K-DEPESCHE 2013

www.emsgrivory.com

Dear customers and business partners,

It takes more than simply being a ma-terial supplier to ensure success in the market. Today, customers are looking for development partners who provide ideas, develop innovations and solve problems. EMS-GRIVORY has followed this path consistently for many years and in doing so, has achieved the position of leading specialist for high-performance polyamides.

Our goal is to achieve tailor-made solutions. The researchers and develop-ment engineers at EMS-GRIVORY deve-lop products and processes which satisfy both steadily increasing market demands and customer requirements. In addition, we provide support in mould design as

EMS-GRIVORY is the leading expert for high-performance polyamides with

the widest range of polyamides worldwi-de. The globally active business unit of the EMS Group has a very varied pro-duct range and is a reliable development partner for strong innovation and compe-tent service. EMS-GRIVORY focusses con-sistently on providing a comprehensive service offer to customers.

continued on page 2

EMS-GRIVORY has now increased the assortment for long fi bre reinforced

polyamides to include fi ve product fami-lies: Grivory HT, Grivory GV, Grilamid L, Grilamid TR and Grilon TS are the basis for polyamides reinforced with long glass or carbon fi bres. Surprisingly, the same property improvements are achieved In-dependent of the basis polymer used. The thermo-mechanical properties show a signifi cant increase for all polyamides.

more about LFT: pages 6-9

Wide LFT assortmentFrom idea to serial production

News from EMS-GRIVORY for the K 2013 Hall 6 / E61

The leading manufacturer of high-performance polyamidesThe leading manufacturer of high-performance polyamides

From the idea to serial production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Automotive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4/5

Long fi bre reinforced polyamides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 - 9

GreenLine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Metal replacement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Optimisation / Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12/13

Electro/Electronics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Communication / Mobile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

EMS-GRIVORY worldwide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Christian MorfVice-President Marketing & Sales

well as in the manufacture and testing of prototypes. We have a wealth of expe-rience in simulation work and part opti-misation which, in combination with our high-quality materials, make extraordina-ry component designs possible. In this way, our customers are supplied not only with the material, but also with a comple-te solution, providing added value with regard to cost savings, weight reduction and freedom of design.

Taking our new high-heat stabilised Grivory HT2VS-HH as example, the whole performance spectrum of EMS-GRIVORY can be seen. This new product also emphasises our innovative strength. Our high-performance polyamides have now succeeded at temperatures previ-ously considered to be impossible.

Exciting news can also be heard from the other product families.

Due to its transparency and excellent surface quality, Grilamid TR is achie-ving success in an increasing number of applications in automotive interiors. Long fi bre reinforced polyamides from EMS-GRIVORY with their oriented end-less-fi bre reinforcement, fl ame protec-tion or electrostatic conductivity are also increasingly material of choice – even in unusual application areas.

We look forward to your challenge!

I hope you enjoy reading our news and wish you an exciting visit to the K 2013.

2 www.emsgrivory.com

EMS-GRIVORY – the polyamide specialistFrom the idea to serial production

EMS-GRIVORY is the leading specia-list for high-performance polyamides,

with the world’s broadest range of po-lyamide products. The globally active business unit of the EMS Group has a very diverse product range and is a re-liable partner for powerful innovations and professional service. Complete so-lutions instead of material recommenda-tions – that’s the aim! One example of a new product, the high-heat polyamide Grivory HT2VS-HH, clearly shows how EMS-GRIVORY works in a market-orien-ted way to drive innovations forward to successful serial production.

Increasing demands in the engine compartmentOne of the big trends in current automo-bile development is downsizing. Due to increasingly stringent statutory require-ments, automobile manufacturers must reduce CO2 emissions and thus also the fuel consumption of their vehicles. End customers however, are unwilling to sacrifi ce any convenience or driving dynamics. To achieve the balancing act between lower consumption and un-changed or even higher performance, car manufacturers rely on smaller en-gine and cylinder sizes, with higher-performance turbocharging ensuring an equally high or often even greater level of performance.

Rising temperatures and air pressures in the charge air system are a conse-quence of this development. Primarily, this means higher stresses on the materi-

als used. In addition, there is a general rise in temperatures in the engine com-partment, because packaging is beco-ming ever denser. A quick glance at the past ten years reveals this development: whereas a decade ago charge air pres-sures were around 1.5 bar and char-ge air temperatures up to a maximum of 200°C, these have now reached a maximum pressure of 3.3 bar and conti-nuous temperatures of 210°C with peak temperatures of 230°C.

Everything from a single source

Following intensive research work, it was possible to successfully heat-stabilise the well-known Grivory HT2.

The new Grivory HT2VS-HH was thoroughly tested in the material testing department.

Thanks to help from CAE, the technical experts of the application development centre get the most out of the components.

Application developers provide customers with fast, uncomplicated help in the event of proces-sing problems.

There is no sign of an end to this trend. As a result of adapting power units to the forthcoming Euro 6 standard, peak tem-peratures of up to 250°C will be more the rule than the exception. As a result, thermal stresses in the engine compart-ment will rise to near the melting point of aliphatic polyamides. Materials based on PA66 and PA6 will reach the limits of their performance capability.

Problem identified and solvedEMS-GRIVORY recognised this problem at an early stage. During a period of intensive research activity, its R&D de-partment analysed and tested various processes to raise EMS-GRIVORY’s high-performance polymers to the next level of performance. The breakthrough fi nally came. Using a method borrowed from fl ame retardants, they modifi ed Grivory HT2, which has been marketed successfully for many years, in such a way that it has no problems withstan-ding constant temperatures of up to 250°C. The basic principle is simple: if the thermal stress on a component made of Grivory HT2VS-HH increases, a bar-rier layer forms on its outer surface and stops the process of thermal oxidation from damaging the polyamide.

The hotter the betterHeat ageing of the new material and of a 30% glass fi bre-reinforced standard PPA at 230°C gives an impressive de-monstration of the mechanism (see fi gure 2). After 1,000 hours, it is apparent in the case of the conventional PPA that the process of thermal oxidation has alrea-dy penetrated deep into the polyamide. After 2,000 hours, the test piece is al-most completely charred, and at 3,000 hours it is entirely carbonised. The situ-ation is different with the heat-stabilised Grivory HT2. As a result of the protec-tive layer, the test piece is largely intact even after 2,000 hours, and in contrast to the standard PPA, there are no surface cracks. The picture is comparable even after 3,000 hours.

The higher the temperature, the qui-cker the thermal oxidation protective layer is formed. This fact leads to asto-nishing results. Heat ageing experiments at 180°C for 2,500 hours show the well-known performance ability of Gri-vory HT2, with only a slight reduction in mechanical properties (see fi gure 3). At 200°C, the durability is already well above that of standard PPA. This picture is even clearer at 230°C and fi nally cul-minates at 250°C (see fi gure 4). In this case, Grivory HT2VS-HH shows almost constant strength during 3,000 hours, whereas after 1,000 hours, the breaking stress of conventional polyphthalamide has already dropped to around half of its original value, and after 2,000 hours it has reached zero.

