holy”?

In order to understand the meaning of the phrase “because I am

holy” and the explanation of the Midrash, the Rebbe brings the Alter

Rebbe’s explanation of this Midrash from Likkutei Torah:

Page 5: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

5 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

דקדושתכם היא הקדושה שנמשכת ע"י אתערותא ,5ומבואר בלקו"תוקדושתי שלמעלה מקדושתכם היא ,( דלתתא )מעשה המצוות

( קדושה נעלית ביותר שאין אתערותא דלתתא )דמעשה המצוות ונמשכת ע"י התשובה. ,מגעת שם

In Likkutei Torah, the Alter Rebbe explains that the phrase “My

holiness is superior to your holiness” refers to two different levels

of holiness which a Jew can draw down into the world. “Your

holiness” refers to the holiness which is brought into the world

through the efforts of creation (through the performance of mitzvos),

and “My holiness” refers to a higher level of holiness which cannot be

reached through the (standard) “efforts of creation” (performance of

mitzvos), and can only be accessed through teshuva.

Based on this explanation, we would explain the possuk according to

the Midrash as follows:

“You shall be holy, for I, Hashem, your G-d, am holy.” Hashem says:

You might think that you can reach My level of holiness through “the

efforts of creation,” but this is not possible. The only way to reach

“My holiness” (which is higher than “your holiness” of performing

mitzvos) is through teshuva.

However, this explanation still requires clarification:

Question One:

,אתערותא דלתתא ,הרי גם תשובה היא עבודת האדם ,וצריך ביאור .ולמה נקראת קדושתי שלמעלה מקדושתכם

How can the Alter Rebbe say that “My holiness” can’t be accessed

through the efforts of creation, but can be accessed through teshuva?

Isn’t teshuva considered an “effort of creation”?

Page 6: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

6 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

In order to answer this question (which will not happen until the end

of the ma’amar), the Rebbe first takes a broader look at the context of

this statement of the Midrash:

ענין יכול כמוני כו' שבמדרש הנ"ל בא בהמשך למ"ש שם והנה( בוהיית רק למעלה יכול כמוני כו' גדולתי למעלה 6לפנ"ז עה"פ מגדולתכם.

The statement of the Midrash “You might think that you are able to

be holy to the same extent that I am holy, etc.” is a continuation of

the Midrash’s previous explanation; the entire section reads as

follows:

Rebbi Shimon ben Lakish said: There are two sections of the

Torah (which Moshe Rabbeinu wrote for us) whose meaning

we are able to interpret based on pesukim about the evil

Pharaoh.

One possuk says [regarding the reward that the Jewish people

will receive if they follow the Torah], “and you will only be at

the top, and you will not be at the bottom.” You might think

that you will be “at the very top” [where there isn’t anything

higher]; however, the word “only [at the top]” comes to

exclude “My greatness” [where there isn’t anything higher]

which is higher than “your greatness.”

We learn [the fact that the word “only” is a term which

excludes the highest level] from a statement of Pharaoh.

Pharaoh said [to Yosef], “You will be in charge of my house.”

This statement could have made Yosef think that this put him

on the same level as Pharaoh, which is why the possuk

clarified, “only by my throne will I be greater than you.” This is

“my [Pharaoh’s] greatness” which is greater than “your

[Yosef’s] greatness.” [From here we see that the word “only”

comes to exclude the attainment of the highest level.]

Page 7: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

7 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

The same is true [with the second possuk, which is the main

subject of this section of the Midrash]: The possuk says, “you

shall be holy.” You might think that you are able to be holy to

the same extent that I am holy. This is why the possuk

clarifies, “because I am holy” – My holiness is superior to your

holiness.

This can also be learned from a statement of the evil

Pharaoh: Pharaoh said, “I am Pharaoh [and besides you, no

one may lift his hand or his foot in the entire land of Egypt].”

Since Yosef could have potentially become so powerful that

he could have thought that he was on the same level as

Pharaoh, Pharaoh clarified that “I am Pharaoh [and you are

not, so therefore you are not as great as I am]. This is “my

[Pharaoh’s] greatness” which is superior to “your [Yosef’s]

greatness.”

From looking at the quote from the Midrash in a broader perspective,

we see that the concept of “My holiness which is superior to your

holiness” comes as a continuation to the discussion of “My greatness

which is superior to your greatness.”

Because they are brought in the Midrash as a continuation of each

other, we can apply what the Alter Rebbe says in Likkutei Torah to

both concepts:

שביכלתם ,וע"פ מ"ש בלקו"ת בענין קדושתי למעלה מקדושתכםשל ישראל להמשיך גם בחינת קדושתי שלמעלה מקדושתכם אלא

יא ע"י עבודה נעלית יותר )עבודת התשובה שהמשכת קדושה זו השעד"ז הוא גם בנוגע ,צריך לומר ,( שלמעלה מהעבודה דתומ"צ

שביכלתם של ישראל ,( לשתי הדרגות דגדולה )גדולתי וגדולתכם אלא שלזה צריך עבודה נעלית יותר. ,להמשיך גם בחינת גדולתי

In the ma’amar from Likkutei Torah which we quoted above, the Alter

Rebbe explains that a Jew is able to draw down the level of G-dliness

Page 8: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

8 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

referred to as “My holiness which is superior to your holiness”

through a higher level of serving Hashem; the service of teshuva,

which is superior to the service of mitzvos.

Applying this to the concept of “My greatness which is superior to

your greatness,” we can also conclude that a Jew is able to reach the

higher level of “My greatness,” but it demands a higher level of

service.

The Rebbe now compares the concepts of “holiness” and “greatness”:

דקדושה היא למעלה מגדולה. דגדולה הו"ע ההתפשטות ,ולהוסיףוגם להביאור שגדולה 8.שלכן נקראת החסד בשם גדולה] 7והגילוי

אלא ,( ענין הגדולה היא חסד )התפשטות ,היא למעלה ממדת החסדוההתפשטות שמצד הגדולה היא בלי ,החסד ממדת שהיא למעלה

שמובדל 10הוא העצם ( וקדושה )מלשון קדושה והבדלה [9גבול .7מענין ההתפשטות והגילוי

The concept of “holiness” is superior to the concept of “greatness,” as

“greatness” represents the concept of expression and revelation,

while “holiness” (implying “separateness”) represents the essence

which is higher than expression and revelation.

[Parenthetically, the Rebbe explains that the sefirah of chesed is

referred to as “greatness” because chesed represents an outward

expression of giving to someone else. Even according to the

explanations that the term “greatness” refers to a level which is

higher than chesed, it still represents the concept of external

expression and revelation – just on a more unlimited level than the

limited sefirah of chesed.]

Based on the fact that “holiness” is superior to “greatness,” we can

conclude which type of service of Hashem is required to draw down

“My greatness”:

Page 9: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

9 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

שגם המשכת בחינת גדולתי שלמעלה מגדולתכם ,ועפ"ז יש לומראלא שבעבודת הצדיקים עצמה היא ]היא ע"י עבודת הצדיקים

דת התשובה דוקא הוא בשביל וזה שצריך לעבו ,[עבודה נעלית יותר .המשכת בחינת קדושתי

The Alter Rebbe explained that teshuva is required in order to reach

the level of “My holiness,” but since “holiness” is superior to

“greatness,” we can conclude that teshuva is not necessary in order to

reach the level of “My greatness.” Therefore, the service of the

performance of mitzvos – which is known as “the service of tzadikim”

– is sufficient to reach the level of “my greatness.” [Note, however,

that the standard performance of mitzvos only reaches the level of

“your greatness,” so a higher level of performance of mitzvos is

required to reach “My greatness.”]

In order to explain why the “service of tzadikim” (serving Hashem

through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva”

reaches “My holiness,” the Rebbe connects this to a possuk in

Yeshayah:

And those who suffered [alt: those humble

ones] will increase their joy in Hashem, and

the impoverished people will rejoice in the

Holy One of Israel.

י י וים ב פו ענ ס י ום ד י א יונ אב ה ו ח מ ש

גילו ל י א ר דוש יש ק :ב

ויספו ענוים בהוי' שמחה ואביוני אדם 11לבאר זה ע"פ מ"ש ויש (גדיספו ענוים בהוי' שמחה 12ומבואר בלקו"ת ,בקדוש ישראל יגילו

שע"י הענוה והביטול שלהם הם מוסיפים ,קאי על עבודת הצדיקיםואביוני אדם הם ,ועי"ז נמשך הגילוי דהוי' למטה ,שמחה בשם הוי'

ולכן נקראים הבעלי ,הבעלי תשובה ]דתורה ומצוות נק' בשם אדםתשובה בשם אביוני אדם כי הם אביונים מבחינת אדם דתורה

שקדוש ומובדל ,שהם מגיעים בבחינת קדוש ישראל ,[ומצוות למעלה מהוי'. ,מבחינת ישראל דלעילא

Page 10: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

10 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

In Likkutei Torah, the Alter Rebbe explains that “those humble ones

will increase their joy in Hashem” refers to the service of tzadikim.

Instead of reading the possuk to say that their “joy in Hashem”

increases, the Alter Rebbe interprets the possuk to read, “and the

humble ones [the tzadikim] will increase the joy of the name Havayah”

[through their service of Hashem with humility and bittul]. This will

then cause an additional revelation of the name Havayah in the lower

worlds.

The Alter Rebbe continues to explain that “the impoverished people

(evyonei adam) will rejoice in the Holy One of Israel” refers to the

ba’alei teshuva, as the word adam (“people”) refers to the structure of

Torah and mitzvos, and a ba’al teshuva is “impoverished” regarding

his performance of Torah and mitzvos (he had the opportunity to do

teshuva because his performance of Torah and mitzvos has been

“poor” (lacking) in the past). The possuk implies that the ba’alei

teshuva are able to reach the level of “the Holy One of Israel,” which

refers to the level which is “separate (holy) from” the spiritual level of

“Israel” (which refers to the name Havayah) – a level which is beyond

the name Havayah.

The Rebbe explains how these two terms are connected to the levels

of “My greatness” and “My holiness” explained above:

שהוספת השמחה בהוי' שעי"ז מיתוסף בההמשכה והגילוי ,ויש לומרתכם. שהגדולה שלו הוא המשכת בחינת גדולתי שלמעלה מגדול

היא גדולה השייכת ,כמו שהוא מצד עצמו 13'דהוי ()ההתפשטותאלא שיש גבול בההתפשטות והגילוי ,כםגדולת ,לעולמות ונבראים

וענין ויספו גו' בהוי' הוא שנמשכת בו הגדולה דאוא"ס שלו.שלמעלה משייכות לעולמות, גדולתי, ועי"ז מיתוסף גם בההתפשטות והגילוי דהוי'. דהמשכה זו היא ע"י עבודת הצדיקים,

המשכת בחינת 14ישראל יגילו הוא בקדוש ענוים. וענין ואביוני אדם .קדושתי )שלמעלה מקדושתכם( ע"י התשובה

Page 11: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

11 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

The fact that the tzadikim “increase the joy of the name Havayah” –

which therefore increases the revelation of the name Havayah in the

lower worlds – refers to the revelation of “My greatness (which is

superior to your greatness).”

As explained above, “greatness” represents external expression and

revelation. On its own, the external expression of the name Havayah

is connected to the limited creation (as the name “Havayah” implies

that it is part of the creation process), which represents “your

greatness.”

The service of the “humble ones” (tzadikim) “increases the joy of the

name Havayah,” drawing into it the infinite “greatness” (infinite power

of expression) of the ohr ein sof, which is beyond the limited world.

This represents a revelation of “My greatness,” which also enhances

the external expression and revelation of the name Havayah within

the limited world.

The service of the “impoverished people” – the ba’alei teshuva –

causes the “Holy One of Israel” to “rejoice.” This represents a

revelation of the level of “My holiness” (which is superior to “your

holiness”) through the service of teshuva.

In order to understand the unique roles that ba’alei teshuva and

tzadikim play within creation, and to (eventually) understand how the

service of a limited creation (a Jew) is able to access the level of “My

holiness” through teshuva, the Rebbe first connects this to the

relationship between Yosef and his brothers:

,מי יתנך כאח לי יונק משדי אמי גו' 16מ"ש 15זה בהקדים ויובן (דשתבוא לנחמני כדרך שעשה יוסף ,מי יתנך כאח לי ,17ופירש רש"י

איתא, באי 19ובמדרש וינחם אותם. 18לאחיו שגמלוהו רעה ונאמר בו זה אח כו' הוי אומר כיוסף לבנימין.

Page 12: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

12 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Rashi comments that in the following possuk from Shir HaShirim, the

Jews ask Hashem to comfort them like Yosef comforted his brothers,

telling them not to feel bad that they threw him in a pit and then sold

him to passing merchants (which led to his descent into Egypt):

I wish that you [allegorically referring to

Hashem] were like my brother who nursed

from my mother [and comforted me like

Yosef did to his brothers who had acted

wickedly towards him]! I would find you

[Your nevi’im] outside, I would kiss you,

and they would not despise me.

ק ח לי יונ א ך כ נ מי ית א צ י אמ י אמ ד חו ץ ש ך ב

בזו לי ם לא י ך ג ק :אש

However, unlike Rashi, the Midrash explains that this possuk is

specifically referring to how Yosef comforted Benyomin (his only

brother from the same mother – Rochel Imeinu).

