K T C T COLLEGE OF

TEACHER EDUCATION

Semester 2

SOCIAL SCIENCE

Name : Baja.GOptional : Social Science Standard : IXReg No : 13369006

MughalRule

TOPIC

Introduction

Mughal empire was an important dynasty found in the medieval world. Babar who defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the fi rst battle of panipat in 1526 AD, laid the foundation of a new dynasty. The important Rulers of mughal empire were, Babar, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shajahan, Aurengazeb and Bahadoorshah –I I .

Important mughal cities

The important mugal cities are agra, Fatehpur benares, patna, burdwan , hoogly dacca and chitta gang.

Mughal Administration

Akbar was the most important ruler of mughal administration. The Mughals had a centralised system of administration. King was also the head of the judicial and military organisation

REVENUE UNITS OFFICER IN –CHARGE

Thana - Thanedar Zemindari - Zemindar Mansabdari - Mansabdar Faujidari - Faujdar

For the administrative convenience

the country was divided into provinces,provinces into sarkars and sarkars intoParganas.

PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT

Two types of Taxes

►During the mughal rule revenue of the government was divided into royal and provincial. Provincial taxes were based on production and consumption. The royal (central) income consists of land revenue , customs duties etc.

Ownership of Land

The basic change in the ownership of land which the mughal rule was the land was passed into the hands of the peasants. People who converted waste land into cultivable land got its ownership. The right of king , zamindars and jagidars over the land based on income.

Raja TodarmalDuring the reign of Akbar land was

systematically surveyed and new tax rates were introduced. This was done under the leadership of rajatodarmal, the revenue officer.

MansabdhariIt was the military system introduced by

Akbar.

Transport During the mughal rule roads and water

routes were the main means of transport. All important roads were metalled

Serai Along the sides of important trade routes

there were enclosed grounds. Travellers and traders stayed here during nights.

Foreign Trade

During mughal period India had commercial contacts with various countries of Europe and Asia. Gold silver, raw silk, horse, minerals , pearls, precious stones, woollen clothes etc. imported and various types of clothes , pepper, indigo, opium drugs and salt petre were exported.

Painting The painting style of the mughal

period was a combination of indigenous and

foreign style. This is known as mughal style of painting. The emperors Babar Humayun, Akbar, Jahamgir and Shajahan encouraged painting. During the period of Jahamgir mughal painting made spectacular progress.

Important mughal paintings

Important Mughal Rules encourages painting.

Mughal MusicTansen

Tansen was a great musician of the mughal period. He was the courtier of Akbar. In the field of music there was more comparable to him. Tansen prize is awarded by the government of Madhya Pradesh to eminent classical musicians.

During mughal period numerous forts, arches and mosques were constructed it was during the period of shajahan mughal painting reached its zenith.

Mughal Architecture and Building

Fort

Arch

Mosque

Pictures of forts buildings and churches constructed During mughal Rule.

Panchamahal Shalimar Gardern

Agra Fort

Fathepur sikri

TajmahalRed Fort

Tajmahal

Humayun Tomb

Bulandarwaja

Jamamasjid

Agra Fort

Agra Fort

Review Questions1. What were the important rulers of mughal dynasty?2. What were the important mughal cities ?3. Who was the most important ruler of mughal dynasty?4. What were the administrative division of mughal

empire?5. What was Mansadari system?6. What was Serai?7. What is the name of an important musician who was the

courtier of Akbar?8. Whose period is known as the golden period of mughal

architecture?9. What – were the important constructions during the

mughal rule and who built it?10. Which battle laid the foundation of mughal rule in India?

THANK YOU

CONCLUSION During the mughal rule art and architecture become very popular .

They made vast reformation in the field of administration . The area of business and trade flourished mughal dynasty was an important dynastry during the medieval period.