High retention of propertiesHigh-heat polyamides look impressive when compared to other high-perfor-mance polymers. The stress-strain property is on a par with a similarly reinforced PPS, whereby the EMS-GRIVORY material has higher elongation at break. When the heat-ageing resistance of the two materi-als is compared after about 1,000 hours at 250°C, Grivory HT2VS-HH shows far greater resistance (see fi gure 5). Starting from mechanical properties that are alrea-dy higher in the un-aged state, the proper-ty retention of Grivory HT2VS-HH with re-gard to breaking stress is more than 60% greater, and with regard to elongation at break is up to more than 100% higher than for a corresponding PPS type.

High Heat

Figure 1: Reduction in consumption and CO2 emissions with increased performance, exemplifi ed by BMW.

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

CO2-emissions (g/km)

Fuel consumption, mixed (l/100km)

217

9.0

178

7.6

149

6.4

192 hpBMW E46 328i

218 hpBMW E90 325i

245 hpBMW F30 328i

From the idea to serial production

3K-DEPESCHE 2013High Heat

Figure 3: Heat ageing at 180°C. Tests were carried out on a 30% glass fi bre-reinforced type of Grivory HT2VS-HH (XE 4216) and a 45% reinforced type (XE 4217) compared to a standard PPA with 30% glass fi bre reinforcement.

250

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Std. PPA GF30 XE 4216 XE 4217

Figure 4: Heat ageing at 250°C. Tests were carried out on a 30% glass fi bre reinforced type of Grivory HT2VS-HH (XE 4216) and a 45% reinforced type (XE 4217) compared to a standard PPA with 30% glass fi bre reinforcement.

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Figure 5: Comparison of the retention of proper-ties of PPS and Grivory HT2VS-HH after 1,000 hours at 250°C.

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Grivory XE 4216 – 250°CPPS GF30 – 250°C

In addition to its exceptionally good property retention, the customary perfor-mance of Grivory HT2 is also retained. For example, the new Grivory HT2VS-HH delivers the typical stiffness of the Grivory HT product family. Surface qua-lity has been improved even further, and longer fl ow paths are possible, making processing easier.

Subjected to the most thorough testingAll the tests were carried out in EMS-GRIVORY’s material testing department. This enabled optimum support for the re-search department during development of the new high-heat polyamide. The materi-als testing department at the Domat/Ems site has contemporary, comprehensively equipped testing laboratories that are also available to EMS-GRIVORY’s cus-tomers. Characteristic parameters, e.g. stiffness, strength and toughness, can be determined on tensile and bending ma-chines and on impact pendulums – at any temperature from −40°C to well above 200°C. In addition, the resistance of ma-terials to chemicals, hydrolysis and heat can be determined on other laboratory equipment. These are just a few of the analyses and tests that are part of the day-to-day business of material testing.

These thorough tests also enabled EMS-GRIVORY to ensure that the new Grivory HT2VS-HH keeps its promise. The automotive industry’s response was correspondingly positive. The material has already been validated by numerous OEMs and TIER 1 companies, with ex-tremely pleasing feedback. For examp-le, as previously with Grilon TSG-30/4 W2, it has achieved testing approval in Volkswagen’s Central Laboratory with a laboratory mark of 1 for 230°C and also for 250°C.

Professional all-round serviceA high-quality material on its own does not automatically lead to a success-ful application. EMS-GRIVORY’s new high-heat polyamide can fulfi l its po-tential only if it is processed and used correctly. That’s why many technical ex-perts from EMS-GRIVORY’s application development centre, specialised in va-rious fi elds including automotive engi-neering, and who know the challenges in the differnt areas of application and speak the same (specialist) language, are available to assist customers. Initial applications using the highly heat-sta-

Figure 2: Heat ageing of a 30% glass fi bre-reinforced PPA (top) and Grivory HT2VS-HH with 30% glass fi bre reinforcement after 3000 hours at 230°C.

48 h

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bilised material are already being developed with vari-ous customers. Of course, the application development centre does not just offer this service for the automotive in-dustry or for Grivory HT2VS-HH; all of EMS-GRIVORY’s customers benefi t from it.

On request, the specialists will also undertake sub-tasks of a project, to enable custo-mers to concentrate on their own strengths and thus achie-ve their aim more quickly. The application development cen-tre experts perform feasibility studies, check the economic viability of projects, and fi nd the right product for the job. Supported by CAE (compu-ter-assisted engineering) and rheological examinations, the engineers can demonstrate how components and tools must be designed in an opti-mum way. On request, they will offer assistance in the pro-curement of a prototype tool. Finally, the application deve-lopment centre is also availa-ble to customers for the manu-facture of prototypes. When all the questions have been clarifi ed and all the diffi cul-ties overcome, the component can go into serial production. That’s how EMS-GRIVORY’s application development cen-tre works: it is not satisfi ed until the customers are as well.

From the idea to serial productionEMS-GRIVORY will assist the respective customer if processing problems arise during serial production. EMS-GRIVORY possesses extensive expertise and has a large amount of experience at its dispo-sal. This enables many questions to be answered quickly and without complica-tions. If major obstacles ever arise, the applications technologists will inspect the problem on the spot. Because the appli-cations technology centre in Switzerland is backed up by worldwide support fa-cilities, a comprehensive service and a high level of continuous prompt support can also be offered to customers opera-ting on a global scale.

EMS-GRIVORY the polyamide specialist

From the idea to serial production

Along with the development and manufacture of high-performance polymers, EMS-GRIVORY´s strengths also include the creation of innovative system solutions. These focus on cost and weight reduction through metal replacement.

EMS-GRIVORY supports customers throughout the whole development process and during serial production. The services offered are adapted to suit individual customer requirements in each market segment. Experienced development engineers accompany customers from the fi rst feasibility studies through prototype manufacture and specifi c component testing right up to mould optimisation .

In this way our customers receive a complete solution – from the idea to serial production.

Your innovative development partner

EMS-GRIVORY . Via Innovativa 1 . CH-7013 Domat/Ems . SwitzerlandPhone +41 81 632 78 88 . Fax +41 81 632 76 65www.emsgrivory.com/K2013

EMS-GRIVORY: An effective partner who supports and

accompanies its customers on the path to successful applications –

from the idea to serial production!

4 www.emsgrivory.comAutomotive

Light creates atmosphere

Dimensional stability and accuracy

Increasing demands in the automotive industry mean that new innovations are

constantly needed for vehicle interiors. Interior lights, which are generally ins-talled in the roof lining, ensure that there is evenly adjusted lighting throughout the vehicle interior. The focussed light of the reading lamps, on the other hand, allows passengers to read without dazzling the driver. Increasing use is also being made of ambient lighting inside vehicles, to help with orientation in the dark and to provide enhanced comfort.