The Tzemach Tzedek explains why the Midrash explains this possuk

to specifically refer to how Yosef comforted Benyomin:

דהטעם על זה שאנו מבקשים מהקב"ה )לפירוש ,20ומבאר הצ"צ]אף שהנהגת 21שיהי' לנו כיוסף לבנימין ולא כיוסף לאחיו ( המדרש

יוסף לאחיו הוא רבותא טפי דהגם שלא נהגו עמו כראוי מ"מ גמל כי הנהגת יוסף לאחיו היתה שבתחלה ,הוא ,[להם טובות גדולותשעי"ז יתכפר להם העון שמכרוהו )ורק 22בכדי ,ציער יוסף את אחיומחוק ברחמיך הרבים 23וכיון שאנו מבקשים ,(אח"כ גמל להם טוב

לכן אומרים שהקב"ה יהי' לנו כיוסף לבנימין. ,אבל לא על ידי יסורים

Even though it would be greater to ask Hashem to act toward us like

Yosef did towards his brothers (who acted wickedly towards him), we

only ask Hashem to act towards us like Yosef did towards Benyomin

(who did not participate in the sale of Yosef). The Tzemach Tzedek

explains that this is because Yosef first made his brothers suffer (by

accusing them of being spies and putting them in jail) in order to help

them atone for the sin of selling him. Since we ask Hashem, “In Your

Page 13: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

13 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

great mercy, erase our sins – but not through suffering,” we

therefore ask Hashem to act towards us like Yosef did towards

Benyomin, who he didn’t make suffer.

However, this seems incompatible with the reality of our situation:

הרי הבקשה מי יתנך כאח לי היא דהגם שהנהגתינו ,וצריך להביןואיך שייך על זה ,היתה שלא כראוי מ"מ יהי' הקב"ה לנו כאח

.הדוגמא דכיוסף לבנימין

Question Two:

When the Jews say (in the possuk from Shir HaShirim), “I wish that You

[Hashem] were like my brother,” we’re asking for Hashem to be kind

to us even though we did not act properly towards Him. How can

we compare this to how Yosef acted towards Benyomin, who didn’t

do anything wrong?

The Rebbe now contrasts this with an explanation on the same

possuk from Likkutei Torah:

דמי יתנך כאח לי גו' ,24מבואר בלקו"ת ד"ה מי יתנך כאח לי והנה בחוץ גו' קאי על בעלי תשובה. 16ואמצאך ,קאי על צדיקים

In Likkutei Torah, the Alter Rebbe explains that this possuk is referring

to two different types of Jews:

“I wish that you [You, Hashem] were like my brother” is said

by the tzadikim, who reveal G-dliness in the limited world,

making this world a “brother” (where G-dliness is equally

revealed in comparison) to the higher worlds.

“I would find you [You, Hashem] outside” is said by the ba’alei

teshuva, who are motivated to connect to Hashem because

they are “outside of” [don’t experience] revealed G-dliness

and yearn to connect to Him.

Page 14: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

14 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Does this explanation of the possuk correspond to the explanation of

Rashi (Yosef to his brothers) or to the explanation of the Midrash

(Yosef to Benyomin)?

ולכאורה יש לומר, דמ"ש בלקו"ת שמי יתנך כאח לי קאי על צדיקים הוא לפירוש המדרש שכאח לי הוא כיוסף לבנימין, משא"כ לפירוש רש"י שכאח לי הוא כיוסף לאחיו, גם התחלת הכתוב מדבר בבעלי

25.תשובה

Seemingly, since the Alter Rebbe explained that the words “I wish

that you were my brother” refers to tzadikim, we would conclude that

this corresponds to the explanation of the Midrash, as Benyomin was

a “tzaddik” (didn’t do anything wrong to Yosef). In contrast, Rashi

explains that these words refer to all of Yosef’s brothers (who were

“not tzadikim”), which would seemingly imply that the first half of the

possuk also refers to ba’alei teshuva.

However, this explanation doesn’t fit with the way that the Tzemach

Tzedek explained the Midrash:

אבל לפי המובא לעיל מהצ"צ דזה שהמדרש מפרש כיוסף לבנימין הוא כי הבקשה היא שהקב"ה ימחוק את ( )ולא כיוסף לאחיו

לפירוש המדרש שגם ,מובן לכאורה ,עוונותינו שלא ע"י יסוריםובלקו"ת מפרש שמי יתנך כאח לי קאי ,מדבר הכתוב בבעלי תשובה

.על צדיקים

The Tzemach Tzedek explained that the Midrash states that “I wish

you were my brother” refers to how Yosef had mercy on Benyomin

because it parallels the Jews’ request to Hashem. Before forgiving all

of his brothers, Yosef first made them suffer (by accusing them of

being spies and putting them in jail) in order to help them atone for

the sin of selling him. Since we ask Hashem, “In Your great mercy,

erase our sins – but not through suffering,” we therefore ask Hashem

to act towards us like Yosef did towards Benyomin, who he didn’t

make suffer.

Page 15: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

15 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

Based on this, we see that the Midrash explains the entire possuk to

refer to ba’alei teshuva:

“I wish you were like my brother” refers to how the ba’alei

teshuva ask Hashem to forgive their sins without suffering,

just like Yosef didn’t make Benyomin suffer.

“I would find you [You, Hashem] outside” also refers to ba’alei

teshuva, based on the explanation from the Alter Rebbe,

above.

Question Three:

Since all the explanations on a possuk are connected to each other,

how do we explain the connection between the fact that the Tzemach

Tzedek says that (the first half of) this possuk refers to ba’alei teshuva

and the Alter Rebbe says that it refers to tzadikim?

[Editor’s note: This question is especially strong considering the

earlier explanation that tzadikim and ba’alei teshuva accomplish

different spiritual goals – one brings about the revelation of G-

dliness, while the other reaches Hashem’s essence.]

In order to explain these questions, the Rebbe takes a step back to

explain the ultimate purpose of Yosef’s descent into Mitzrayim:

בירידת יוסף למצרים היתה (דהכוונה )למעלה 26ידוע והנה (הוילקט יוסף ,בכדי שילקט את כל ניצוצות הקדושה שהיו במצרים

ועי"ז יוקל להם הגלות. דזה ,27בארץ מצרים את כל הכסף הנמצא ,הוא בחיצוניות ,שירידת יוסף למצרים היתה הסיבה לגלות מצרים

שע"י ירידת יוסף למצרים הוקל הגלות. ,אבל בפנימיות הוא אדרבה

Chassidus explains that the true purpose of Yosef’s descent into

Mitzrayim was to collect all the “sparks of G-dliness” and perform the

Page 16: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

16 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

first step of refinement. This is why it says that “Yosef collected all

the money which was found in Mitzrayim” (in exchange for the food

that he had stored to survive during the years of famine) – the

“money” represents the “sparks of G-dliness” which needed to be

refined.

Since the entire purpose of galus is to collect and refine the sparks of

G-dliness within the physical world, the difficulty of galus Mitzrayim

was reduced due to the fact that Yosef “arrived early” to start the

refinement of the sparks that the Jews would later refine when they

arrived there.

Even though from a superficial perspective the sale of Yosef caused

the Jews’ galus in Mitzrayim (Ya’akov’s entire family moved to

Mitzrayim during the famine because Yosef invited them to come,

which enabled Pharaoh to enslave the Jews there), the ultimate

intention was the exact opposite – the “early arrival” of Yosef actually

eased the pain of the upcoming galus.

Where do we see (practically) that Yosef’s arrival eased the pain of

galus?

וע"י שירד יוסף ,28שהגזירה היתה שיהיו בגלות ארבע מאות שנה)כי ע"י שיוסף בירר את 29ת מצרים רק רד"ו שנהלמצרים היו בגלו

הניצוצות שהיו במצרים לפני שירדו בני ישראל למצרים לא הוצרכו 30.שקושי השעבוד הי' רק פ"ו שנה ,ויתירה מזו ,(לברר כ"כ

As Hashem told Avraham, galus in Mitzrayim was supposed to last

four hundred years – but Yosef’s early arrival reduced the actual time

of galus to 210 years by getting a “head start” on the refinement of

the sparks in Mitzrayim. Furthermore, the Jews only experienced

harsh enslavement for 86 of those 210 years.

לא רק שלא הי' ,דזה שהשבטים מכרו את יוסף למצרים ,ומזה מובןה שיוסף ירד כן היתה הכוונה העליונ ,אלא אדרבה ,היפך הכוונה

Page 17: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

17 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

תחלה למצרים בכדי להקל את הגלות. אלא שכיון שהם לא ידעו .הכוונה לכן לגבם נחשב זה לחטא

From the fact that Yosef’s “early arrival” in Mitzrayim actually eased

the galus for the Jews, we can conclude that the brothers’ sale of

Yosef was not contrary to Hashem’s plan. Quite the opposite – we

see that Hashem’s plan was to send Yosef to Mitzrayim before all the

Jews arrived there in order to ease the pain of galus for them!

Nevertheless, since Yosef’s brothers weren’t aware that this was

Hashem’s plan (and their intentions were not good), therefore Yosef’s

sale is considered for them as a sin.

Until this point, we’ve explained how Hashem’s plan for Yosef’s

descent into Mitzrayim was in order to ease the suffering of the Jews

in galus. The Rebbe now expands this point to address the fact that

Yosef’s descent into Mitzrayim also caused the galus:

ענין הנ"ל ]דזה שהשבטים מכרו את יוסף ,שלכאורה ,ולהעירגם להביאור )כמו שהוא ,לכאורה ,הוא [למצרים היתה כפי הכוונה

ת יוסף למצרים היתה בכדי שעי"ז יהי' שהכוונה ביריד (בפשטות .[מעמק חברוןוישלחהו 32עה"פ 31]כדרשת חז"ל ,גלות מצרים

Just like we explained above that the fact that Yosef was sold in order

to ease the suffering of galus was part of Hashem’s plan, we can

also say that the fact that Yosef’s sale caused the galus was part of

Hashem’s plan.

[Parenthetically, the Rebbe points out that this is how the Sages

explain the possuk which says that Ya’akov “sent him [Yosef] from the

valley of Chevron” to go see how his brothers were doing in Shechem

(where his brothers would later throw him into a pit and sell him to

passing merchants going to Mitzrayim). Commenting on the words

“the valley of Chevron,” the sages point out that Chevron is not in a

valley, and instead explain that this phrase refers to “the deep

counsel [‘valley’] of the tzadik [Avraham] who is buried in Chevron.”

Page 18: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

18 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Avraham was told that his descendants would need to undergo a

period of suffering, and was given a choice between galus and

gehinnom. The fact that he chose galus (which happened through the

sale of Yosef) is the “deep counsel” referred to in this possuk. See Kli

Yakar on the possuk from footnote 32.)]

However, there is a difference between applying this to the fact that

Yosef’s sale eased the suffering of galus and applying this to the fact

that Yosef’s sale caused the galus:

ע"י שהשבטים מכרו את יוסף למצרים נעשה ,פי ביאור זהשל ,אלאענין בלתי רצוי. דהגם שהכוונה בגלות מצרים היתה בכדי ,הגלות

הגלות עצמו הוא ענין בלתי רצוי. ,מ"מ ,33שעי"ז יזכו לקבלת התורהזה ,משא"כ להביאור שע"י ירידת יוסף למצרים הוקל הגלות

את יוסף למצרים הוא ענין רצוי )והחטא ( שהשבטים מכרו )הורידו .(שלהם הי' רק מפני שלא זה היתה כוונתם

When we apply this principle to the fact that Yosef’s sale caused galus

Mitzrayim, it implies that the sale itself was an undesirable event.

(Even though the ultimate purpose of galus Mitzrayim was to

prepare the Jews to receive the Torah (a desirable outcome), the

galus itself is an undesirable thing.)

However, when we apply this principle to the fact that Yosef’s sale

eased the suffering of galus, it implies a desirable outcome.

Therefore, it seems reasonable to say that the brothers’ sin of selling

Yosef was essentially a “desirable act,” as it was a direct part of

Hashem’s plan. (The brothers were punished because this wasn’t

their intention at the moment of the sale, but it doesn’t change the

fact that the essential sale was “desirable.”)

This difference between the two applications of this principle

explains a statement of Yosef to his brothers:

But now do not be sad, and let it not הו ת ל| ע בו א צ ע ל ת א ו

Page 19: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

19 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

trouble you that you sold me here, for it

was to preserve life that Hashem sent me

before you [to Mitzrayim].

ר יכם יח ינ ע י ב ם כ ת ר כ מה אתי נ י ה ה כ י מח ל

ני אלקים ח ל יכם: ש נ לפ

ועתה אל תעצבו ואל 34ועפ"ז יש לבאר מה שאמר יוסף להשבטים ,יחר בעיניכם כי מכרתם אותי הנה כי למחי' שלחני אלקים לפניכם

הם ע"פ ( הרי כל החטאים )הגם שהם היפך רצון העליון ,דלכאורהכיון שעשיית החטא של ,ואעפ"כ ,35'ההשגחה העליונה וע"פ רצונו ית

שההשגחה העליונה 36האדם היא בבחירתו החפשית ]וכמבואר בכ"מנמצא ,[אינה בסתירה לענין הבחירה ( )בנוגע להענינים דתומ"צ

ת עצמו ולפיכך ראוי לו לבכות ולקונן שהאדם החוטא הוא הפסיד א ולמה אמר יוסף לאחיו אל תעצבו ואל יחר בעיניכם גו'. ,37על חטאיו

Every event that happens in creation is part of Hashem’s plan – even

when a person does something that he’s not supposed to (a sin).

However, the fact that Hashem knows what a person will choose

doesn’t affect the person’s free choice. [Editor’s note: This is an

extensive topic which is dealt with in other sources.] Therefore, when

a person chooses to sin, he is responsible for the damage he has

caused and needs to feel remorse and regret for his mistake.

[All sins – even if we must retroactively say that they must have been

part of Hashem’s plan – are against Hashem’s will which He has

communicated to us through the Torah. This concept is known as

“Hashem’s intentional actions which contradict His [stated] will” is

explained elsewhere in Chassidus.]

If a person needs to feel remorse and regret for his mistake, why did

Yosef say to his brothers “do not be sad, and let it not trouble you

that you sold me here”? If they sinned – even if the sin (like every

event in creation) is part of Hashem’s plan – they are responsible for

the damage and need to do feel bad about the events that they

caused!

