Kashf Ush-Shubuhaat the Removal of the Doubts (8)

7/30/2019 Kashf Ush-Shubuhaat the Removal of the Doubts (8)

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Readings in Kashf ush-Shubu haat: Th e Eighth Study

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Readin gs in Kashf u sh -Shubu haat (Rem oval of the Dou bts) :Th e Eight h Stud y

INTRODUCTIONAll Praise is du e to Allaah, we praise Him , seek H is aid an d H is Forgiveness. W e seek refugein Allaah from th e evils of our sou ls and th e evils of our action s. W h om soever Allaah guidesth ere is n on e to misguide an d who msoever Allaah m isguides there is n on e to guide. I bearwitn ess that th ere is n on e worthy of worship except Allaah , alon e, withou t an y partn ers an dI bear witn ess that Mu h amm ad is His servant and m essen ger.

To proceed: this is the treatise of the Shaikh ul-Islaam, Establisher of Tawheed, and Reviverof the Religion, Muh amm ad bin Abdul-W ahh aab entitled the Removal of the Dou bts andit is on e of the mo st essential an d fun dam ental writings on th e sub ject of Tawheed and whatis conn ected to it. Th e translation of the text has been taken from the work of Muh amm adbin Abdur-Rahmaan al-Khumayyis who has added some brief explanatory notes and someaddition al footn otes pointing out some oth er doub ts that the enemies of Tawheed u se andspread amongst the people. The whole book is serialised in sections and explanatory titlesh ave been given to each p ortion of the text to aid un derstandin g, stud y and revision.

W e pray th at Allaah revives th e light of Tawheed an d th e Sun n ah an d th at H e removes whatremains of the darknesses of Shirk and Bidah, and that He corrects the affairs of theU mm ah, by grant ing them success in correcting th eir own souls, following in all of that th eMeth odo logy of the In heritors the Prop h ets in every gen eration, th at of Im aam Maalik, thatof the Prophets and Messengers themselves.

To p roceed: Th e Eighth Study


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The Eighth Study: On Shafaaah : Intercession

Th e Shaikh o f Islaam, Muh amm ad bin Abdul-W ahh aab con tinued:

[8.1] The Claim and Dou bt of Rejecting IntercessionIf h e then says: Do you r eject the In tercession of Allaah s M essen ger (sallallaahu alaih iwasallam) and free yourself from (having any need of) it?1 Then say: I do not reject it, andnor am I free of having any need of it. Rather he is the one who will intercede and the onewhose int ercession will be granted. I hop e in h is int ercession2.

[8.2] U nd erstanding the Reality of Intercession in th e Qu raanHowever, all intercession belongs to Allaah alone, as He the Most High said, Say: ToAllaah belongs all intercession . (Zum ar 39:44).

And then it does not take place except after the permission of Allaah, just as He theMighty and Majestic said, Who can intercede with Him except after His permission?(Baqarah 2:255).

And no one can actually intercede for anybody else except after Allaah has granted himpermission regarding it, just as He the Mighty and Majestic said, And they do notintercede except for the one with whom Allaah is pleased . (An biyaa 21:28).

And H e, free is H e from im perfection s, is n ot p leased except with Tawheed, just as He, th eMost High, said, And whoever follows a religion oth er than Islaam (i.e. Tawheed), then

never will it be accepted from him . (Aali Imraan 3:85).

[8.3] How In tercession Shou ld be Asked ForHence, when it is the case that all intercession belongs to Allaah alone, and that it cannottake place except after His permission, and that the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) oran ybody else cann ot int ercede for anyon e un less Allaahs grants perm ission for th is person ,and Allaah th e Most High d oes not grant p ermission except for th e people of Tawheed,then it will have become clear to you that all intercession belongs to Allaah alone and I seek

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Shaikh Ibn U thaimeen: He says this so that he can force you to accept the permissibility of supplicating tothe Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam), with the hope that he might intercede for you, if you were to call uponhim

Shaikh Ibn Ibraaheem : And th is is the way of the people of falsehood . W hen their calling upo n other th anAllaah is rejected they say this is a rejection of Intercession they begin to revile the people of Tawheed, andth ey say th at you r eject the In tercession, an d you redu ce the worth of the Awliyaa, the R ighteo us