Grilamid TR 90 UV is ideal for chal-lenging applications of this kind, thanks to its outstanding resistance to UV and chemicals, its unlimited colouring options

When redesigning a lens holder for an advanced front lighting system,

the German automotive supplier HELLA required a polymer material providing the right balance of dimensional accu-racy, heat distortion temperature, weight and cost. The 30% glass-fi bre reinforced Grivory HTV-3H1 has a heat distortion temperature of 280°C and extraordina-ry dimensional stability, especially under fl uctuating temperatures. The new lens holder made of Grivory HTV-3H1 is si-gnifi cantly lighter in weight and less ex-pensive than the previous, steel stamped part, and can be effi ciently manufactu-red using injection-moulded methods to give a fi nished part requiring no post-treatment.

Werner FreimannApplication Development Automotive

Grilamid TR 90 UV enhances car interiors

Some like it hotGrivory HTV-3H1 brings light to darkness!

Durable, reliable – and it matches requirements!

Grilon TSG-W2 in the engine compartment

Tried-and-tested, well-known – and yet still exceptional

The combination of smaller engines and higher performance means that tempe-

ratures in the engine compartment and at the drive train are constantly rising. With its second generation of Grilon TSG W products, EMS-GRIVORY has developed materials which immediately passed the 1,000 hour test at the Volkswagen cen-tral laboratory with fl ying colours.

At the same time, in a move demons-trating its confi dence in successful deve-lopment by EMS-GRIVORY and resulting validation, Visteon launched component testing for the new turbo-charged air coo-ler for the VW Amarok. This component is subjected not only to high temperatu-res, but also to pressures of up to 2.9 bar, which pose a major challenge for polyamides in terms of thermal stress.

Why have more than 30 million peo-ple decided to buy a VW GOLF?

Because it is durable, reliable and mat-ches their requirements. The same can be said of Grilon BG-50 S: this material, which is designed for injection-moulded parts subjected to high levels of stress, fi rst emerged in the 1970s, just like the GOLF, and has likewise proven its per-formance, durability and reliability. Tried-and-tested and well-known for decades – and yet it is still an exceptional mate-rial. Based on polyamide 6, a strong, tough matrix reinforced with a glass fi b-re content of 50 percent by weight, it is easy to process with an effi cient injection moulding procedure – the perfect match. Grilon BG-50 S is therefore being used

EMS-GRIVORY supported its custo-mer Visteon throughout the material approval process by conducting ex-tensive tests. Temperature and pres-sure threshold testing was carried out in addition to the usual ben-ding and tear resistance tests. Using state-of-the-art CAE cal-culation programs, the com-plete component was simu-lated with regard to mould fi lling and component failu-re. Thanks to the excellent support and the close, trusting cooperation bet-ween VW, Visteon and EMS-GRIVORY, this appli-cation was successfully realised using the newly developed Grilon TSG-30/4 W2 material.

in the fuel fi ller fl ap module for the new GOLF VII. The thermoplastic satisfi es re-quirements and selection criteria which are almost identical to those for a metal construction: precise dimensions, even under fl uctuating temperatures, minimum swelling following contact with fuel and high levels of rigidity and strength. And on top of all that, the quality of the sur-face must also match the surface quality of visible parts. Of course, as users we want to see this component as little as possible – only when fi lling up with fuel. But it is good to know that it’s the perfect match.

Reinhard HagenApplication Development Automotive

The turbo-charged air cooler developed by Visteon and EMS-GRIVORY for the VW Amarok.

and its suitability for the back injection moulding of PC fi lms. Grilamid TR 90 UV demonstrates its chameleon-like adapta-bility to perfection here. Black in appea-rance during the day, it changes to sig-nal-red at night, thanks to the even light transmission of Grilamid TR 90 UV, and discreetly illuminates the door panel and the central console. And that has genera-ted a fantastic response: the innovative component was honoured in 2012 with the Grand Award of SPE Central Europe.

Michael HoffmannApplication Development Automotive

Fuel fi ller lid for the new GOLF VII.

Wide rangeToday, EMS-GRIVORY offers a full range of heat-stabilised Grilon TSG-W2 grades with a choice of glass fi bre reinforcement of 30%, 35%, 50% or even 60%. In ad-dition to a high level of resistance to ther-mal ageing, these materials offer many other benefi ts, such as an outstanding surface quality, easy processing, high weld line strength and good dimensio-nal stability. Grilon TSG-W2 is also ex-ceptionally resistant to media commonly used in the vehicle industry, such as oils, coolants and fuels. It is therefore the per-fect material for use in the engine com-partment.

Uwe BeckerKey Account Manager Automotive

360° view ->

5K-DEPESCHE 2013Automotive

Decorative trim for the central console

The decorative trim for the BMW 6 series convertibles (F12) and coupés

(F13) satisfi es the most exacting de-mands. Impact-resistant yet stiff, it shows virtually no warpage, blends beautifully into the cockpit and ensures an attrac-tive design. If conventional glass-fi bre reinforced materials had been used, the decorative trim could only have been produced after massive mould modifi ca-tions. Thanks to the excellent shrinkage behaviour of Grivory GVX-5H, the war-page-critical geometry of the decorative trim did not pose a problem. This major benefi t, combined with high dimensional stability and consistent behaviour under

Attractive design!

Grilamid TR in the automotive engineering industry

Transparent high-performance polyamides with no weaknesses

Thanks to their transparency, amor-phous thermoplastics such as polycar-

bonate or PMMA are in widespread use in the automotive engineering industry. However, they exhibit certain weaknes-ses in terms of their resistance to chemi-cals and stress cracking.

With its special composition, transpa-rent Grilamid TR uniquely combines the properties of semi-crystalline polyamides with those of amorphous thermoplastics.

Grilamid TR – excellent resistance to chemicals and stress cracking

This material offers a number of out-standing properties, including excellent resistance to both stress cracking and chemicals.

With plastics such as polycarbonate or PMMA, stress cracking is one of the main causes of failure in many areas of application. Seemingly innocuous sub-stances, such as suncream or even the sweat from your hands, can cause stress cracks to form in these products. Deve-lopment engineers in the automotive con-struction industry are increasingly focus-sing on tackling this problem. Thanks to

its unique combination of properties, Gri-lamid TR is opening up more and more application possibilities in this sector.

Continuous research and develop-ment work at EMS-GRIVORY has been a key factor in this success. Important properties such as the surface hardness and scratch resistance of Grilamid TR products have been consistently further developed. Today, Grilamid TR can be used as an alternative to coated high-

Daimler fan hub made of Grilamid TR XE 4139 black.