The Rebbe explains how the sale of Yosef is different from other sins:

Page 20: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

20 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

הענינים שהאדם עשה הם ,החטאים דבכל ,ויש לומר הביאור בזההיפך רצון העליון. דהגם שמזה שגם החטאים ,דברים בלתי רצויים

הרי הכוונה ,הם ע"פ ההשגחה העליונה מוכרח לומר שיש בהם כוונההיא לא בהחטאים עצמם ח"ו אלא בזה שע"י החטאים יבוא אח"כ

ולכן צריך ,אבל החטאים עצמם הם היפך רצון העליון ,לתשובה לבכות ולקונן עליהם.

When a person sins, even though this event is part of Hashem’s plan,

Hashem doesn’t desire the sin itself, G-d forbid. The sin itself is an

undesirable thing which Hashem doesn’t want, and therefore the

person needs to feel bad about it. This remorse accomplishes

Hashem’s ultimate goal for the sin – the ability for the Jew to do

teshuva and connect to Him in an even deeper way than he could

have otherwise.

However, the sin of selling Yosef was different:

כיון שהכוונה בזה היא ,אבל זה שהשבטים מכרו את יוסף למצריםבהירידה ( אלא שהכוונה היא ,)לא בכדי שיעשו תשובה על זה

שלחני אלקים לפניכם ]ובפרט להמובא לעיל שע"י 'למחי ,עצמהדיש לומר שענין זה מרומז ,ירידת יוסף למצרים הוקל הגלות

וישלחני אלקים לפניכם לשום לכם 38בהמשך דברי יוסף בכתוב .לכן אל תעצבו גו' כי מכרתם אותי הנה ,[שארית בארץ גו'

As explained in the previous paragraph, Hashem doesn’t desire the

“event” of the sin itself; rather, the sin is just an (undesired) step in

the process of reaching the ultimate goal – teshuva. However, in the

case of Yosef’s sale, Hashem did desire the event itself in order to

bring Yosef down to Mitzrayim to ease the suffering for the Jews (who

were destined to come there in the future).

This is why Yosef told his brothers “do not be sad, and let it not

trouble you that you sold me here, for it was to preserve life [to

provide you with food during the famine] that Hashem sent me

before you.” In other words, he was telling them, “Don’t think that

your sin is like other sins – Hashem actually wanted you to sell me –

Page 21: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

21 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

so you don’t need to feel that you caused something negative to

happen!”

[The fact that Yosef would ease the suffering of the future galus is

hinted to in the following pesukim: “And Hashem sent me before you

to make for you a remnant in the land, and to preserve [it] for you for

a great deliverance [and ease the suffering of galus in the future].”]

However, it would seem that there is another reason why the

brothers would still need to feel bad about the events that they

caused:

דהגם שלמחי' שלחני אלקים לפניכם ,שעדיין מקום לומר אלאלא אתם 39לכן הוסיף ,מ"מ בנוגע ליוסף עצמו הי' זה ענין בלתי רצוי

שלחתם אותי הנה כי האלקים וישימני לאב לפרעה גו' ומושל בכל שירידת יוסף למצרים היתה דבר רצוי גם בנוגע ליוסף. ,ארץ מצרים

Even though the sale itself was part of Hashem’s plan to help the

Jews in the future galus, it would seem that the brothers should still

feel bad about the fact that they made Yosef suffer through it. In

order to clarify this, Yosef continued (in the following possuk):

And now, you did not send me here –

rather, Hashem [did] – and He made me a

father to Pharaoh, a master over all his

household, and a ruler over the entire

land of Egypt.

ם ת ח ל ם ש ת ה לא א ת ע ואלקים י ה ה כ נ אתי העה ר פ ב ל א ני ל ימ ש י ול יתו ו מש ל ב כ דון ל א ל ו

ים ר ל ארץ מצ כ :ב

With this statement, Yosef clarified that the since this entire chain of

events was orchestrated by Hashem, it was therefore also personally

beneficial to him, so there was still no reason for them to feel bad

about the fact that these events had happened. [Editor’s note: The

brothers had already done teshuva for their negative intentions in

selling him. Here, Yosef clarified that they don’t need to continue to

Page 22: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

22 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

feed bad about the chain of events that they caused through those

negative intentions.]

The Rebbe adds a lesson we can learn from this in our everyday lives:

וכמבואר 40.שעד"ז הוא בכל הענינים שבין אדם לחבירו ,]ולהעיר האמת היא שמאת ,שגם כשאדם גומל לחבירו היפך הטוב 41בתניא

שהרי ,דמזה מובן שיהי' לו טובה מזה ,ויש להוסיף ,היתה זאת לו ’ה .[אלא שבמכירת יוסף הי' זה בגילוי 42.כל דעביד רחמנא לטב עביד

In reality, this same principle can be applied to any interpersonal sin

when someone harms another person, as the Alter Rebbe explains in

Tanya. Even though the one who caused harm is held liable for his

actions (as he did it with his own free choice), Hashem’s ultimate plan

was for this negative thing to happen to the one who was harmed

(and not just for the one who sinned to do teshuva). [Based on this

principle, the Alter Rebbe explains why one should not be angry even

when another person harms him, as it is obviously part of Hashem’s

plan.

In addition, since Hashem is good, and everything He does is good,

this momentary “harm” (like Yosef’s sale) is only a step in the process

to help the “victim” receive a greater benefit than he could have

otherwise. In the situation of Yosef this benefit was obvious (he was

in charge of the entire country of Mitzrayim), but it is just as true in

every situation – even if we don’t see it.

In the next section, the Rebbe will explain how the case of “Yosef and

his brothers” applies to our relationship with Hashem.

Page 23: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

23 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

Section Two

In the first section of the ma’amar, the Rebbe explained the following

points:

Commenting on the possuk “You shall be holy because I,

Hashem, your G-d, am holy,” the Midrash explains that we

cannot achieve a level of holiness which is comparable to

Hashem’s holiness. In Likkutei Torah, the Alter Rebbe

clarified that we can’t achieve this level of holiness through

the efforts of creation “from below to above,” but we can

achieve it through teshuva. This led us to our first question:

Isn’t teshuva also considered part of the “efforts of creation

from below to above”?

We then looked at this section of the Midrash from a broader

perspective, which showed that the section about “My

holiness which is superior to your holiness” is a continuation

of the previous statement, “My [Hashem’s] greatness is

superior to your greatness.” Based on the previous

explanation of the Alter Rebbe, we concluded that just as we

are able to reach “My holiness” through teshuva, we are able

to reach “My greatness” through (a higher level of) the service

of Torah and mitzvos (referred to as the “service of tzadikim”).

In order to understand the roles of the tzadikim and ba’alei

teshuva, we referenced the explanation of the Alter Rebbe on

the possuk, “And those who suffered [alt: those humble ones]

will increase their joy in Hashem, and the impoverished

people will rejoice in the Holy One of Israel.”

o “Those humble ones” refers to the tzadikim, who

“increase the joy [revelation] of the name Havayah” by

drawing into it the revelation of ohr ein sof which is

higher than creation. This corresponds to the level of

“My greatness” from the Midrash.

Page 24: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

24 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

o “The impoverished people” refers to the ba’alei

teshuva, who reach the essence of G-dliness (referred

to as “the Holy One of Israel”). This corresponds to

the level of “My holiness” from the Midrash.

In order to gain a deeper understanding of the unique roles

of the tzadikim and the ba’alei teshuva, we connected this

concept to the relationship between Yosef and his brothers.

o Rashi explains that the possuk “I wish that you were

like my brother” metaphorically refers to the Jews’

request to Hashem to be like their brother.

Specifically, Rashi says that we want Hashem to treat

us “like Yosef treated his brothers.” However, the

Midrash says that we want Hashem to treat us “like

Yosef treated Benyomin.”

o The Tzemach Tzedek explains that the Midrash says

this because we ask Hashem to “erase our sins – but

not through suffering,” just like Yosef didn’t make

Benyomin suffer.

o This led us to our second question: If we haven’t

always acted properly toward Hashem, how can we

compare ourselves to Benyomin, who didn’t do

anything wrong?

o Additionally, we noted that the Alter Rebbe and the

Tzemach Tzedek explain this possuk differently: The

Alter Rebbe explains that “I wish you were like my

brother” refers to tzadikim, while the Tzemach Tzedek

explains that it refers to ba’alei teshuva. This led us to

our third question: If all explanations on the same

possuk are connected, how can we connect these two

different explanations?

Page 25: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

25 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

In order to answer these questions, the Rebbe explained the

purpose of Yosef’s descent into Mitzrayim. Although his

brothers sinned by selling him to passing merchants, Hashem

orchestrated these events in order to help Yosef’s family

survive the famine and to begin the refinement of the “sparks

of G-dliness” within Mitzrayim. This decreased the duration

and intensity of the Jews’ galus in Mitzrayim. Therefore, even

though his brothers needed to do teshuva for their bad

intentions, they didn’t cause an “undesired” chain of events

to take place.

The Rebbe explains how the case of “Yosef and his brothers” applies

to our relationship with Hashem:

יש ,הדיוק בתכלית הם שבתורה הענינים שכל הידוע ע"פ והנה ( ו לאחיו יוסף שעשה כדרך לי כאח יתנך מי מבקשים שאנו דזה ,לומר

כי ,הוא ,[גדולות טובות להם גמל מ"מ רצוי בלתי דבר שעשו ]דהגם השבטים שעשו הענין דוגמת הוא עושה שאדם רצוי בלתי דבר כל

,למצרים אותו שמכרו ליוסף

Everything that the Torah says is carefully worded to communicate a

specific message. Therefore, we can conclude that we ask Hashem

“to act toward us like Yosef acted toward his brothers” (that even

though we’ve done things wrong, please give us only good in return

[which follows the explanation of Rashi]) because our sins are

comparable to the brothers’ sale of Yosef (as will be explained

below).

גרמנו טובים הלא מעשינו שע"י דהגם ,היא לי כאח יתנך מי והבקשה יגמול מ"מ ( )כדלקמן למצרים יוסף מכירת שבדוגמת ענין להקב"ה

לאחיו. יוסף שעשה כדרך טובות לנו

Page 26: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

26 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Therefore, we ask Hashem “I wish that You were like my brother”

because we’re asking Him to react our our sins (which are

comparable to the sale of Yosef) just like Yosef reacted to his

brothers when they sold him, repaying them with nothing but good.

The Rebbe explains how we can compare our sins to the brothers’

sale of Yosef:

הבהמית ונפש בגוף והתלבשותה למטה הנשמה דירידת ,הוא והענין הגוף 44ובמאסר בשבי' היא שהנשמה ,מזה ויתירה ,43ממש גלות היא

ונה"ב.

From the soul’s perspective, the descent into this world is truly like

being sent into exile. Just as a person in exile is “disconnected” from

their familiar homeland, even the soul of the greatest tzadik can’t

experience a connection to G-dliness in this world which could

compare to the connection he had before descending into a physical

body.

Furthermore, the soul is “imprisoned” within the confines of the body

and animal soul, which is comparable to the “hard labor” and

“disgusting conditions” that someone is subjected to in jail.

In order to understand why the soul is “willing” to endure this

suffering, we explain the purpose of the soul’s descent into this

world:

הגוף את ולזכך לברר בכדי היא למטה הנשמה בירידת והכוונה שע"י בכדי וגם לאלקות כלים ולעשותם בעולם וחלקו והנה"ב שהיתה מכמו יותר נעלית למדריגה תתעלה למטה הנשמה עבודת

ירידתה. קודם

The purpose of the soul’s descent into this “exile” and “prison” is

twofold:

Page 27: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

27 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

1. The soul refines and purifies his body, animal soul, and

portion of the world that he comes in contact with by using

them to perform Torah and mitzvos.

2. By refining the world, the soul reaches a higher level than it

attained before it descended into the physical world.

This helps us understand that the soul’s experience in the physical

world is dependent on its progress towards this goal:

הצער ,עבודתו את עובד אינו שהאדם 45רגע דכל ,מובן ומזה ללא הם ,ונה"ב הגוף ובמאסר בגלות שהיא מזה דהנשמה והיסורים

הכוונה נשלמת שעי"ז כיון ,ה' את עובד שהאדם דבשעה תכלית. הגוף וזיכוך ]בירור הנ"ל ענינים לשני בנוגע למטה הנשמה דירידת

מזה דהנשמה התענוג הרי ,[דהנשמה והעלי' בעולם וחלקו ונה"ב נשלמת שעי"ז הגוף את ולזכך לברר הקב"ה רצון משלמת שהיא

הוא למטה עבודתה ע"י שלה מהעלי' וכן בתחתונים דדירה הכוונה מהירידה. שלה היסורים כל כדאי זה שבשביל ,ביותר גדול תענוג

בהרגעים ]ומכש"כ עבודתו עובד אינו שהאדם אלה ברגעים אבל ובמאסר בגלות היא שהנשמה זה[, רצויים בלתי ענינים עושה שהוא תכלית. ללא הם, מזה לה שיש והיסורים והצער, ונה"ב בהגוף

When a Jew is making progress towards these goals – accomplishing

Hashem’s ultimate goal of dirah b’tachtonim (transforming the

physical world into a place where Hashem “feels at home”) and

personally reaching a higher spiritual level – the soul experiences

such tremendous pleasure that it makes all the pain and suffering

“worth it.”

However, if a Jew is not making progress towards these goals, the

soul is undergoing the tremendous pain of being in “exile” and

“prison” without acheiving any gain. (If this is true when the Jew is

not “progressing,” how much more so is it true if the Jew is actively

working against the goal!)