2 Shaikh Salih al-Fawzaan: The Intercession of the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) is not rejected exceptby the people of falsehood , and t he astray sects such as th e Kh awaarij and the Mu tazilah. As for Ahl us-Sun nahwal-Jamaaah th en it is from the foun dations of their aqeedah to affirm th e Intercession of the Prop het(sallallaahu alaihi wasallam), and the intercession of the Pious Friends of Allaah, and the Righteous. However,it is not to be sought from them , while th ey are dead. It is actually sought from Allaah, since there is non e whocan intercede except after Allaahs perm ission


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it from Him alone. So I say, O A llaah do not prevent me from being interceded for , and O A llaah accept his in tercession for me and what is similar to th ese words.3

[8.4] Th e Claim and Dou bt of Asking From W hat H as Been Given T o th e Pr ophetIf he th en says, The Prop h et (sallallaahu alaih i wasallam) has been given th e right o f intercession and I merely ask him from that which he has been given. Then the answer isthat Allaah has indeed given him the right of intercession but He has forbidden you fromthis (i.e. asking the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) for it). So He, the Most High, said,And do n ot call upon anyone besides Allaah . (Jinn 72:18).

So if you were to call upo n Allaah [asking H im] that H e sho uld m ake him (i.e. the Pro ph et)intercede for you , then you h ave obeyed H im in H is saying, And do not call upon anyonebesides Allaah . (Jinn 72:18).

[8.5] Reverting to the Worship of the Righteous and Demonstrating The Clearly FalseSayingAlso, intercession h as been given to oth er than the Proph et (sallallaahu alaih i wasallam). It isauthentic that the Angels will intercede, likewise the Pious Friends of Allaah, and also others(who died b efore th e age of pu berty,afraat ).

W ill you th en say (and argue) that Allaah h as given th em th e right to in tercede, and h ence Iask for this intercession from them? If you were to say this, then you have reverted back toth e worship of the right eous which Allaah h as m ention ed in H is Book.

And if you were to say No, then your claim that Allaah has given him (i.e. the Prophet)the right to intercede, and I merely ask him from that which he has been given is actuallyfalsified.4 End of the Shaikhs words.

3 Shaikh Ibn Uthaimeen: The author rahimahullaah intended here that since Intercession belongs toAllaah alone, and it does not take place except after His permission, and that it is only for those whom He ispleased with and He is not pleased with anything but Tawheed, then all of this necessitates that intercessionshould n ot be sought and asked for except from Allaah, the M ost High, and n ot from th e Prophet (sallallaahualaihi wasallam)

Shaikh Ibn Ibraaheem: For verily th e Prop h et (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) does n ot h ave indepen den tcontrol over intercession, rather, he will not intercede except for specific people, those who are actually

deserving of receiving this intercession Th e verse (i.e. Zuma r 39 :44) has explained th at in tercession is und erthe o wnership of Allaah alon e, and it bein g bestowed up on the Pro ph et (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam ) whilenot being given to him independently though, outside of [the permission and control of] Allaah is anhonouring of him (the Prophet) by it, and it is for a specific group of people, within a defined and specificscope. H ence, it is a defined and limited t hing, for somethin g that is also defined and limited (i.e. those whowill receive it)

Shaikh Ibn Ibraaheem : Hence, when intercession belongs to Allaah alone, as occurs in the first verse (quotedabove) and it does not take place except after his perm ission, as occurs in the second verse, and the Pro ph et(sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) cannot intercede for anyone unless Allaah has permitted them to do so, as occursin the third verse, and Allaah does not grant permission for intercession to be made except for the people of People, as occurs in th e fourth verse, then it will becom e clear to you th at all of intercession b elongs to Allaah,it is his dom inion , alone, and that it is only sought from Allaah

4 Shaikh Ibn U thaimeen: Hen ce, the reply to this is from three angles:


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a) that Allaah has given him (the Prophet) the Intercession, but He has forbidden you from associatingpartners with Him in supplication (duaa), And do n ot call up on an yone besides Allaah . (Jinn 72:18)

b) that Allaah free is He from imperfection, the Most High has given him (the Prophet) intercession, yethe does not intercede except after Allaahs permission, and he does not intercede except for the one withwhom Allaahis pleased. Whoever is a Mushrik, then Allaah is not pleased with him, and hence he will notpermit th at he should be interceded for, as He said, And they will not intercede except for the on e withwhom He is pleased. (Anbiyaa 21:28)