Polycarbonate (above) compared to Grilamid TR (below) following contact with suncream.

different climatic conditions, was the key to this product’s successful use in serial production.

Harald SauerKey Account Manager Automotive

gloss components in interior applications. Mixed with black colour pigments, the re-sultant material is a deep black with a glossy surface that looks almost identical to the classic “piano black” fi nish – and since this is achieved without additional coating, it also results in considerable cost savings.

Christian OetzelProduct Manager

Grivory GV / Grilamid TR

High Heat PolyamidesConstant performance at elevated temperatures

Automotive manufacturers are focussing increasingly on smaller engine capacities but with more powerful turbo-charging. This means that under-the-bonnet temperatures and turbo-charged air pressures are constantly increasing. In order to satisfy these application requirements, EMS-GRIVORY has developed a series of heat-stabilised, high-performance polymers. These High Heat Polyamides stand out with excellent resistance to heat-ageing, even at permanent working temperatures of up to 250°C.

High Heat Polyamides from EMS-GRIVORY – some like it hot.

Your innovative development partnerEMS-GRIVORY . Via Innovativa 1 . 7013 Domat/Ems . SwitzerlandTel. +41 81 632 78 88 . Fax +41 81 632 76 65www.emsgrivory.com/K2013

Visit us at the K trade fair in Düsseldorf16 to 23 October, Hall 6/E61

360° view ->

6 www.emsgrivory.comLong fi bre reinforced polyamides

Innovative glass-fi bre rovings make attractive combinations possible

Using newly developed glass-fi bre ro-vings, an injection-moulding material

(Grivory GVL-6H HP) which breaks the “sonic barrier” of 300 MPa (in tension tests as per ISO 527) was developed for the fi rst time without the use of carbon fi b-res. The new fi bres have a special geo-metry and, therefore, a different length to thickness ratio – both in 10 mm pellets and in the injection-moulded parts.

Along with tensile strength at break it was simultaneously possible to further increase the values for elongation at break, notched impact strength and fa-tigue strength (Wöhler strength). The high-performance products are available with 50% and 60% long-fi bre reinforce-

Excellent mechanical properties and brilliant surface quality

Overview of the properties of Grivory GVL-5H natural, Grivory GVL-6H natural and the new glass-fi bre roving

reinforced grades Grivory GVL-5H HP natural and Grivory GVL-6H HP natural.

ment based on Grivory GV and Grilamid TR. They are used in particular in compo-nents which undergo rapid stressing and which should show no embrittlement at high deformation speeds.

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Tensile E-Modulus ISO 527 MPa dry 17500 17500 23500 22500Stress at break ISO 527 MPa dry 290 270 315 290Elongation at break ISO 527 % dry 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.1Impact strength 23°C ISO 179/2-1eU kJ/m2 dry 115 105 125 115Notched impact strength 23°C ISO 179/2-1eA kJ/m2 dry 40 35 45 40Thermal propertiesMelting point ISO 11357 °C dry 260 260 260 260Heat distortion temperature HDT/A ISO 75 A °C dry 255 255 255 255Heat distortion temperature HDT/C ISO 75 C °C dry 220 220 230 225General propertiesDensity ISO 1183 g/cm3 dry 1.56 1.56 1.69 1.69Flammability (UL 94), 1,6mm ISO 1210 Step dry HB HB HB HBWater absorption ISO 62 % dry 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.5Moisture absorption ISO 62 % dry 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2Linear mould shrinkage longitudinal ISO 294 % dry 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10Linear mould shrinkage transverse ISO 294 % dry 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.20

Long fi bre reinforced polyamides – now also highly fl ame retardant

Among the latest developments in the range of long fi bre reinforced poly-

amides from EMS-GRIVORY are fl ame retardant grades based on Grivory GV and Grilon TS. Surprisingly, it could be seen very early in the development work that the fl ame-retardant additives caused only minimal changes to property values in LFT polyamides and that the strength, elongation capacity and notched impact strength only showed slight changes.

It is also noticeable that highly com-bustible fl aming tests as per UL-94 5VA are passed without problem and that glowing wire test values (GWIT) well

Flame retardant LFT polyamides without performance loss

Property comparisons of Grivory GVL-4H and Grivory GVL-5H with their corresponding fl ame retardant grades Grivory GVL-4H V0 and Grivory GVL-5H V0.

above 800°C are achieved so that use of these products in unattended running electrical appliances is possible at any time. The heat distortion temperatures in-creased by the LFT technology, the clearly reduced creep and excellent dynamical properties (notched impact strength, be-haviour at very high deformation speeds and penetration strength are completely maintained for the LFT V-0/5VA pro-ducts. The fl ame-retardant product gra-des can generally be processed with the same machine settings as the standard materials, meaning that alternative use of the two products is possible in the same injection-moulding tool.

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Tensile E-modulus ISO 527 MPa tr 14500 14500 17500 17500Stress at break ISO 527 MPa tr 230 200 260 235Elongation at break ISO 527 % tr 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2Impact strength 23°C ISO 179/2-1eU kJ/m2 tr 80 70 90 90Notched impact strength 23°C ISO 179/2-1eA kJ/m2 tr 30 25 30 30

Thermal properties

Melting point ISO 11357 °C tr 260 260 260 260Heat distortion temperature HDT/A ISO 75 A °C tr 250 250 255 255Heat distortion temperature HDT/C ISO 75 C °C tr 210 210 220 220

Electrical properties

Comparative tracking index IEC 60112 tr 600 600 600 600Specifi c surface resistivity IEC 60093 Ω tr 1010 1010 1010 1010

Glow wire ignition temp. GWIT 2mm IEC 60695-2-13 °C tr 775 825 775 850Glow wire fl ammability index GWFI 2mm IEC 60695-2-12 °C tr 825 960 850 960

General properties

Density ISO 1183 g/cm3 tr 1.47 1.52 1.56 1.59Flammability (UL 94), 1.6mm ISO 1210 Step tr HB V0/5VA HB V0/5VAWater absorption ISO 62 % tr 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.7Moisture absorption ISO 62 % tr 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2Linear mould shrinkage long. ISO 294 % tr 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.10Linear mould shrinkage trans. ISO 294 % tr 0.40 0.30 0.25 0.25

As with all fl ame-retardant products from EMS-GRIVORY, the LFT grades contain no halogen or red phosphorous and satisfy all requirements of the RoHS (restriction of hazardous substances) and the WEEE (waste electrical and electro-nic equipment) directives. In addition,

they are also available as electrostati-cally conductive grades with and without fl ame protection.

Horst HeckelProduct Manager LFT

The fi ligree fi bre structure also pro-vides even better surface quality. This allows the very attractive combination of an exceptional mechanical property profi le with exceptional surface quality to

be achieved. Toughness can look really good!