Page 28: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

28 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Based on this we can understand how any sin (or even a lack of

progress) is comparable to the brothers’ sin of selling Yosef:

והצער הגלות הרי ,46ממש ממעל אלוקה חלק היא שהנשמה וכיון בלתי הנהגה שע"י וזהו 47.דהשכינה וצער גלות( )גם הוא דהנשמה

עובר כשאינו גם ,שליחותו ממלא שאינו זה גם )כולל האדם של רצוי' ,ליוסף השבטים שעשו מה ע"ד להקב"ה כביכול עושה הוא ( עבירה .במאסר גם שהי' אח"כ גרם וזה לעבד אותו שמכרו

Since the G-dly soul is “literally a ‘part’ of Hashem,” the exile and the

pain of the soul is also the exile and pain of Hashem. Therefore,

when a Jew is working against this goal (or simply not making

progress towards it), the Jew is doing to Hashem exactly the same

thing that Yosef’s brothers did to him – sending Him into “exile” and

ultimately into “jail”!

The Rebbe takes this comparison one step further:

אשמים 48נאמר ליוסף השבטים מעשה שבנוגע ,בזה ענין ועוד עליו ריחמו שלא דזה ,גו' שמענו ולא אלינו בהתחננו גו' אנחנו

עד"ז ,49עצמה מהמכירה יותר גדולה אשמה היא אליהם בהתחננו אותם שיוציא להאדם מתחננים []והשכינה שהנשמה ,בהנמשל הוא

)בענין הוא תחינתם לקול שומע אינו וכשהאדם ,והמאסר מהגלות .עצמה רצוי' הבלתי מההנהגה יותר גרוע ( זה

After Yosef accused his brothers of being spies (at which point they

hadn’t yet found out that he was their brother), they said to each

other, “In truth, we are guilty for [what we did to] our brother, that we

witnessed the distress of his soul when he begged us [to have mercy

on him] and we did not listen.” The Ramban explains that not

listening to him when he begged for mercy was an even greater sin

than selling him!

The same is true regarding a Jew’s relationship with Hashem: The

soul – and Hashem – beg the Jew to take them out of their exile and

Page 29: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

29 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

prison (with thoughts of teshuva). If a Jew doesn’t listen and “have

mercy” on them, this is even worse (in this aspect) than the sin itself!

We are now able to understand why the possuk (according to Rashi)

describes the Jews asking Hashem to act towards them like Yosef did

toward his brothers:

ענינים דכמה ,לאחיו יוסף שעשה כדרך ,לי כאח יתנך מי וזהו ( ז בזה.

The Rebbe points out four reasons why we ask Hashem to act

towards us like Yosef did to his brothers:

במיטב אחוזה להם נתן וגם 50טפם ואת אחיו את כלכל שיוסף דכמו לנו יתן מ"מ לפניו שחטאנו דהגם מהקב"ה מבקשים אנו כן ,51הארץ

טוב. כל

Reason One:

Just like Yosef supported his brothers and their families during the

famine and gave them the best land in Mitzrayim to settle on, so too

we ask Hashem to give us only good things even though we have

sinned.

לעבד אותו שמכרו זה על אחיו על בלבו טינא הי' לא שיוסף וכמו טינא לו הי' לא בלבו גם ,טובות להם גמל שבפועל לזה ]דנוסף ( ד )סעיף לעיל ]וכמובא עוונם שיתכפר השתדל ואדרבא [עליהם

מבקשים אנו כן ,[עוונם יתמרק שעי"ז בכדי הוא אותם שציער דזה עונותינו. כל על לנו שימחול מהקב"ה

Reason Two:

In addition to the fact that Yosef acted kindly towards his brothers,

he also didn’t harbor any negative feelings in his heart against them

for selling him into slavery. On the contrary – he only orchestrated

their suffering (putting them in jail, forcing them to bring Benyomin

Page 30: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

30 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

to Mitzrayim, and blaming them for the theft of his silver goblet) in

order to give them the opportunity to do teshuva and cleanse

themselves of their sin. So too, we ask Hashem to not “harbor any

bad feelings in His heart” and forgive us for all of our sins.

However, we ask Hashem to forgive us without making us suffer:

מבקשים ואנו ,צער להם שהי' ע"י היתה יוסף מכירת דעון שהכפרה ,הצ"צ וכמ"ש יסורים. ע"י שלא עונותינו את לנו יכפר שהקב"ה 52רז"ל שאמרו ע"ד והוא יסורים. בלי למחול יכול כל הוא שהקב"ה

הקב"ה שמצד לו. ויתכפר תשובה יעשה ואמר להקב"ה שאלו )ואפילו יסורים בלי הכפרה להיות אפשר מהשתלשלות שלמעלה

בלבד. תשובה ע"י אלא ( קרבן בלי

Whereas Yosef helped his brothers atone for their sin through

suffering, we ask Hashem to forgive our sins without making us

suffer. As the Tzemach Tzedek explains, even though the natural

process for atonement involves suffering, Hashem is capable of

doing anything He wants to, and can therefore forgive us without

making us suffer.

This is similar to what the Sages explained with the following

statement (mentioned in the Talmud Yerushalmi and Midrash):

They asked [the attribute of] wisdom: What is the punishment

of one who sins? Wisdom responded, “Evil will pursue the

sinners.” (Mishlei, 13:21)

They asked [the attribute of] prophecy: What is the

punishment of the one who sins? Prophecy responded, “The

soul that sins; it shall die.” (Yechezkel, 18:4)

Then they asked The Holy One, blessed be He: What is the

punishment [of the one who sins]? He responded, “Let him

do teshuva and he will achieve his atonement.”

Page 31: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

31 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

From here we see that since Hashem is above all limitation, it is

possible to achieve atonement through teshuva without experiencing

any suffering (or bringing a korban).

הוא אותם שציער ]דמהטעמים תשובה שיעשו השתדל שיוסף וכמו אשמים אבל אמרו אותם שציער שלאחר ,53תשובה שיעשו בכדי

אליו לשוב אותנו שיעורר מהקב"ה מבקשים אנו כן ,[גו' אנחנו .[יסורים י"ע שלא תהי' לתשובה ]ושההתעוררות

Reason Three:

Just like Yosef inspired his brothers to do teshuva (one of the reasons

why he made them suffer was in order to encourage them to do

teshuva – and he was successful), so too we ask Hashem that He

should inspire us to do teshuva (without making us suffer).

אותי מכרתם כי גו' תעצבו אל להם ואמר אחיו את ניחם שיוסף וכמו הכוונה להם וגילה שהודיע ,לפניכם אלקים שלחני למחי' כי הנה

רצון היפך זה שאין רק דלא ,למצרים אותו שמכרו בזה הפנימית הגלות יוקל שעי"ז בכדי העליון רצון הי' זה אדרבה אלא העליון

את לנו שימחול רק דלא ,מהקב"ה מבקשים אנו כן ,( ה סעיף )כנ"ל היא דהחטאים הפנימית שהכוונה שיתגלה מזה יתירה אלא עונותינו ,דהחטאים והתכלית הכוונה שמתגלית וע"י ,54דתשובה המעלה 55.לזכיות הם נהפכים

Reason Four:

Yosef comforted his brothers by telling them that all the events that

happened as a result of their sin were part of Hashem’s plan (he was

sent there to help them survive the famine and ease their suffering in

Mitzrayim). By revealing the “inner intent” of the sale itself, Yosef

enabled them to see that instead of being “against Hashem’s will,” the

sale of Yosef was actually part of Hashem’s ultimate plan.

So too, we ask Hashem (in addition to forgiving us for our sins) to

show us how the ultimate purpose of our sins was in order to enable

Page 32: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

32 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

us to reach a deeper connection to Him through teshuva. Through

this, the “sins are [retroactively] turned into merits,” as the sin itself

was what enabled the greater connection. (Note, however, that the

sale of Yosef itself was a “desirable” event which expressed the will of

Hashem, but any other sin is an “undesirable” event which is against

the will of Hashem, as explained in the previous section of the

ma’amar.)

[Editor’s note: Of course, this does not take away the severity of a

sin. The explicit direction of the Torah is that a Jew should not sin.

However, we must say that everything that happens in creation is

part of Hashem’s plan (as it’s impossible for the world to defy

Hashem’s plan), which means that a sin in the past must have been

part of Hashem’s plan.

Also note that the Alter Rebbe explains in Tanya that the

“transformation of sins into merits” requires a tremendously high

level of teshuva called “teshuva m’ahava rabba,” but here the Rebbe

explains that this can be done through any type of teshuva which is

not solely motivated by fear of punishment. See the footnotes for

additional detail.]

Having explained the advantage of teshuva in extensive detail, the

Rebbe now explains why the roles of both ba’alei teshuva and

tzadikim are critical to achieving the goal of creation:

מהעבודה יותר נעלית היא התשובה עבודת שבכלל אף והנה ( ח גמורין צדיקים אין עומדין תשובה שבעלי מקום שלכן ,דתומ"צ

עבודת ע"י נשלמת בתחתונים דדירה הכוונה מ"מ ,56בו לעמוד יכולין דוקא. הצדיקים

Generally speaking, the service of the ba’al teshuva reaches higher

than the service of the tzadik (as explained above that teshuva

Page 33: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

33 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

reaches Hashem’s essence while the “service of tzadikim” reaches the

highest levels of G-dly revelation). This is why the Rambam states

that “in the place where ba’alei teshuva stand, even complete tzadikim

are unable to stand.”

However, the ultimate goal of dirah b’tachtonim – the revelation of

Hashem’s essence in the physical world – can only be accomplished

by tzadikim.

This explains why the Bais HaMikdash was in the portion of the tribe

of Benyomin:

בנימין של בחלקו הי' שביהמ"ק זה על דהטעם 57רז"ל שאמרו וזהו הרי ,מובן אינו דלכאורה ,יוסף במכירת הי' לא בנימין כי הוא דוקא

שבעלי ובמקום ,יוסף את שמכרו זה על תשובה עשו השבטים נבנה ולמה ,בו לעמוד יכולין גמורין צדיקים אין עומדין תשובה דוקא. בנימין של בחלקו ביהמ"ק

The Midrash explains that the reason why the Bais HaMikdash was

built in the portion of Benyomin is because “he didn’t participate in

the sale of Yosef.” On the surface, this seems confusing: If the other

brothers did teshuva for their sin, and “in the place where ba’alei

teshuva stand, even complete tzadikim are unable to stand,” why was

the Bais HaMikdash built in Benyomin’s portion?

שע"י היא צדיקים על תשובה דבעלי שהמעלה, 58בחסידות ומבואר גילוי המשכת שתהי' בכדי אבל, יותר למעלה מגיעים התשובה

וכיון הצדיקים. עבודת ע"י הוא, בתחתונים דירה, למטה אלקות .בנימין של בחלקו הי' לכן, בתחתונים דירה הו"ע שביהמ"ק

Chassidus explains that while teshuva reaches a higher level than the

service of tzadikim, it is not able to achieve the revelation of G-dliness

in the lower world which tzadikim are able to accomplish. Therefore,

since the purpose of the Bais HaMikdash is to reveal G-dliness in the

physical world (a dirah b’tachtonim), therefore it was built in the

Page 34: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

34 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

portion of Benyomin (who was a tzadik and didn’t participate in the

sale of Yosef).

The Rebbe explains the relative advantages of tzadikim and ba’alei

teshuva:

שהם היא צדיקים לגבי תשובה הבעלי דמעלת ,הוא והענין שהם היא הצדיקים ומעלת ,דאתכפיא המעלה ,59יצרם את כובשים דאתהפכא. המעלה ,יצרם את מהפכים

The advantage of ba’alei teshuva is that they conquer their yetzer

hora, which is the quality of eskafia – doing something that’s against

your natural tendencies (the desire of the yetzer hora).

The advantage of the tzadikim, however is that they transform their

yetzer hora into something that desires G-dliness. This is the quality

of eshapcha – the transformation of “darkness” into “light.”

Just like the qualities of eskafia and eshapcha are different, so too the

effects of eskafia and eshapcha are different:

הוא אתכפיא שע"י ,60הוא ואתהפכא אתכפיא שבין ומהחילוקים אתכפיא כד 61]כמאמר מהשתלשלות שלמעלה אוא"ס המשכת

שהוא האור המשכת ,עלמין בכולהו דקוב"ה יקרא אסתלק סט"א הגילוי אבל ,[לעולמות משייכות שלמעלה אור ,בשוה עלמין בכולהו

]דמזה לזה כלי אינו שהתחתון באופן היא אתכפיא שע"י דההמשכה רצונו נגד עצמו את לכפות שצריך במצב הוא שהתחתון עצמו

כלי יהי' שהתחתון ובכדי ,[אלקות לגילוי כלי שאינו מובן ,וטבעו .דאתהפכא העבודה ע"י הוא להגילוי

Serving Hashem with eskafia draws down a revelation of the ohr ein

sof which is above the limits of creation. This is why the Zohar says

that, “When one does eskafia against the sitra achra, this draws down

a level of G-dliness which is ‘removed’ from [the differences between]

all the worlds” – and is therefore found in all of them equally.

Page 35: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

35 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

However, even though eskafia draws down a very high level of G-

dliness, the person himself isn’t on a high enough level to express

this holiness in a revealed way. We see this from the fact that he

needs to force himself to serve Hashem against his own will – which

shows that the person himself is not on the same spiritual level as

the task which he is performing, and therefore cannot fully reveal the

holiness of his actions.

However, when a person does eshapcha, he transforms himself to

actually desire this action – which therefore makes him able to

express the holiness that it reveals.

This explains why tzadikim, who perform the service of eshapcha, are

the ones who are responsible for revealing Hashem’s presence in

this world.

At first glance, this would only seem to apply to (literal) tzadikim who

have completely transformed themselves and are therefore able to

reveal G-dliness in the physical world through their actions.