c) that Allaah has given In tercession to oth er th an t he Pr oph et (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam). Th e An gels willintercede, th e Awliyaa will intercede (on th e Day of Jud gement) an d oth ers (th ose who died beforepuberty) likewise. So say to him, will you ask intercession from these as well (i.e. supplicate to them andask for it)? If he says No then, then his saying is rendered futile, and if he says Yes, then he hasreverted to his saying of worshipping the righteous. Then a further matter, this person does not actually

desire the intercession of the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam), and if he had truly desired it, he wouldhave said, O Allaah, grant me the Intercession of your Prophet Muhammad, the Messenger of Allaah(sallallaahu alaihi wasallam), however he supplicates to the Messenger (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam),andcalling upon others besides Allaah is the major shirk which expels from the religion. So how can thisman who calls upon others alongside Allaah except that an yone should in tercede for him with Allaah, freeis H e from imp erfection, th e Most H igh.

Shaikh Ibn Ibraaheem : An d it will become clear to you that just because a person has been granted t he rightto in tercede (for oth ers), this itself does no t pro ve that h e will be able to give it (i.e. intercede) to wh om ever asksfor it. O ther wise, it would necessitate that an yon e who merely asked for inter cession wuold be granted itautomatically, and in this case the Shareeah [acts] would have been invalidated (i.e. they would no longer ben ecessary since everyone would b e interced ed for). Hen ce, this sho ws th at th e Prop het (sallallaahu alaih iwasallam) being given the right of intercession is actually limited and defined, and it does not indicate that itshould actually be sought from him. And if it had been sought from him, then the Companions would havebeen the first to h ave requ ested th is intercession from him


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Point s to Note

8A. Shafaaah (In tercession ) in its lin guistic and Shar eeah m ean ing represen ts du aa(supplication) and talb (requesting, seeking something) and involves three parties.

1) the o n e requestin g th e intercession, or t he on e for whom intercession is being made2) th e on e who will actually m ake the intercession3) the one who will grant or reject the intercession

8B. After having been refuted and exposed in his ploy to differentiate between his actionan d th at of the Mu shriks, and also in his ign oran ce of th e reality of worship (ibaadah), th eMushrik now attempts to accuse the Muwahhid of denying the Intercession of the Prophet(sallallaahu alaih i wasallam).

8C . The affirm ed in tercession of ou r Pro ph et Mu h amm ad (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) is of various types:

1) The great intercession, which, amidst all his brothers from the other Prophets andMessengers is specifically for o ur Prop het (sallallaahu alaihi wa sallam) and this is for thecomin g of Allaah so that Jud gmen t m ay begin .

2) His (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) intercession for people whose good and bad deeds areequal, so h e will in tercede for th em to en ter Paradise.

3) His (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) intercession for another group of people for whom theFire h ad been o rdered, so he will intercede that th ey do n ot en ter it.

4) His (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) intercession for the raising of the ranks of those haveentered Paradise, th at their rank b e raised to on e greater than what their reward for th eiraction s wou ld h ave given th em.

5) His (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) intercession for a people to be entered into Paradisewithout reckon ing.

6) His (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) intercession for the lightening of the punishment forthose who deserve it, such as his intercession for his uncle Abu Taalib for hispun ishm ent to be lighten ed.

7) His (intercession) for the permission to be granted for all the Believers to enter Paradise.8) His (sallallaahu alaihi wasallam) intercession for the people who committed major sins,

amo n gst th ose who ent ered the Fire, th at they be brou ght o ut of it.

See Sharh ut-Tahaawiyyah of Ibn Abi al-Izz (d.792H).

8D. The people of Tawheed affirm the Intercession of the Prophet (sallallaahu alaihiwasallam) in the Hereafter, as outlined above, and in keeping with the fact that intercessionbelongs solely to Allaah, and He alone grants the ability and permission to whomever Hewills to intercede, it sho uld b e sou ght on ly from H im an d th is is from th e requirem ents of Tawheed.


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8E. It is affirmed that the Angels and the Righteous will also intercede, besides the Prophet(sallallaah u alaih i wasallam). This is con firm ed in n um erous ahaad eeth.An d here is anexample of one such hadeeth:

...Th ey, th e believers, will say abou t th eir bro th ers in th e H ellfire: O our Lord! They usedto fast, pray and make Hajj with us! It will be said to them, Take out those from themthose that you recognise, and so they will be made forbidden to the Fire, and a greatn um ber will be removed... then they will say, O our Lord! No on e remains in th e Fire fromthose whom you ordered us (to take out)! So Allaah - the Mighty and Majestic - will say,Return. And in whoever's heart you find the weight of a deenar of goodness, take themout. So th ey will again take ou t a large por tion . Th en th ey will say, O ou r Lord ! No on eremain s from th ose who m you ord ered us (to take out). So he will say, Retu rn and inwhoever's heart you find the weight of half a deenar of goodness, then take them out. Sothey will take out a large portion, and will then say, O our Lord! No one remains fromth ose who m you ord ered u s (to take o ut). H e will then say,Return , and in whoever's heartyou fin d an atom 's weight of good n ess, take them out . So they will remove a large po rtion .And they will then say, O our Lord! No one remains from those whom you ordered us (totake out). And Abu Sa'eed al-Khudree used to say, If you do not believe me about thishadeeth, then recite if you like (the saying of Allaah), In deed Allaah does not wrong eventhe weight of an atom, and if there is a good deed, he will multiply it and give for it a greatreward .... So then Allaah - the Mighty and Majestic will say, The Angels have interceded,the Prophets have interceded, the Believers have interceded and none remains but themost merciful of those who show mercy (Arham ur-Raahimeen). So Hellfire will be takenan d a people who h ad n ever ever don e any good will be taken o ut of it - and they will be like

burnt coals (ashes) and so they will be placed into a river at the openings of Paradise, theRiver of Life, and they will be taken out like seeds, then they will be taken out like pearls...They are the Utaqaa of Allaah (the freed ones of Allaah) from the Fire and who He willenter into Paradise, without any action that they did and without any goodness that theybro ught forward. Bukhaaree an d M uslim

8E. It is necessitated th erefore, from th e disputan ts viewpoin t, that he also invoke the An gelsand the Righteous in order to solicit their intercession since they too have been grantedthe right to intercede. If he approves of this, then he has reverted to the worship of therigh teous and h e has th us, resem bled the Mu shriks up on whom th e Qu raan was revealed. If

however, he does not accept that the Righteous and the Angels should be called upon forintercession , th en th is refutes his argumen t in favour of callin g upo n th e Proph et (sallallaahualaihi wasallam) in o rder to solicit his intercession .

8F. Shafaaah takes place in the life of this world in the form of supplicating for others, orrequesting others to supplicate for you, or the Janaazah prayer (which is a form of intercession by the Mu slims on behalf of the d eceased) and th e likes, or in th e H ereafter inthe precise way and manner that has been outlined in the authentic narrations.

As for the intercession that the Mushriks seek, then they seek it from the Prophets and the

Righteous while they are dead and buried in the graves, in the Barzakh. There is no proof from th e Book and th e Sunn ah to ind icate that intercession is sought from those who have


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passed away while they are in the Barzakh, and that they are called upon and asked for theirintercession . Rather th is is th e very Shirk of the Mu shriks up on wh om th e Q uran wasrevealed.


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Action P lan of the Muwahh id

1. Mem orise the four verses: Zum ar 39:44, Baqarah 2:255, An biyaa 21:28, Aali Im raan 3:85.These verses explain the reality of Intercession, that it all belongs to Allaah, that it can only

take place after His permission, that it only takes place for those with whom He is pleasedand th at H e is on ly pleased with Tawh eed.

2. Know of all the types of intercession that are affirmed for our Prophet (sallallaahu alaihiwasallam) specifically, an d for t he An gels and Believers in general.

3. Know that supplicating to those besides Allaah for the sake of seeking and soliciting theirin tercession is th e Major Sh irk and is also th e Sh irk of Duaa, sin ce intercession , likeforgiveness and sustenan ce an d th e repellin g of harm and th e bringin g abou t of good and soon , is sought on ly from Allaah , as it H is sole dom inion and righ t.

4. Know that there is no difference between seeking intercession by way of supplication fromthe Proph et or th e Prophets and b etween those besides them from th e Angels and Righteous just like there is no difference between pro stratin g to th e Prop h et (sallallaahu alaihiwasallam) and between prostrating to anyone other than him and so on with all the otheracts of worship which if directed to other than Allaah, necessitate Major Shirk.

5. Think, ponder and reflect over all of this. Then, when you are satisfied with yourun derstand ing and acquisition, th en pro ceed to Part 9, seeking Allaahs aid and assistance inall of th at.

And may the prayers and p eace be up on Allaahs Messenger, his family, h is com pan ions an dth ose wh o follow him up on Tawheed an d t he Sun n ah till th e affair is established.

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Kashf Ush-Shubuhaat the Removal of the Doubts (8)