Horst HeckelProduct Manager LFT

7K-DEPESCHE 2013Long fibre reinforced polyamides

Local support from oriented endless fibres

Even less well formed orientation of re-inforcing fibres in LFT products is not

able to provide optimum strengthening everywhere in every component without weld lines. Often, part geometry creates obstacles which prevent efficient use of flow agents. In addition, many compo-nents are only subjected to high stresses in certain areas – decisive for material se-lection, even though lower performance would suffice in other areas.

Endless fibres increase maximum stress for weld lines

The demonstration component developed together with the University of Applied Sciences Rapperswil.

Using long fibre reinforced polyami-des EMS-GRIVORY has now developed supporting bands reinforced with endless fibres in which all the fibres are oriented in exactly the same direction. The fibres are just as well impregnated as the pel-lets and thus show a degree of efficiency which is equal to the theoretically maxi-mum achievable property values. Natu-rally, these bands are compatible to the injection-moulding material used in each

case and are inserted into the mould and overmoulded with the component. During this pro-cess the bands should be con-sciously oriented in the direc-tion of maximum internal stress in the component and laid over weld lines.

In cooperation with the Uni-versity of Applied Sciences, Rapperswil (Switzerland), tech-nology to insert the bands was developed and key component values determined. To achieve this, a demonstration component was made which allowed tests to be carried out at different points (optimal fibre ori-entation, low orientation near the gate, blunt weld lines).

The results of these tests show that op-timal fibre orientation from a welded-on band only causes a slight increase in stress at break values, areas with weld lines in the basic component, however, can resist up to double the maximum stress with only one single band (see dia-gram 1). This means that with one single band, the component bending strength remains at one level, independent of the

Grilamid TRVL – amorphous polyamide with long fibre reinforcement

As latest addition to the long fib-re reinforced product range,

EMS-GRIVORY has developed an amor-phous polyamide with 50% long-fibre re-inforcement. Similar to the polyamide 12 grades, this product with the designation Grilamid TRVL-50X HP, exhibits signifi-cantly improved mechanical key figures compared to conventional compounds. Even the E-modulus could be increased to nearly 15,000 MPa which corres-ponds to an improvement of 50%!

The product was conceived for com-ponents with challenging surface quality without sinkholes which also satisfy the

Successful combination

highest requirements on stiffness and dy-namic energy absorption. Due to the very low and very isotropic shrinkage, precisi-on components can be manufactured very economically.

With Grilamid TRVL-50X HP it was pos-sible to successfully combine the low shrin-kage and very low water absorption of the amorphous polyamides with the low-warpage interlinked long fibre structure.

Horst HeckelProduct Manager LFT

Grilamid TRVL-50X9 HP natural

Tensile E-Modulus ISO 527 MPa cond. 14.500Stress at break ISO 527 MPa cond. 215Elongation at break ISO 527 % cond. 2,3Impact strength 23°C ISO 179/2-1eU kJ/m² cond. 90Notched impact strength 23°C ISO 179/2-1eA kJ/m² cond. 35Thermal propertiesMelting point ISO 11357 °C dry -HDT/A ISO 75 A °C dry 140HDT/C ISO 75 C °C dry 125General propertiesDensity ISO 1183 g/cm³ dry 1,50Flammability (UL 94), 1,6 mm ISO 1210 Step dry HBWater absorption ISO 62 % dry 1,0Moisture absorption ISO 62 % dry 0,3Linear mould shrinkage longitudinal ISO 294 % dry 0,05Linear mould shrinkage transverse ISO 294 % dry 0,10

Long fibres for optimum protection

Low weight, maximum functionality and even higher impact resistance were the

prerequisites for the bionic knee protec-tor "Fluid Tech Carbon Knee Brace" from Alpinestars. This provides local support for the knee cap and protection against sharp stones in the case of a fall. This is a great challenge for any stiff material. Using Grilamid LCL-3H with its long car-bon fibre reinforcement, this hurdle was overcome without problems. The fibre skeleton which forms inside the compo-nent disperses stresses formed over a max. volume and in doing so, avoids the creation of stress peaks.

No stress peaks thanks to the fibre skeleton

In focus

The knee brace, which only weighs around 590 gram, has sophisticated kinematics so that the component, made up of two half-shells, can move like the real knee joint. This is achieved through a cog-wheel connection between the two parts on two external hinges. The mechanical stress on the cog-wheels can be extremely high and make a material with very high strength and high tensile module necessary.

Horst HeckelProduct Manager LFT

basic structure. Further properties such as creep, fatigue strength, alternating strength and pulsating fatigue strength as well as stiffness dependent on tempera-ture are also further improved.

Horst HeckelProduct Manager LFT

360° view

Diagram 1: Comparison of maximum stress for a component with endless fibre reinforcement and one without it.

5.0004.5004.0003.5003.0002.5002.0001.5001.000

5000

Ben

din

g s

tren

gth

[N

]

Weld line Sprue Optimal

With bandWithout band

8 www.emsgrivory.comwww.emsgrivory.com

GRILON GRIVORY

FE 6312TSXL-40/4 DBblack 9833

FE 6314TSXL-50/4 DBblack 9833

XE 5103GXL-40H DBblack 9915

FE 6341GXL-40H DB V0black 9915

FE 6305GXL-45H DBblack 9915

FE 16108GXL-50H DBblack 9915

Tensile E-Modulusdry 14000 17500 22500 16500 24000 19500

cond. 10500 13500 20500 14500 21500 18500

Stress at breakdry 225 240 285 195 280 255

cond. 165 185 230 165 230 220

Elongation at breakdry 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8

cond. 2.4 2.4 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8

Impact strength 23°Cdry 55 80 60 55 70 70

cond. 60 75 60 60 70 70

Notched impact strength 23°Cdry 20 30 18 18 20 25

cond. 25 30 20 18 20 25

Melting temperature dry 260 260 260 260 260 260

HDT C 8 MPa dry 225 235 225 225 235 230

Volume Resistivity cond. < 108 < 107 < 103 < 108 < 103 < 108

Surface Resistivity cond. < 109 < 108 < 103 < 108 < 103 < 108

Density dry 1.45 1.53 1.40 1.48 1.41 1.55

Flammability 1,6 mm dry HB HB HB V0 HB HB

Electrostatically conductive – with good mechanical properties?

LFT polyamides – Last minute solution?

Plastic materials actually provide excel-lent electrical and thermal insulation.

In some areas however, such as explo-sion protection in mining, ventilation of solvents or when applying powder coa-tings, an electrostatic charging of the plastic components is not allowed. In applications like this the surface resistivity must be smaller than 1 mega ohm. Solu-tions previously available on the market are unsatisfactory. Products containing conductive carbon black are very britt-le, those with steel fi bres have insuffi cient mechanical strength and materials com-bined with nano-tubes cause very high manufacturing costs.