However, this also applies to any Jew who does a mitzvah:

למטה ואפילו בינוני בדרגת כשהוא )גם אחד שכל 62הידוע וע"פ נק' המצוות כללות ]כי צדיק בשם נקרא מצוות שמקיים ( מבינוני

שם על צדיק בשם נקרא המצוות את המקיים ולכן ,63צדקה בשם רק לא הוא דאתהפכא שהענין ,לומר יש ,([62)מצוות הצדקה

בכלל. מצוות במקיימי גם אלא כפשוטם בצדיקים

The Alter Rebbe explains in Likkutei Torah that since all the mitzvos

are referred to by the term “tzedaka,” therefore every Jew (even if he

is only a benoni – or even lower) is called a “tzadik” (meaning “one

who performs tzedaka”) when he performs them. (Just like in the case

of physical tzedaka a Jew gives money to someone who is poor, so

too a Jew who does a mitzvah gives G-dliness to a physical world

which is “poor” in terms of G-dly revelation.)

Page 36: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

36 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Therefore, since tzadikim do eshapcha, and every Jew can be called a

tzadik when he performs a mitzvah, we can also say that every

mitzvah accomplishes eshapcha.

However, one could ask: How is it possible for someone who hasn’t

completely transformed himself to perform eshapcha?

מלשון )צירוף 64הבריות את בהן לצרף אלא המצוות ניתנו שלא דכיון הגוף של פרט נתברר מצוה מקיים כשאדם פעם ובכל( , וזיכוך בירור .אתהפכא, צדיק בחינת הוא כבר שנתברר זה לפרט בנוגע הרי, ונה"ב

The Midrash explains that mitzvos were given in order to “refine the

creation,” so every time a mitzvah is performed, one particular

aspect of the body and animal soul is refined and transformed into

the holiness of a tzadik – the service of eshapcha. Therefore, even if

the person in general is far from the level of tzaddik, he is still able to

reach the level of tzadik and perform eshapcha in this particular

area.

In the next section the Rebbe continues to explain the difference

between tzadikim and ba’alei teshuva by comparing it to the

difference between the months of Nissan and Iyar.

Page 37: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

37 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

Section Three

In the previous sections of the ma’amar the Rebbe explained the

following points:

The ma’amar is based on a Midrash which explains the

possuk, “You shall be holy because I, Hashem, your G-d, am

holy.” The Midrash explains that this possuk refers to “My

holiness which is superior to your holiness,” a level which

(according to the Alter Rebbe) can be reached through

teshuva. Additionally, the Midrash refers to “My greatness

which is superior to your greatness,” a level which can be

reached through the service of tzadikim.

Based on an explanation of the Alter Rebbe in Likkutei Torah,

we clarified the spiritual accomplishments of tzadikim and

ba’alei teshuva. While tzadikim reach the highest levels of G-

dly revelation (“My greatness”), ba’alei teshuva reach the

essence of G-dliness (“My holiness”).

To understand the unique roles of tzadikim and ba’alei

teshuva, we started an extensive analysis of a possuk in Shir

HaShirim in which the Jews say to Hashem, “I wish that You

were like my brother.”

o Based on various sources, we established that the

Jews are specifically asking Hashem to act towards us

“like Yosef acted towards his brothers.” The Midrash

further specifies that this refers to how Yosef acted

towards Benyomin, who (unlike his other brothers) he

didn’t make suffer.

o The Tzemach Tzedek explains that this possuk refers

to ba’alei teshuva, as we ask Hashem “to erase our

sins – but not through suffering (just like Yosef didn’t

make Benyomin suffer).” However, the Alter Rebbe

Page 38: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

38 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

says that this possuk refers to tzadikim, who draw

down G-dliness into this world so it becomes like a

“brother” to the spiritual world. How do we connect

these two opposite explanations?

In order to answer these questions, we explained how the

“sale of Yosef” applies to our relationship with Hashem:

o Even though the descent into the physical world

causes tremendous suffering for the soul, this “pain”

is “worth it” because the soul achieves the purpose of

creation and reaches a higher spiritual level through

its actions in the physical world. However, if the soul

isn’t working towards this purpose, it suffers the

“pain” of the physical world without the “gain” of the

ultimate achievement.

o Since the soul is “literally a ‘part’ of Hashem,” the exile

and pain of the soul is also the exile and pain of

Hashem. Therefore, we truly can compare the sale of

Yosef (which caused Yosef to be in jail and exile) to

the performance of a sin (which “sends Hashem into

jail and exile”).

o Just like a sin can be compared to the sale of Yosef, so

too we ask Hashem to respond just like Yosef did to

his brothers: giving us only good, completely forgiving

us for our actions (without making us suffer), inspiring

us to do teshuva, and showing us how our mistakes

are all part of Hashem’s plan to bring us closer to Him

through teshuva.

We then explained how tzadikim and ba’alei teshuva are

critical to achieving the goal of creation:

Page 39: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

39 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

o While ba’alei teshuva reach higher spiritual levels than

tzadikim, tzadikim are able to reveal G-dliness in the

lower world to a greater degree than ba’alei teshuva.

o This is because ba’alei teshuva serve Hashem with

eskafia, forcing themselves to serve Hashem beyond

their natural tendencies (and therefore reach a level

which is “beyond creation”), while tzadikim serve

Hashem with eshapcha, transforming themselves into

people who can fully express the holiness of the

actions that they perform.

However, this ability of eshapcha (and the associated

revelation of G-dliness in the physical world) is not limited to

Jews who have completely achieved the level of tzadik. Any

Jew who performs a mitzvah transforms a certain aspect of

his body and animal soul to the level of “tzadik,” and is

therefore able to reveal G-dliness in the physical world.

The Rebbe continues to explain how every Jew can achieve eshapcha

through a specific mitzvah by connecting this to the topic of Pesach

Sheni:

בואר בהמאמר ד"ה להבין ענין פסח שני לקשר זה עם המ 65ויש ( טדהחילוק בין פסח ראשון לפסח שני הוא בהתאם , 66()להצ"צ

שהעבודה דחודש ניסן, להחילוק שבין חודש ניסן לחודש אייר.היא העבודה דסור מרע, היינו שהרע הוא שענינו הוא יציאת מצרים,

בתקפו והעבודה היא להיות סור מרע, לצאת ולברוח מהרע, והעבודה דחודש אייר היא העבודה דאתהפכא. 67.אתכפיא

Page 40: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

40 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

In Ohr HaTorah, the Tzemach Tzedek explains that the difference

between Pesach Rishon and Pesach Sheni follows the overall

difference between their respective months: Nissan and Iyar.

Nissan has an overall theme of “leaving Mitzrayim.” The Jews didn’t

leave Mitzrayim because they had achieved a high spiritual level. On

the contrary, they needed to “flee” from Mitzrayim (even though they

were given full permission to leave) because they were still attracted

to the kelipah of Mitzrayim. Therefore, they needed to “flee from

themselves” to make sure that they left in the moment of inspiration.

(Just a few days later, the Jews were already suggesting that they

should return to Mitzrayim.) This corresponds to the service of

eskafia – serving Hashem against your own natural desires.

Iyar, on the other hand, represents the service of eshapcha, as will be

explained below.

באחד לחודש השני גו' לצאתם 69בפירוש הכתוב 68וכמבואר בלקו"ת ,חודש הראשון ,שעבודה הראשונה דיציאת מצרים ,מארץ מצרים

,ולאחרי זה באה עבודה שני' ביציאת מצרים ,היא אתכפיא סט"אהוא וזהו שענינו המיוחד של חודש אייר אתהפכא. ,חודש השני

,בירור המדות והפיכתם לקדושה 71שענינו הוא ,70ספירת העומר אתהפכא.

In Likkutei Torah, the Alter Rebbe explains the meaning of the

following possuk:

ר ב ד י י ו ה י אל משאהל י ב ר סינ ב מד ב חדש ד ל אח ד ב מוענית ש ה ה נ ש ני ב ש הים ר ארץ מצ ם מ את צ ל

אמר :ל

Hashem spoke to Moshe in the Sinai

Desert, in the Tent of Meeting on the first

day of the second month [Iyar], in the

second year after the exodus from the land

of Mitzrayim, saying.

Page 41: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

41 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

After the Jews spiritually “left Mitzrayim” (eskafia) they needed to

continue to the second level of serving Hashem (represented by the

second year of the second month) – the transformation of darkness

into light, eshapcha. This is why the entire month of Iyar has the

mitzvah of sefiras ha’omer (counting the omer), which represents the

refinement and transformation of the seven midos (emotions) into

holiness.

Based on this difference between Nissan and Iyar, the Tzemach

Tzedek explains a technical difference between Pesach Rishon and

Pesach Sheni:

הטעם על זה שבפסח ראשון חמץ אסור 72ועפ"ז מבאר בהמאמרכי בפסח ,73ובפסח שני חמץ ומצה עמו בבית בבל יראה ובל ימצא

שהמדות עדיין אינן מבוררות )והעבודה אז היא רק ,ראשוןובפסח שני ,בל יראה ובל ימצא –צריך ליזהר ביותר מהרע ,(אתכפיא

אפשר לברר לזכך ולהעלות ,( )אתהפכא 74שכבר יצא מהרע ,( )אייר גם את החמץ.

On Pesach Rishon, we are commanded to get rid of all of our chometz

so “it won’t be seen and won’t be found” in our possession. However,

on Pesach Sheni we are permitted to have both chometz and matzah

in our possession. This difference corresponds to the difference

between the months of Nissan and Iyar:

Because we have not yet refined ourselves in the month of

Nissan, the kelipah is still strong and we need to serve

Hashem with eskafia. Therefore, our main focus is avoiding

the kelipah – and “chometz” (representing kelipah and ego)

“can’t be seen and can’t be found.”

However, on Pesach Sheni (in Iyar) we have already “left

Mitzrayim” (are no longer connected to the kelipah), so we are

able to transform the “chometz” into holiness – the service of

eshapcha.

Page 42: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

42 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

This also explains the different “attitudes” that tzadikim and ba’alei

teshuva are supposed to have towards things which they’re not

allowed to do:

ובעלי תשובה ( שעד"ז הוא החילוק דצדיקים )אתהפכא ,ולהעיר]שצדיק צריך לומר אפשי ומה אעשה ואבי שבשמים גזר ,( )אתכפיא

שצריך לשמירה ,משא"כ בעל תשובה צריך לומר אי אפשי ,75עלי .[76יתירה

Tzadikim don’t need to have a personal distaste for sin. Rather, their

attitude should be, “Personally, I would like to do these things, but

what can I do? My Father in heaven has decreed that I can’t!” This

shows that they refrain from sin only for the sake of serving Hashem,

not because of their own personal preferences. On the other hand,

ba’alei teshuva need to feel a personal distaste for sin, and say, “I

have no desire to do these things.”

This difference in attitude is based on their attraction to kelipah:

Since tzadikim have already “left Mitzrayim” and don’t have

any attraction to the kelipah, it is “safe” for them to only

refrain from these things for Hashem’s sake.

Ba’alei teshuva, however, still have a strong desire for kelipah

inside them. If they would not have a strong personal

distaste for sin, it would be too difficult for them to fight their

attraction purely “for the sake of Heaven.”

Based on the connection between Pesach Sheni and eshapcha, we

now have a proof that even someone who has not reached the level

of tzadik (and even someone who hasn’t reached the level of benoni)

is also capable of performing eshapcha with regard to specific actions:

ומזה מוכח שהענין דאתהפכא הוא גם בנוגע לענין פרטי. שהרי פסח ,שני הוא באמצע ימי הספירה ונשארו עדיין מדות שצריך לבררם

כי בנוגע ,ומ"מ אומר בהמאמר שבפסח שני הוא הענין דאתהפכא

Page 43: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

43 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

,להמדות שנתבררו בהימים שלפני פסח שני כבר יצא מהרע .אתהפכא

Even though Pesach Sheni occurs in the middle of sefiras ha’omer

(while only some of the midos have been transformed), the Tzemach

Tzedek nevertheless explains that Pesach Sheni represents eshapcha.

Therefore, we must say that the concept of eshapcha is also

applicable even if a person’s transformation as a whole is not

complete.

Above, we explained that leaving Mitzrayim represents eskafia

because the kelipah within the Jews was not yet refined, while sefiras

ha’omer represents eshapcha because it represents the process of

transforming kelipah into holiness. The Rebbe now explains why

these two time periods have different effects on the kelipah:

באופן דאתכפיא וספירת הטעם על זה שיציאת מצרים היא 77והנהכי יציאת מצרים היתה מצד ,הוא ,העומר היא באופן דאתהפכא

והגילוי הנמשך מלמעלה )שלא ע"י עבודת ,אתערותא דלעילא ,וספירת העומר היא עבודת האדם ,אינו נמשך בפנימיות כ"כ ( האדם

והגילוי הנמשך מלמעלה ע"י עבודת האדם ,אתערותא דלתתא הוא בפנימיות. ["י אתערותא דלתתא]אתערותא דלעילא שע

When Hashem took the Jews out of Mitzrayim, this wasn’t something

that the Jews had “earned.” Rather, Hashem decided to take them

out because He wanted to, which is referred to as “an inspiration

from Above.” Therefore, since the Jews didn’t earn this revelation, it

didn’t fundamentally change who they were. In the language of

Chassidus, we say that this revelation didn’t “enter their pnimius.”

On the other hand, sefiras ha’omer is the time period when the Jews

counted the days in preparation for the Giving of the Torah, which

represents their own efforts to “earn” an “inspiration from Above”

through their “inspiration from below.” Since they worked on

themselves in order to accomplish this, they transformed themselves

Page 44: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

44 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

into worthy recipients of the resulting revelation from Above – it

“entered their pnimius.”

This advantage of sefiras ha’omer over leaving Mitzrayim is true

despite the fact that the revelation of leaving Mitzrayim was much

greater:

וא נעלה יותר מהגילוי שנמשך ע"י והגם שהגילוי שבא מלמעלה ה ,[78עבודת האדם ]כי הנברא בעבודתו יכול להגיע רק עד שרשו

שהגילוי שהי' ביציאת ,דכמו"כ הוא גם בנוגע ליצי"מ וספירת העומרהם מלך מלכי המלכים הקב"ה בכבודו מצרים הוא שנגלה עלי

הגילוי שנמשך כי 80וחודש אייר נקרא בשם חודש זיו ,79ובעצמו בחודש זה הוא הארה בלבד

If we compare the level of the revelation which occurred when we left

Mitzrayim to the revelation of sefiras ha’omer, the G-dly revelation

was greater when we left Mitzrayim. By definition, the level of

revelation which can be brought about through the efforts of a

limited creation is limited to the source of that creation – a creation

can’t reach higher than its own source. On the other hand, when

Hashem took us out of Mitzrayim, this was not limited by our efforts.

This is why the revelation of G-dliness at the time of leaving

Mitzrayim is described as, “the King, the King of kings, the Holy One

blessed be He – in His glory and by Himself – revealed Himself to

them” – a revelation of Hashem’s essence. On the other hand, the

month of Iyar is described as “chodesh ziv” (the ‘radiant’ month),

which implies that the revelation of G-dliness during this month is

only a “ray” of G-dliness (and not the entire essence).

[Editor’s note: The simple meaning of “chodesh ziv” (the ‘radiant’

month) is that the trees are “radiant” with their beautiful new spring

growth.]

Page 45: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

45 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

Before the Rebbe completes this thought and explains why Iyar has a

unique advantage despite the fact that Nissan has a higher level of

revelation, he parenthetically points out an additional point:

דנוסף לזה שהגילוי שנמשך ע"י עבודת האדם הוא למטה ,]ויש לומרבנוגע להגילוי ,מהגילוי שנמשך בדרך אתערותא דלעילא מצד עצמה

שנמשך ע"י העבודה דספירת העומר הוא עוד יותר.

In addition to the fact that, in general, the revelation brought about

by the efforts of creation is lower than the revelation which comes

from Above, this is especially true with regards to the service of

sefiras ha’omer:

,מתן תורה קודם( )הכנה וכי כיון שהעבודה דספירת העומר היא הגילוי דוגמת הגילוי שנמשך ע"י העבודה דספירת העומר הוא ,לכן

שע"י עבודת האבות לפני מתן תורה )כשהיתה הגזירה והמחיצה בין למטה יותר מהגילוי שנמשך ע"י העבודה שהוא ( 81עליונים ותחתונים

לאחרי מתן תורה )אף שגם הגילוי שנמשך ע"י אתערותא דלתתא . וזהו ( עכשיו הוא למטה מהגילוי הנמשך מלמעלה מצד עצמו

הם 82שחודש אייר נקרא בשם זיו לפי שבו נולדו זיותני עולם ,[84היו ריחות שהמצוות שלהם ,83האבות

Until the Torah was given, the law of “the lower worlds cannot ascend

to the higher worlds and the higher worlds cannot descend into the

lower worlds” was still in effect. Then, at the time of the Giving of the

Torah, this law was cancelled and the Jews were given the ability to

elevate the physical world (the lower world ascending to the higher

world) in order to bring Hashem’s essence into the physical world

(the higher worlds descending to the lower worlds).

Since the Avos lived before the Giving of the Torah, their mitzvos are

described as “scents” (just the “scent” of the mitzvah and not the

mitzvah itself) when compared to the mitzvos after the Giving of the

Torah because they did not yet have the ability to bridge the upper

and lower worlds.

Page 46: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

46 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Similarly, sefiras ha’omer is performed as a preparation for the

Giving of the Torah. Therefore, even today (after the Giving of the

Torah) the time period of sefiras ha’omer is similar to the mitzvos of

the Avos, which have a “before the Giving of the Torah” quality. [In

actuality, all the mitzvos after the Giving of the Torah are able to

bridge both worlds – even the mitzvah of sefiras ha’omer. However, it

still retains a similarity to the mitzvos of the Avos.]

We also see a connection between the month of Iyar and the mitzvos

of the Avos from the fact that the Gemara explains (according to

Rashi) that Iyar is called “chodesh ziv” because it is the month in which

the “radiant ones of the world [the Avos] were born.” [The Gemara

clarifies that this means that it is the month after they were born, as

they were actually born in Nissan.]

Based on this, we see that the revelation caused by sefiras ha’omer is

“lower” than other mitzvos, and is surely lower than the revelation of

“Hashem Himself” which occurred when the Jews left Mitzrayim.

Nevertheless, there is still an advantage to the service of sefiras

ha’omer:

רק בנפש ( הגילוי הבא מלמעלה נרגש )בעיקר ,בנוגע להאדם ,מ"מגילוי זה היא ולכן העבודה שע"י ,האלקית ואינו נרגש בנפש הבהמית

וע"י עבודת האדם ובפרט ע"י הגילוי שנמשך ע"י ,רק אתכפיא .אתהפכא ,נעשה הבירור דנפש הבהמית והפיכתה לקדושה ,העבודה

True, the level of the G-dly revelation in Nissan is higher. However,

relative to how much a person experiences the revelation, the G-dly

revelation of Iyar has a greater impact on the person.

The revelation of Nissan is primarily experienced by the G-dly soul

(as the animal soul has not been refined to the point where it is

sensitive to this revelation), which therefore causes the main service

of Hashem to be eskafia – serving Hashem despite the animal soul.

On the other hand, the Jew’s efforts during Iyar – and especially the

Page 47: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

47 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

G-dly revelation which results from his efforts – refine and

transform the animal soul, enabling it to experience this G-dly

revelation – eshapcha.

Until this point, we’ve discussed how the way that G-dliness is

revealed (from “above to below” in the case of leaving Mitzrayim, and

from “below to above” in the case of sefiras ha’omer) causes an

“environment” which lends itself to either eskafia or eshapcha. Now,

the Rebbe continues to explain the revelation which is brought about

as a result of the eskafia and eshapcha:

לאתכפיא שמביא כמו שהוא בנוגע להגילוי והנה (יו"דשהמעלה בהגילוי שמביא לאתכפיא היא שהוא גילוי ,ולאתהפכא

נעלה יותר והמעלה בהגילוי שמביא לאתהפכא היא שנמשך עד"ז הוא בהגילוי ,[85בפנימיות בהאדם ]שלכן הוא דבר המתקיים

,דה דאתכפיא ואתהפכאשנמשך ע"י העבו

As explained above, the advantage of the revelation which causes

eskafia is that it comes from a higher level, while the advantage of

the revelation which causes eshapcha is that it is able to be

expressed within the lower world (pnimius). So too, the resulting

revelations from these two services have similar qualities:

דמעלת הגילוי שנמשך ע"י העבודה דאתכפיא היא גילוי נעלה ביותר ]וכנ"ל סעיף ח שהאור שנמשך ע"י אתכפיא הוא בכולהו עלמין

משך ע"י ומעלת הגילוי שנ ,[אור שלמעלה משייכות לעולמות ,בשוההעבודה דאתהפכא היא שהמשכתו בהאדם ובהעולם הוא בבחינת

פנימיות.

As explained above in Chapter Eight of the ma’amar, the revelation

which is caused by eskafia is so high that it is “removed from [the

differences between] the worlds” – and is therefore found equally in

all of them. On the other hand, the revelation that is brought about

by eshapcha is able to descend lower and become part of the pnimius

of the person and the physical world.

Page 48: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

48 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Based on this, we’re able to understand how Rashi explained that Iyar

is called “chodesh ziv” because that’s when the “radiant ones [the

Avos] were born”:

דזה שחודש אייר נקרא בשם זיו לפי 86ועפ"ז יש לבאר מ"ש רש"יהוא כי ( 87עולם )אף שהאבות נולדו בניסןשבו נולדו זיותני

דצריך להבין, הרי זה שבחודש ,כשנתחדש אייר נולדו כבר בניסןאייר היו זיותני עולם הוא רק תוצאה מזה שנולדו בחודש ניסן, ולמה

88.בשם זיו נקרא אייר

This section of the Gemara reads as follows:

Rebbi Yehoshua says: “From where do we know that the Avos

were born in Nissan? It says in a possuk, ‘And it was in the

four hundred and eightieth year after the departure of the

children of Israel from Mitzrayim, in the fourth year, in the

month of Ziv, [which is the second month of Shlomo’s reign

over Israel, that he began to build the house of Hashem].’

[The month of Ziv refers to] the month in which the ‘radiant

ones’ were born.

Rashi comments that “the month of Ziv” refers to Iyar, and that the

Gemara says that Iyar is the month when the Avos were born (even

though they were born in Nissan) because “when the month of Iyar

began, the Avos had already been born (in the previous month).”

However, this seems strange: Why would Iyar be called “chodesh ziv”

(the month in which the Avos were born) if in actuality the Avos were

merely “already present” in Iyar because they had been born in

Nissan?

,הגילוי שנמשך ע"י עבודה ,דענינו של הזיו ,ויש לומר הביאור בזהוהגילוי דהאבות )זיותני ,הוא שיאיר בעולם בפנימיות ובהתיישבות

,בפנימיות ובהתיישבות בהעולם הי' בהחודש לאחרי שנולדו ( עולם .כבר כשנתחדש אייר נולדו

Page 49: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

49 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

Above, we explained that the advantage of Iyar is that the revelation

of G-dliness (the “ziv” [ray]) penetrates the physical world in a way of

pnimius as a result of the eshapcha which has already transformed (a

certain aspect of the) physical world into a fitting “container” for this

revelation. Similarly, the revelation of the Avos (the “radiant ones”)

comes in Iyar after they had already been born in Nissan.

The Rebbe now applies what we learned from Pesach Rishon (Nissan)

and Pesach Sheni (sefiras ha’omer / Iyar) to the tzadik and ba’al

teshuva:

הוא החילוק בין הגילוי שנמשך ע"י עבודת הצדיקים ועד"ז ( יא –דבנוגע לדרגת הגילוי ,להגילוי שנמשך על ידי עבודת התשובה

אבל ההמשכה ,הגילוי שנמשך ע"י עבודת התשובה הוא נעלה יותר היא ע"י עבודת הצדיקים. ( למטה בעולם )בפנימיות ובהתיישבות

In terms of how high of a level is reached, the ba’al teshuva (eskafia)

reaches higher than the tzadik. However, in terms of how low the

revelation is expressed within creation, the tzadik (eshapcha) is able to

bring G-dliness to a lower level (by making it part of the physical

world) than the ba’al teshuva.

These differences express how each type of service has a different

“approach”:

,דכיון שענין התשובה הוא שהאדם יוצא מהמציאות שלו ,והענין הואע"י התשובה הוא המשכת עצמות אוא"ס שלמעלה מגדר ,לכן

מציאות.

When a person does teshuva, he “leaves behind” the behavior he

identifies with and goes beyond his own limitations. Therefore, this

type of service reveals the essence of ohr ein sof which is beyond the

limits of creation.

Page 50: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

50 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

דהאור שנמשך ע"י עבודת הצדיקים הוא אור שבגדר גילוי. וגם דההמשכה שע"י עבודה זו היא ,כשהעבודה שלהם היא בביטול

היא בגדר גילוי. ,מ"מ ,המשכה נעלית יותר

In contrast, the G-dliness which is drawn down through the service of

tzadikim is within the realm of “revelation.” Even when a tzadik serves

Hashem with bittul (complete recognition that Hashem is the only

true existence), which would seemingly draw down a level of G-

dliness which is beyond the limits of creation (because there isn’t any

feeling of “self-existence” to prevent the revelation of Hashem’s true

existence), the resulting revelation is still in the “category of

revelation” (even though it may be higher than the limits of creation).

This brings us to a deeper understanding of the possuk that we

explained towards the beginning of the ma’amar:

דע"י הענוה והביטול של הצדיקים נמשך ,וזהו ויספו ענוים בהוי'אבל ,תוספת אור בהוי' לפי שההמשכה היא מאוא"ס שלמעלה מהוי'

מ"מ גם המשכה זו היא בגדר גילוי ]וכנ"ל סעיף ג דיש לומר שענין ,ויספו ענוים בהוי' הוא המשכת בחינת גדולתי שלמעלה מגדולתכם

וענינה ,[שייך להתפשטות וגילוי ( דענין הגדולה )גם בחינת גדולתי .(של ההמשכה הוא שעל ידה יתוסף בהגילוי דהוי' )ויספו גו' בהוי'

When the possuk says, “And those humble ones will increase their joy

in Hashem,” we explained that this refers to the tzadikim who draw

down the revelation of the ohr ein sof into the name Havayah by

serving Hashem with humility and bittul, which causes an increased

revelation of G-dliness in the world. We see from here that even

though tzadikim serve Hashem with bittul, it is still connected to the

concept of “revelation” (and not the essence which is completely

above creation).

[This also fits with the previous explanation of how the “humble ones

will increase their joy in Hashem” corresponds to “My greatness

Page 51: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

51 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

which is superior to your greatness,” as “greatness” represents

revelation.]

הוא ע"י ,שמובדל מגילוי העצם ,ישראל קדוש והמשכת בחינת עבודת התשובה.

The second half of the possuk continues and says that “the

impoverished people will rejoice in the Holy One of Israel.” As

explained earlier, this refers to the ba’alei teshuva, who reach a level

which is “separate (holy) from” the spiritual level of “Israel” (which

refers to the name Havayah) – the essence of G-dliness which is

beyond the name Havayah.