Within its LFT product range, EMS-GRIVORY has developed a series of materials which do not become brittle despite being electrically conductive and which are offered at very sensible prices. The solution to the problem is in the use of polyamides reinforced with hybrid fi bres (glass and carbon fi bres). The structural properties are provided by the long glass fi bres and the electrical properties by the long carbon fi bres. The mechanical pro-perties, especially the strength, notched impact strength and heat distortion tem-perature suffer no negative infl uence. The products can be processed with conven-tional machinery and moulds so that al-ternative standard components or those

Everyone’s been there: The injection-moulding tool is ready, the compo-

nents for serial testing supplied - and then the material requirements are suddenly increased. The component is exposed to higher temperatures than planned, the stresses are higher and the required wor-king life longer.

In many cases over the past years the application development department of EMS-GRIVORY were able to help avo-id expensive and complex changes to mould design being necessary. Higher property values at the same temperatu-res or the same property values at higher temperatures: This is what characterises LFT polyamides in comparison to stan-

LFT polyamides for explosive atmospheres

No unpleasant surprises thanks to long fibres

Electrostatically conductive LFT polyamides from EMS-GRIVORY.

At the same temperature, property values of LFT poly-amides are higher than those of polyamides reinforced with short fi bres.

Long fi bre reinforced grades have the same mechanical properties as short fi bre polyamides but at higher temperatures.

for use in explosive atmospheres can be manufactured in one production series.

Horst HeckelProduct Manager LFT

dard products. Especially with highly-reinforced compounds where a further increase in fi bre reinforcement is not pos-sible, the corresponding long fi bre rein-forced grades can provide a last minute solution.

The lines of the two graphs Compound (GV-5H) and Long fi bres (GVL-5H) corres-pond roughly to the effect of around 10% higher fi bre reinforcement. This makes it possible using long fi bre reinforced com-ponents, to reduce the amount of fi bre by 10% while still achieving the required stiffness and strength – even at higher temperatures. In this way, lighter weight components can be achieved – an in-creasingly important development goal, especially in the fi eld of automotive con-struction.

If their special properties are taken into account at an early stage in the de-velopment work, use of LFT polyamides can also reduce the necessary compo-nent volume (wall thickness, number and size of ribs). Along with lower weight, this also ensures quicker cycle times.

Horst HeckelProduct Manager LFT

20.000

18.000

16.000

14.000

12.000

10.000

8.000

6.000

4.000

2.000

0

Tens

ile m

odul

us [

MPa

]

-50 0 50 100 150 200

Grivory GV-5H blackGrivory GVL-5H black

Temperature [°C]

At higher temperatures, long fi bres improve stiffness values

+ 20 – 25%

LFT-EFFECT

Tensile tests ISO 527, 5mm/min. dry

20.000

18.000

16.000

14.000

12.000

10.000

8.000

6.000

4.000

2.000

0

Tens

ile m

odul

us [

MPa

]

-50 0 50 100 150 200

Grivory GV-5H blackGrivory GVL-5H black

Temperature [°C]

Required property values are possible at 20 to 30°C higher temperatures.

+ 20 – 30°C

LFT-EFFECT

Tensile tests ISO 527, 5mm/min. dry

Long fi bre reinforced polyamides

9K-DEPESCHE 2013K-DEPESCHE

LFT polyamides for minimal weight

Due to its high-quality materials and an ingenious design, the tou-

ring boot „Spectre“ made by the Itali-an company La Sportiva weighs only 1395 gram (3 lbs). This makes it the lightest four-buckle touring boot ever. Materials from EMS-GRIVORY, used in the back shaft of the boot are a decisi-ve factor. A long fi bre reinforced PA12 and a particularly tough Grilamid PA12 ensure very high stiffness and extremely high notched impact strength. Thanks to the long fi bre reinforcement, notched im-

Higher performance from the polymer – higher performance in sport!

In focus

pact strength values are twice as high, modulus of elasticity in tension values are 60% higher and strength values 70% hig-her than for polyamide 12 grades with short-fi bre reinforcement. This makes the ski boot very stiff and, at the same time, impact resistant. Minimal weight for ma-ximum performance thanks to LFT.

Horst HeckelProduct Manager LFT

The black, back boot shaft is made of PA12 reinforced with long carbon fi bres and a particularly tough Grilamid PA12.

Long fi bre reinforced polyamides make extraordinary combinations possible

LFT polyamides: Different product families; same advantages

Components made of long fi bre re-inforced polyamides exhibit a pro-

nounced interlinked fi bre structure. Along with a signifi cant improvement of the thermo-mechanical properties, a surpri-sing effect on fl ame resistance can also be seen which is innovative and allows unusual combinations of different proper-ties to be achieved.

At wall thicknesses from around 1.6 mm and a long glass fi bre content of at least 40%, LFT products show a glowing wire resistance value GWIT of 775°C or more. This is a property re-quirement for unattended use of electrical appliances which up until now, has only been possible to achieve with fl ame-re-tardant modifi ed products. Long fi bre re-inforced polyamides need no fl ame-retar-

EMS-GRIVORY has now increased the assortment for long fi bre reinforced

polyamides to include fi ve product fami-lies: Grivory HT, Grivory GV, Grilamid L, Grilamid TR and Grilon TS are the basis for polyamides reinforced with long glass or carbon fi bres.

Surprisingly, the same property im-provements are achieved Independent of the basis polymer used. The thermo-mechanical properties show a signifi cant increase for all polyamides. In particular at temperatures above the glass transition point, the products behave as if they had 10 to 20% more fi bre reinforcement. At the same time, notched impact strength values – or general dynamic energy ab-sorption – are increased two to threefold. Creep is signicantly reduced for all long

Flame retardant and food approved? Long fibres for even higher performance

The glowing wire resistance of LFT polyamides increases with wall thickness and quantity of reinforcing fi bres. Principle diagram LFT effect

fi bre reinforced polyamides; the behavi-our is more elastic and less plastic.

Even for the high-temperature polyami-des Grivory HT, heat distortion tempera-tures under high stress are increased by a further 20 to 30°C; and last but not least, the products exhibit much higher long-term strength values in fl exural ben-ding tests. Front runner here is Grivory GCL-4H reinforced with 40% long car-bon fi bres, which shows values above 130 MPa after more than 10 million load cycles.

Horst HeckelProduct Manager LFT

GWIT GWFI

Product 2mm 3mm 5mm 2mm 3mm 5mm

Grilon TSGL-40/4 FA black 800 800 800 925

Grilon TSGL-40/4 black 800 800 800 925

Grivory GVL-4H natural 825 825 930 960

Grivory GVL-5H natural 800 825 850 800 930 960

Grivory GVL-6H natural 800 850 800 960

dant modifi cation to attain these values which has a positive effect on mechani-cal properties and costs. In addition, the products can also be approved for use in direct contact with food.