However, why doesn’t the bittul of the tzadikim reach the essence of

G-dliness? Seemingly, just like the ba’al teshuva leaves his own

limitations through teshuva, the tzadik also leaves his own limitations

through bittul! The Rebbe explains:

דענין הענוה הוא )לא שאינו יודע את 89ויש לבאר זה ע"פ הידועשהגם שיודע את המעלות שלו מ"מ אינו מחזיק ( המעלות שלו אלא

טובה לעצמו מפני שיודע שהמעלות שיש לו ניתנו לו מלמעלה. וכיון שהביטול דענוה אינה שוללת את מציאותו )שהרי הוא יודע את

אלא שמציאותו היא לא מצד עצמו ורק מצד ( המעלות שלוולם לכן גם ההמשכה שע"י הביטול דענוה היא גילוי בע ,האלקותבחינת ,אלא שהגילוי בעולם הוא כמו שהוא מצד שרשו ,( )מציאות

גדולתי.

The common perception of humility is thinking of yourself as

insignificant and worthless. In truth, someone who is humble fully

recognizes his own good qualities, but doesn’t attribute them to

himself. Rather, he realizes that they were given to him as a gift from

Hashem.

Therefore, since the bittul of humility only negates one’s “pride” and

doesn’t negate one’s “self,” therefore the revelation of G-dliness

caused by humility is restricted to the limitations of the “self” of the

Page 52: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

52 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

physical world. Just like a humble person realizes that his good

qualities are only due to his “spiritual source,” so too the G-dly

revelation which results from the service of “humility” is limited to the

“spiritual source” of creation.

הוא ע"י ,ובכדי להמשיך בחינת קדוש ישראל שמובדל מגילוישאין בו שום ,דע"י ההרגש שהוא אביון ,הביטול דאביוני אדם

.ועי"ז נמשך בחינת קדוש ישראל ,ממציאותו בטל הוא ,90מעלה

In order to draw down the level of “the Holy One of Israel” who is

completely separate (“holy”) from revelation, it is necessary to have

the bittul of “the impoverished people” (the ba’alei teshuva). In

contrast to the tzadik who recognizes his own holy existence, the

ba’al teshuva is motivated to do teshuva by realizing that he doesn’t

have any good qualities (either literally, or in comparison to the true

essence of Hashem), and therefore reaches complete bittul – without

any “self” remaining at all. Since this bittul completely nullifies the

limits of creation, therefore it is able to reach the essence of G-

dliness which is beyond creation.

As explained above, the advantage of the ba’al teshuva is that he

reaches a higher level of G-dliness (the essence). The service of

tzadikim, however, is also necessary in order to achieve the goal of

creation:

כל זה הוא בנוגע לההמשכה עצמה. אבל בכדי שיהי' והנה( יבכי ענין 91.הוא ע"י עבודת הצדיקים ,דירה בתחתונים ,הגילוי בעולם

וכיון ,במציאותו דירה בתחתונים הוא שיהי' גילוי אלקות כמו שהוא ,ממציאותו ]נוסף לביטול המציאות שלו שיוצא שענין התשובה הוא

ע"י עבודת הצדיקים. לכן הענין דדירה בתחתונים הוא ,[כנ"ל

In order to achieve a dirah b’tachtonim, G-dliness needs to be

revealed within the physical world – as it exists with its own sense of

“self” – the service of tzadikim. Therefore, since the service of a ba’al

teshuva leaves his own sense of self (in addition to the fact that he

Page 53: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

53 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

nullifies his sense of self) it cannot accomplish the goal of dirah

b’tachtonim.

Based on this, the Rebbe begins to answer the questions from the

beginning of the ma’amar:

Question Two:

When the Jews say (in the possuk from Shir HaShirim), “I wish that You

[Hashem] were like my brother,” we’re asking for Hashem to be kind

to us even though we did not act properly towards Him. How can

we compare this to how Yosef acted towards Benyomin, who didn’t

do anything wrong?

דהגם שהבקשה היא שהקב"ה ,וזהו מי יתנך כאח לי כיוסף לבנימיןמ"מ מבקשים שיהי' ,כראוי שלא יהי' לנו כאח אף שהנהגתינו היתה

שגם עבודת התשובה תהי' ,שבזה מרמז ,דיש לומר ,לבנימין כיוסףיומשך (באופן שהגילוי שע"י התשובה )שלמעלה מגדר מציאות

.לבנימין כיוסף ,יקיםמעלת הצד ,בעולם בהתיישבות

Answer to Question Two:

Even though it would seemingly be more appropriate to ask Hashem

to treat us like Yosef treated his brothers (who had done something

wrong), we don’t want our teshuva to have the typical limitation of

teshuva which is only revealed “beyond creation.” Therefore, we ask

Hashem to treat us like Yosef treated Benyomin (the tzadik) because

we are asking Hashem to enable our teshuva to cause a revelation of

G-dliness within the limits of creation, just like the service of a tzadik

would achieve.

Question Three:

Since all of the explanations on a possuk are connected to each other,

how do we explain the connection between the fact that the Tzemach

Page 54: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

54 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Tzedek says that (the first half of) this possuk refers to ba’alei teshuva

and the Alter Rebbe says that it refers to tzadikim?

וזהו גם הקשר דשני הפירושים במי יתנך כאח לי שקאי על צדיקים שיהי' החיבור וההתכללות ,( ושקאי על בעלי תשובה )כנ"ל סעיף ד

.דשני הענינים

Answer to Question Three:

The possuk “I wish that You were like my brother” represents the

fusion of both the tzadik and the ba’al teshuva – we want to achieve

the heights of the ba’al teshuva and the practical impact on dirah

b’tachtonim of the tzadik who is able to reveal G-dliness within the

physical world. Therefore, the possuk can be explained to refer to

both tzadikim and ba’alei teshuva.

Question One:

How can the Alter Rebbe say that “My holiness” can’t be accessed

through the efforts of [creation] below, but can be accessed through

teshuva? Isn’t teshuva considered an “effort of [creation] below”?

,קדושתי למעלה מקדושתכם ,קדושים תהיו כי קדוש אני וזהו ( יגומבאר בלקו"ת דקדושתי שלמעלה מקדושתכם נמשכת שלא על

,הגם שהיא נמשכת על ידי עבודת התשובה ,ידי אתערותא דלתתאובמילא אין זה ענין של ,מציאות שאינו כי ענין עבודת התשובה הוא

.דלתתא אתערותא

As explained above, when someone does teshuva he “goes out” of his

own existence and serves Hashem beyond his own limitations.

Therefore, he is no longer considered in the category of “below,” and

his resulting service is not considered part of “the efforts of [creation]

below.”

Page 55: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

55 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

This also explains why the Midrash on the possuk “You shall be holy,

for I, Hashem, your G-d, am holy” was preceded by the explanation

of “My greatness which is superior to your greatness”:

וזהו מה שמקדים במדרש הענין דגדולתי שלמעלה מגדולתכם )אף אף שהיא למעלה ,דכמו שגדולתי ,(שאין זה שייך לכאורה לפסוק זה

עד"ז יהי' גם ,(היא ענין הגילוי )ושייכת להמטה ,מגדולתכםשתהי' בגילוי בהעולם )ושיהי' בזה גם ,בההמשכה דבחינת קדושתי

שעי"ז תושלם הכוונה דדירה ,(תתאהמעלה דאתערותא דל .בתחתונים

Even though “My greatness is superior to your greatness” (implying

that “My greatness” is beyond the limits of creation), it is still possible

to reveal the level of “My greatness” in the lower worlds. The fact the

Midrash uses this statement as a preface to the concept of “My

holiness” teaches us that even the level of “My holiness” (which is

normally completely removed from the lower worlds) is also able to

be revealed within the lower worlds (by joining the service of a tzadik

and ba’al teshuva into one), accomplishing the ultimate goal of dirah

b’tachtonim!

Page 56: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

56 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Footnotes from the Original Hebrew

יום ,קדושים י"ג אייר-לקראת ש"פ אחרי" ,תנש"א –יצא לאור בקונטרס י"ג אייר ( *

רצייט* של הוו"ח עוסק בצ"צ רב פעלים וכו' ישראל ארי' לייב** יבדל לחיים –אחיו של ,היא

."שנת ה'תנש"א ,תפארת שבתפארת ,ב' אייר . .כ"ק אדמו"ר שליט"א –טובים

ראה ד"ה המלאך הגואל תרפ"ד שהוא ד"ה מי יתנך כאח לי תרפ"ד )סה"מ –לכללות המאמר ]

.[. והוא מיוסד על ד"ה מי יתנך כאח לי תרנ"ד המצויין לקמן בהמאמר( תרפ"ד ע' קסז ואילך

.ב ,יט ( פרשתנו )קדושים ( 1

.ב ,ט. וראה גם ב"ר פ"צ ,ויק"ר פרשתנו פכ"ד ( 2

"והוא תמוה". וראה ( ב. ובאוה"ת ריש פרשתנו )ע' קה ,כמו שמדייק בלקו"ת נצבים נ ( 3

.לקמן ע' רסא

.א ,ראה זח"ג עג ( 4

.ג ,שם נא ( 5

י"ג אייר ה'תשמ"ה ]התוועדויות תשמ"ה ח"ג ע' ,קדושים-ראה בארוכה שיחת ש"פ אחרי ( *

רצייט – [ואילך 1942 שיחת .ושיםקד-והשייכות דשמו לפ' אחרי ,ביאור בשמו של בעל היא

קדושים ה'תנש"א -ש"פ אחרי .[ואילך 256פסח שני ה'תשמ"ז ]התוועדויות תשמ"ז ח"ג ע'

.[ואילך 184]התוועדויות תנש"א ח"ג ע'

יעוו ( נולד ג' )? ( ** לא ד .סיון תרס"ט בעיר ניקא התחבב .תקופה מסויימת שהה בלענינגרא

שהיו –ואף הי' אהוב על החסידים ,שהי' מקרב אותו –מאוד על כ"ק אדמו"ר מוהריי"צ

בנגלה ,שאלות שונות הופנו אליו .סובבים אותו ומתנגחים אתו בדברי הלכה וחסידות

שם –אח"כ עלה לאה"ק ,( בשנת תר"צ עזב את בריה"מ והתיישב באירופא )ברלין .ובנסתר

י"ג אייר נפטר בדמי ימיו ביום .'בשנותיו האחרונות שהה בעיר ליווערפול שבאנגלי .התחתן

ומנ"כ ,הועלה ארונו לאה"ק –כ"ק אדמו"ר שליט"א –יבלחט"א –וע"פ בקשת ,ה'תשי"ב

.בעיה"ק צפת ת"ו

ואילך ]קובץ י"ג אייר ארבעים 68ע' ( ח"א )קה"ת תשמ"ט "ימי מלך" ראה ספר –תולדותיו

.([תשנ"ב ,שנה )קה"ת

.יג ,תבוא כח ( 6

.ב ,אוה"ת לך לך כרך ד תרצו ( 7

–"הגדול היא מדת חסד והתפשטות". וראה ספר הליקוטים ( א ,ראה שעהיוה"א פ"ד )עט ( 8

.גדולה בתחלתו ,דא"ח צ"צ ערך גדול

ב בענין גדולתי שלמעלה -א ,סע"א ואילך. וראה שם צה ,ראה בארוכה אוה"ת ויצא צא ( 9

.מגדולתכם

Page 57: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

57 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

ור הגדול על שם גדולת הזיו והאור המתפשט ממנו". באוה"ת לך לך שם "וכן המא ( 10

אלא גם עלהמאור ,( דגדולה קאי לא רק על ההתפשטות בפועל )אור ,ולכאורה הכוונה

שמובדל ,שממנו מתפשט האור. ומזה מובן דקדושה היא בהעצם שלמעלה גם מה"מאור"

.ההתפשטות מענין

.יט ,ישעי' כט ( 11

.( ד )סה"מ תרנ"ד ע' קז ואילךד. וראה גם ד"ה מי יתנך תרנ" ,א. שם ,נצבים מח ( 12

.( " להוי' )ואלקים( ראה שעהיוה"א שם השייכות ד"הגדול )והגבור ( 13

.כ"ה להדיא בסה"מ תרנ"ד שם ס"ע קט ( 14

.'בסה"מ תרנ"ד שם השייכות דענינים הנ"ל להפסוק מי יתנך גו ( 15

.א ,שה"ש ח ( 16

.א ,. זהר ח"א קפד( עה"פ. וראה גם יל"ש עה"פ )רמז תתקצג ( 17

.כא ,ויחי נ ( 18

.שהש"ר עה"פ. וכ"ה בשמו"ר רפ"ה ( 19

.סע"ב ואילך ,באוה"ת מקץ שמ ( 20

כמפורש ,סף לאחיו" הואמפרש "כיוסף לבנימין" ולא "כיו שהמדרש הטעם על זה ( 21

. אבל ( הוי אומר כיוסף לבנימין" )וראה אוה"ת שם ,יונק שדי אמי "באי זה אח ,בשהש"ר שם

דלכאורה היתה צריכה ,היא שהקב"ה יהי' לנו כיוסף לבנימין הבקשה דכנס"י צע"ק מדוע

.שהוא רבותא טפי ,להיות הבקשה שיהי' לנו "כיוסף לאחיו"

.הובא באוה"ת שם –ויוסף הוא השליט. ( ו ,ראה גם אלשיך עה"פ )מקץ מב ( 22

.בה"רבונו של עולם" שבסדר ק"ש שעל המטה ( 23

בסה"מ ( נדפס )בשינויים וכו' –סע"ב ואילך. והוא משנת תקס"ה ,לקו"ת שה"ש מד ( 24

באוה"ת שה"ש כרך ב ס"ע תרעד ואילך. וראה – ועם הגהות וכו' ,תקס"ה ח"א ע' תפז ואילך

ע' קג ואילך. ד"ה מי יתנך תרנ"ד )סה"מ תרנ"ד ס"ע קד ( גם סה"מ תרכ"ו )קה"ת תשמ"ט

.( ואילך

ואמצאך ,( י יתנך כאח לי הוא כיוסף לבנימין )צדיקיםדמ ,בד"ה מי יתנך תרנ"ד הנ"ל ( 25