This is new and extraordinary! Com-ponents which are in contact with food-stuffs on one side and have electrical connections mounted on the other side can now be made of one single material.

Horst HeckelProduct Manager LFT

Not

ched

impact

str

ength

Hea

t dis

tort

ion

tem

per

atu

re

Stiffness Stress at break

Light with long fibresLong-fibre-reinforced polyamides

for sport and leisure

Protective equipment for sport and leisure has to meet increasingly tough demands. Poly-amides with long carbon fi bres combine maximum stiffness and strength with exceptional resistance to impacts. This combination in conjunction with a lower weight improves performance and boosts enjoyment. Injection moulding can now reduce weight by well over 30%, even in comparison with composite components.

Better performance from polymers – better performance in sport.

Your innovative development partnerEMS-GRIVORY . Via Innovativa 1 . 7013 Domat/Ems . SwitzerlandTel. +41 81 632 78 88 . Fax +41 81 632 76 65www.emsgrivory.com/K2013

Visit us at the K trade fair in Düsseldorf16 to 23 October, Hall 6/E61

360° view

Long fi bre reinforced polyamides

10 www.emsgrivory.comGreenLine

Transparent GreenLine bio-polyamide for pipesNon-modified PA610 and PA1010

polymers are too stiff and brittle for the manufacture of pipes in pneuma-tic applications and, therefore, need to be made more flexible and tougher by addition of plasticisers and impact modi-fiers. As a rule, however, this leads to a reduction of translucency and makes the products practically intransparent and un-suitable for pneumatic applications whe-re good transparency is required.

EMS-GRIVORY has been successful in overcoming this problem. Thanks to a new technology, the latest, high-viscosity bio-based extrusion grades Grilamid 1S XE 4281 (PA1010) and Grilamid 2S XE 4282 (PA610) for flexible, transparent and impact resistant pneumatic pipes possess an unequalled combination of properties such as flexibility, impact strength and transparency. Along with transparent pipes, these new products can also be used to make coloured pipes where the transparency of the basic ma-terials allows intensive colours and glossy surfaces to be achieved.

A clear view thanks to Grilamid 1S and Grilamid 2S

Both polymers belong to the range of „GreenLine“ (bio-based polymers) from EMS-GRIVORY. They have a very high amount of renewable raw materials and are characterised by excellent resistance to chemicals and heat.

These new products are now availab-le world-wide.

André SturzelProduct Manager Grilamid/GreenLine

Pipes made of the new bio-based Grilamid 1S XE 4281 and Grilamid 2S XE 4282.

Expanding the Grilamid family

To fulfil new needs in a targeted way, EMS-GRIVORY has considerably ex-

panded the product range of long-chain polyamides in the Grilamid L PA12 fa-mily by adding the three new Grilamid grades 1S PA1010, 2S PA610 and 2D PA612 series. Applications for the new materials range from flexible media pipes in automobiles to smartphone casings made from high rigidity bio-polyamide.

Despite its outstanding properties, Grilamid L Polyamide 12 (PA12) is not the ideal material for certain applica-tions. Increasing temperatures in auto-mobiles – whether for media pipes in passenger car engine compartments or compressed air pipes on HGVs – lead to requirements for which Grilamid L PA12 with a melting point of only 178°C is no longer adequate. Polyamide 12 is also unable to satisfy the increasingly com-mon request for organically based poly-mers. This calls for new solutions.

In response to this trend, EMS-GRIVORY has considerably expan-ded the product range of products similar to PA12. Whereas in the past, Grilamid was still synonymous with polyamide 12, a wide spectrum of materials is now available to customers in the shape of the new long-chain polyamides Grilamid

* An organic content of up to 66% is technically possible.

Read the complete article on our website.

L, D and S. Grilamid 1S PA1010 and Grilamid 2S PA610 have a high to very high organic content and are members of EMS-GRIVORY’s GreenLine product ran-ge. An organic content of up to 66% is also possible with Grilamid 2D PA612. The melting point of all three polymers is distinctly higher than that of Grilamid L PA12.

Wide range of possible applicationsGrilamid 1S PA1010, manufactured entirely from renewable raw materials, can be regarded as a direct organic complement to PA 12. Highly glass fib-re reinforced, low-distortion Grilamid 1S PA1010 types are increasingly success-ful in the telecommunications segment by virtue of their outstanding properties. The Grilamid 1S product range compri-ses unreinforced and reinforced injection moulding types together with various extrusion types and high-rigidity special products for applications such as smart-phones or tablets. Grilamid 2S PA610 and 2D PA612 are used in particularly in automotive applications such as plug connectors, fuel, coolant and hydraulic pipes as well as components for SCR (Se-lective Catalytic Reduction) systems.

André SturzelProduct Manager Grilamid/GreenLine

Grilamid Polymer Melting point Organic component

L PA12 178 °C 0%

1S PA1010 200 °C 99%

2S PA610 225 °C 62%

2D PA612 215 °C 0 - 66% *

From Grilamid L to Grilamid L, D & SThe colourful side of GreenLine

Grilamid BTR: Every colour is green

The bio-based Grilamid BTR, a glass clear high-performance polyamide

from the GreenLine product range of EMS-GRIVORY, is excellently suited for transparent applications. Its outstanding resistance to chemicals, very good tough-ness, scratch resistance and especially low density characterise this amorphous polyamide which is made on the basis of castor oil derivatives.

The Italian fashion label Lara D‘ ma-kes use of these properties to make light-weight, flexible spectacles frames and uses the bio-material Grilamid BTR for a new series of particularly environmentally compatible optic products.

In the optics segment Grilamid BTR sup-plements the omnipresent Grilamid TR. The polymers are very similar from a tech-nical point of view and customers can now produce products with an impro-ved environmental compatibility without loss of performance or quality. In addi-tion, for intransparent optic products, EMS-GRIVORY offers the completely bio-based PA1010-Polymer Grilamid 1S. One peculiarity of both Grilamid BTR and Grilamid 1S is the excellent bonding strength with allows interesting design va-riants to be achieved using two-compo-nent injecting moulding.

André SturzelProduct Manager Grilamid/GreenLine

In fo

cus

360° view

11K-DEPESCHE 2013Metal replacement

The dizzy heights of metal replacement

Replacement of brass in sanitary fittings

Grivory GV cuts down on weight

High-performance polyamides for unpolluted drinking water

Situated at 1,640 metres above sea level, the world’s fi rst solar-powered

ski lift can be found at Tenna in the Sa-fi ental region of Switzerland, near the Domat/Ems production site. The solar modules are mounted on mobile transver-se axles, while a centrally driven pulling cable connects the solar wings with one another and ensures that they are positi-oned at an optimal angle to the sun.

In order to achieve both cost and weight savings, the transverse axles are mounted on connectors made of Grivory GV. Using Grivory GV instead of die-cast metal means that each component weighs six kilograms less, which repre-sents a weight saving of around one ton-ne for the entire system.