כי המקור ,בחוץ שקאי על בעלי תשובה הוא כענין השבטים שמכרו את יוסף. וצריך ביאור

ושם קאי ,17בפרש"י ובמדרשי חז"ל שבהערה ( שפסוק זה מדבר ביוסף ואחיו הוא )לכאורה

.זה על מי יתנך כאח לי

.. סה"מ תרנ"ד ע' קז( ב ,אוה"ת מקץ שם )שמג ( 26

.יד ,ויגש מז ( 27

Page 58: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

58 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

.יג ,לך לך טו ( 28

.ב ,פרש"י עה"פ לך לך שם. מקץ מב ( 29

.יא ,שהש"ר פ"ב ( 30

.*רע"א ,ד. זח"א קפ( יג ,הובא בפרש"י עה"פ. ב"ר עה"פ )פפ"ד ,רע"א ,סוטה יא ( 31

.יד ,וישב לז ( 32

. תו"ח ר"פ שמות. ( באוה"ת שמות ע' ז ואילך –א. ועם הגהות וכו' ,תו"א ר"פ שמות )מט ( 33

.ובכ"מ

.ה ,ויגש מה ( 34

. וממ"ש שם ( 88לשון כ"ק מו"ח אדמו"ר בד"ה ויחלום ה'תש"ח ספ"ט )סה"מ ה'תש"ח ע' ( 35

מוכח שג"ז הוא "ע"פ ההשגחה כו'". וראה ד"ה באתי ,לאח"ז "וזהו"ע הבחירה בקיום התומ"צ"

.( )לעיל ח"ב ע' שנה 41ובהנסמן שם הערה ,לגני ה'תשל"א ס"ה ואילך

. 66. לקו"ש ח"ה ע' ( ד ואילך ,ראה בארוכה תו"ח פ' תולדות ד"ה ויתן לך פ"י ואילך )יב ( 36

.ועוד

.לשון הרמב"ם הל' תשובה פ"ה ה"ב ( 37

"תפארת לוי יצחק –תורת מנחם " 'נתבארו בס ( חילוקי הלשונות בין הזהר והש"ס )ורש"י ( *

.( קפז-סנ"ב ס"ג ואילך )ע' קפו ( בראשית ,ח"א)

לאחרי נאמר ( שעפ"ז יומתק שפסוק זה )וישלחני גו' לפליטה גדולה ,ז. ולהעיר ,ויגש מה ( 38

לחני כי "שנתים הרעב גו'" הוא ביאור על "למחי' ש – ( ו ,כי זה שנתים הרעב גו' )ויגש שם

ואח"כ הוסיף וישלחני גו' שזה נוגע להזמן ,בשנות הרעב ( אלקים לפניכם" )שאמר לפנ"ז

.שלאח"ז

.ח ,ויגש שם ( 39

ועפ"ז יובן מ"ש בתניא ספי"ב "וכן דברים שבין אדם לחבירו כו' ללמוד מיוסף עם אחיו" ( 40

.247ראה בארוכה לקו"ש ח"ה ע' –

דהחיוב לברך על הרעה כשם שמברך על הטובה ,. ולהעיר( ב ,אגה"ק סכ"ה )קלח ( 41

.גם כשזה בא ע"י אדם שהוא בעל בחירה ( הוא )בפשטות ( א ,)ברכות נד

.סע"ב ,ברכות ס ( 42

.( סע"א ,תניא פל"ז )מח ( 43

."'"כמשל בן מלך שהי' בשבי' וטוחן בבית האסורים כו ( סע"א ,ראה תניא פל"א )מ ( 44

.ואילך 434ראה בארוכה לקו"ש ח"ה ע' –בהבא לקמן ( 45

Page 59: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

59 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

.תניא רפ"ב ( 46

א: בשעה שאדם מצטער שכינה מה ,ראה אגה"ת ספ"ו ורפ"ז. ובכ"מ. וראה סנהדרין מו ( 47

.'לשון אומרת כו

.כא ,מקץ מב ( 48

."ן עה"פ שםרמב ( 49

.כא ,יב. ויחי נ ,ויגש מז ( 50

.יא ,ויגש שם ( 51

ירושלמי מכות פ"ב ה"ו. יל"ש יחזקאל רמז שנח. יל"ש תהלים רמז תשב. וראה בארוכה ( 52

.( ד"ה וכל אדם גו' ה'תשכ"ג ס"ד ואילך )לעיל ח"א ס"ע עו ואילך

."טז "וכל זה עשה כדי שיכירו בחטאם ויתוודו ,ראה כלי יקר עה"פ מקץ מב ( 53

.כנ"ל סעיף ה ,אף שאין זה דומה ממש ( 54

.( א ,ראה תניא פ"ז )יב ( 55

דזה שזדונות נעשים כזכיות הוא בתשובה מאהבה רבה. אבל ע"פ מ"ש בתניא ,בתניא שם

דכיון שכל בעל ,יש לומר ,רבה"שם שהטעם על זה הוא "הואיל ועל ידי זה בא לאהבה

הוא נעלה יותר מצדיק ]כמובן מפס"ד ( תשובה )גם כשהתשובה שלו אינה מאהבה רבה

הרי הטעם שבתניא "הואיל ועי"ז בא כו'" הוא בכל הדרגות ,[הרמב"ם שבהערה הבאה*

אלא שעיקר הענין ,הענין דהפיכת זדונות הוא בכל תשובה** ,ולכן י"ל שבכללות ,דתשובה

.וא בתשובה מאהבה רבהה

.( ב ,כדעת ר' אבהו )ברכות לד –רמב"ם הל' תשובה פ"ז ה"ד ( 56

.יב ,ספרי עה"פ ברכה לג ( 57

.נ. סה"מ תרכ"ו ע' קיא. ועודע' תר ( אוה"ת שה"ש כרך ב )ד"ה מי יתנך ( 58

.רמב"ם שם ( 59

מובן שמדבר בכל בעל ,דמזה שבהדין שבע"ת הוא למעלה מצדיק אינו אומר שום תנאי ( *

מפני שהם " יותר ממעלת הצדיקים הואדהטעם על זה שמעלת בע"ת גדולה ,ועוד .תשובה

באהבה רבה " כשהתשובה שלו היא ,וטעם זה הוא בכל בע"ת )ואדרבה "כובשין יצרם יותר

.( אינו כובש את יצרו ( )לשון אדה"ז בתניא שם "וחשיקה ונפש שוקקה

שדוקא בתשובה מאהבה נעשים זדונות כזכיות ( ב ,והא דאיתא בגמרא )יומא פו ( **

בדוחק אולי י"ל שהכוונה שם היא בתשובה מיראת –בה מיראה משא"כ בתשו

.ועצ"ע .שבתשובה זו אין גם העילוי דכובש את יצרו,העונש

Page 60: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

60 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

בהבא להלן ראה גם ד"ה באתי לגני ה'תשל"א סעיף יו"ד ואילך )לעיל ח"ב ע' שסא ( 60

.וש"נ .( ואילך

. תו"א ( א ,ב. קפד ,ב. וראה גם שם סז ,ראה תניא פכ"ז ולקו"ת ר"פ פקודי )מזח"ב קכח ( 61

111ג. וראה ד"ה באתי לגני ה'שי"ת פ"א )סה"מ ה'שי"ת ע' ,ד. לקו"ת חוקת סה ,ויקהל פט

.( ואילך

( אילך. שם ע' תרעהג. ד"ה מי יתנך באוה"ת שה"ש )כרך ב ס"ע תרלד ו ,לקו"ת שה"ש טז ( 62

.. ובכ"מ( . ובסה"מ תרנ"ד )ע' קה

.33הובא בלקו"ת שם. וראה בהנסמן לעיל ח"א ע' רנח הערה ,( ב ,ראה תניא פל"ז )מח ( 63

.ב"ר רפמ"ד. וש"נ ( 64

1301בלקו"ש ח"ד ס"ע ( בקיצורנעתקו ) –כמה מהענינים דלקמן בנוגע לפסח שני ( 65

.ואילך

.לקמן ע' רסד ואילך –נדפס באוה"ת בהעלותך ע' שסז ואילך. וראה ד"ה זה ה'תשל"ח ( 66

.( ב ,תניא פל"א )מ ( 67

.א ,במדבר ג ( 68

.א ,במדבר א ( 69

.ואילך. ובכ"מ 263ראה גם לקו"ש ח"א ע' ( 70

.4נסמנו לקמן שם הערה –א. ובכ"מ. ,לקו"ת ויקרא ג ( 71

.אוה"ת שם ע' שסח ( 72

.א ,פסחים צה ( 73

.כ"ה הלשון באוה"ת שם. וראה לקמן בסוף הסעיף ( 74

.כו ,כ ( הובא בפרש"י עה"פ פרשתנו )קדושים ,תו"כ ( 75

.. ועודד ,לקו"ת ואתחנן ט ( 76

.ג ,א. וראה גם לקו"ת שה"ש כד ,בהבא לקמן ראה לקו"ת ויקרא ג ( 77

.( . ובכ"מ23א. סה"מ ה'תש"ג ע' ,כידוע הראי' על זה ממעין עין עיטם )יומא לא ( 78

."ב. שם פיסקא "ויוציאנו ,מפסחים קטז ,הגש"פ פיסקא "מצה זו" ( 79

.ב ,א. ר"ה ב ,א ו-מלכים ( 80

.עודג. ו ,ראה תנחומא וארא טו. שמו"ר פי"ב ( 81

.א ,ר"ה יא ( 82

Page 61: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

61 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

פד. בית שמואל לשו"ע ,)מאו"א א רחל יעקב יצחק אברהם ולהעיר מזה שאייר הוא ר"ת ( 83

.( אה"ע סקכ"ו ס"ו

.( ג )א ,שהש"ר פ"א ( 84

.ג ,ראה לקו"ת ויקרא שם ב ( 85

.א ,ר"ה יא –ד"ה שנולדו ( 86

.שם ר"ה ( 87

( שהגאולה היא בהחודש שבו נולד )אדר ,( ב ,ולהעיר מירח שבו נולד משה )מגילה יג ( 88

.ולא בהחודש שלאחריו

. בהנסמן ( ראה ד"ה ויספו ענוים בהוי' שמחה תקס"ב )סה"מ תקס"ב ח"א ע' נא ואילך ( 89

.61-60לעיל ח"א ע' רפב הערות

כי אין לו ( יד. ובכ"מ ,ד. תצא כד ,דבר )פרש"י עה"פ ראה טו לכל אבשלכן האביון ת ( 90

.שום דבר

ראה גם לעיל ס"ח. אלא ששם מדובר בבע"ת שהוא במדריגה נמוכה שעבודתו היא רק ( 91

והטעם שעי"ז לא נשלם הענין דדירה בתחתונים כי אינו כלי לאלקות; –באופן דאתכפיא

והטעם שאינו משלים הענין דדירה בתחתונים –וכאן מדובר בבע"ת שהוא במדריגה נעלית

.ותמענין המציא למעלה הוא לפי שהוא

Page 62: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

62 א"תשכ'ה אייר ג"י, קדושים-אחרי פ"ש

Also Available Online

L’Cho Omar Libi 5720

🙧🙥

V’Haya Eikev Tishma’un 5727

🙧🙥

Gadol Yiyeh Kavod HaBayis 5722

🙧🙥

HaSam Nafsheinu B'Chaim 5718

🙧🙥

V'Atah Tetzaveh 5741

🙧🙥

Gal Einai 5737

🙧🙥

Ki Yishalcha Bincha 5738

🙧🙥

Omar Rabbi Oshia 5739

🙧🙥

Basi L'Gani 5734

🙧🙥

Basi L'Gani 5714

🙧🙥

Al Kein Karu L’Yamim Ha’eleh Purim 5713

🙧🙥

V’Haya Eikev Tishma’un 5727

🙧🙥

V'Avraham Zaken 5738

🙧🙥

Page 63: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

63 תהיו קדושים ה"ד

Tanu Rabbanan Mitzvas Ner Chanukah 5738

🙧🙥

Basi L'Gani 5715

🙧🙥

Basi L'Gani 5735

🙧🙥

Basi L'Gani 5736

🙧🙥

V'Kibel HaYehudim 5711

🙧🙥

Ki'Mei Teitzcha Me'Eretz Mitzrayim 5742

🙧🙥

BaYom Ashtei Assar 5731

🙧🙥

Tzion B'Mishpat Tipodeh 5741

🙧🙥

Ani L'Dodi 5732

🙧🙥

V'Chag Ha'Asif 5743

🙧🙥

V’Yihiyu Chayei Sara – 5741

🙧🙥

Podoh B’Shalom - 5741

Sign up online to receive weekly translations as they are released.

www.simplychassidus.com

Page 64: Kedoshim Tihiyu 5721 - Simply Chassidusdownloads.simplychassidus.com/Kedoshim_Tihiyu_5721.pdf · through mitzvos) reaches “My greatness” and the “service of teshuva” reaches

ב"ה

לע"נ

הרה"ח הרה"ת אי"א נו"נ עוסק בצ"צ

ע"ה דניאל יצחקר'

שליט''א בן יבלחט''א ר' אפרים

מאסקאוויץ

שליח כ"ק אדמו"ר זי"ע

למדינת אילינוי

נלב"ע ב' אדר שני ה'תשע"ד

ת.נ.צ.ב.ה

🙧🙥

DEDICATED IN MEMORY OF

RABBI DANIEL ל"ז MOSCOWITZ

LUBAVITCH CHABAD OF ILLINOIS

REGIONAL DIRECTOR

🙧🙥

המלך מלאכת את ואעשה ואקום ...נהייתי דניאל ואני

AND I, DANIEL ... ROSE AND DID THE KING'S WORK

(DANIEL 8:27 )