Tobias ZündArea Sales Manager, Switzerland

Sanitary fi ttings are traditionally made of brass. In order to make this metal

alloy easier to process, lead is added to it. The lead contained in the brass however, causes measurable polluting of drinking water. The European Union drinking water guideline 98/83/EC stipulates that from December 2013 the lead content in drinking water may not exceed 0.01 mg/l (previously the limit was 0.025 mg/l). This means that less lead may be added to the brass making its processing more diffi cult and more ex-pensive.

High-performance polyamides made by EMS-GRIVORY, such as Grivory HT,

The connector: the metal solution (rear) and the weight-optimised component made of Grivory GV (front).

EMS-GRIVORY supplies high-performance polyamides for components in direct contact with drinking water.

The connector is attached to the support cable. The lower pulling cable is used to adjust the angle.

Grivory GV or Grilamid LV/LBV with the FWA classifi cation, can replace brass in sanitary fi ttings. These materials are approved for use in direct contact with drinking water and foodstuffs. They are less expensive both to process and to purchase as the material price is cons-tant compared to the very volatile price for brass. These high-performance poly-amides exhibit convincing resistance to corrosion, chemicals and hydrolysis and are simple to process. The lower mecha-nical properties of the polyamides can be compensated without problem using adapted designs (ribs and higher wall thicknesses).

Grilamid LVX ensures safe diving

Lightweight, robust and reliable: the Mares Matrix dive computer is setting

new standards, both above and below water. The thermoplastic housing made of Grilamid LVX and the metal battery compartment cover provide the sturdiness required, while the display is easy to read and the dive computer is watertight to a depth of 150 metres. The decision to opt for Grilamid LVX was based on its UV and salt water resistance, its dimensi-onal stability (circularity of ± 0.02 mm), its burst pressure of 50 bar and its suita-bility for watertight TPE extrusion coating. All components were developed comple-tely by Mares.

Francesco MartinaTechnical Project Manager

A watertight argument

In focus

Grilamid LVX ensures safe diving

EMS-GRIVORY supplies not only the raw materials, but also supports its cus-tomers in component design, testing and processing. An example of this is the German company Ideal Standard, which manufactures high-quality tap systems. EMS-GRIVORY advises and accompanies Ideal Standard worldwi-de in production and as a strong de-velopment partner, providing valuable know-how for new projects. In this way, innovative sanitary fi ttings of highest quality are created!

Curzio ScheurerKey Account Manager

Industry & Electro

12 www.emsgrivory.comOptimisation / Simulation

Improved strength thanks to weld line optimisationWho likes talking about their weak-

nesses? We don’t any more than you do! And yet it is often our weak points that offer the greatest potential for optimisation – which is precisely why we should talk about them.

What is the issue here? To achieve maximum strength and stiffness, high-performance plastics are reinforced with short fi bres (e.g. glass fi bres) making the resulting products compounds of fi bres and polymers. If the melt fl ows without hindrance in a component, the fi bres act as a form of reinforcement in the direc-tion of stress and the stress is transmitted along the fi bres throughout the polymer.

However, if the melt fl ow is split due to obstacles, differences in wall thick-ness or different fl ow paths and then re-converges, weld lines are formed. The orientation of the fi bres is interrupted near these weld lines to such an extent that the fi bres cannot be expected to provide any reinforcement beyond the area of the weld line. The weld line strength only reaches a fraction of the strength exhibited in an area of unim-peded fl ow. This is not good news. An experienced plastics engineer will be all too familiar with this problem and will often have had bad experience with it.

It all depends on the correct orientation!

Housing made using the gating system cascade process, Grivory HTV-5H1 in black and natural: cross-section through the fl ushed weld lines. Fibre orientation in the vicinity of a weld line.

Optimised processing improves weld line strength

If a clever processing process is used to orientate the fi bres in the weld line area in a way that enables them to re-sume their intended reinforcement func-tion, the weld line strength often increa-ses by more than 100 percent!

EMS-GRIVORY has been working in-tensively on this issue in recent years. Today we are able to offer our custo-mers a special gating system cascade process, which enables the melt fl ows to be specifi cally manipulated during the fi lling and holding pressure phase and a benefi cial orientation of the fi bres to be

Reducing development times – improving simulation qualityThe development times for plastic com-

ponents are becoming ever shorter. As a result, simulations should be used whe-rever possible instead of time-consuming prototype tests. In order to achieve high-quality simulation, the properties of the material must be described as precisely as possible. EMS-GRIVORY provides customers with plenty of material data,

as well as support in selecting material models. If it is not metrologically possib-le to record the material data required, material simulations can be used to as-sess material-specifi c behaviour and to supplement the measurement values. Test pieces which have been developed in-house are available for validating ma-terial models. These make it possible

to measure the behaviour of the plastic under a wide range of loads and then compare it with the simulation.

EMS-GRIVORY has already made a great deal of progress in this fi eld and this is spurring us on to invest further in material simulation. Our aim is make constant improvements to the virtual re-

presentation of reality, thereby reducing costly component testing to a minimum.

Ralf BeckComputer Assisted Technical Service

EMS-GRIVORY is forging ahead with material simulation

Test pieces: two real ones… …and one virtual one.

achieved. This does not mean that we no longer have to talk about weld lines at EMS-GRIVORY – nothing could be further from the truth! In fact, secure in the knowledge that we can offer a good solution to a serious problem, we would go so far as to say that we actively en-joy discussing this issue with you.

Thomas JeltschHead of Computer Assisted

Technical Service

Fibre orientation parallel to the weld line

Mechanical indenta-tions on the surfaces

13K-DEPESCHE 2013Optimisation / Simulation

Optimising components through virtual prototyping

Connectors for transmission oil coo-ling lines are exposed to particularly

high continuous temperature and internal threshold pressures. Friction welding is used to connect two fl uid lines to the con-nector for the forward and return fl ow. As well as the demands of withstanding high levels of stress, the connectors must be designed in such a way that they are safe and easy to install. It must be pos-sible to attach them with just one sing-le screw and they also need to offer a

Cost-effective, adaptable and optimised for the installation space

A shining example of integrative simulationAnybody who is involved in the de-

sign of plastic components, studies the relevant literature and attends specia-list conferences will encounter the catch-phrase “integrative simulation” more and more frequently. What lies behind it? And what benefi ts does it offer for the user?

Modern-day design takes place in a virtual world. The life of a new compo-nent starts with “digital ovulation”. Even before the “birth” of the component – i.e. the materialisation of our ideas – the con-struction of injection moulding tools and the production of prototypes, numerous simulations are performed in order to test the component’s suitability and optimise it. The meaning of “simulation” is there-fore quite clear, but the meaning of the adjective “integrative” in this context is perhaps less so.

There can be no doubt that it “up-grades” the simulation: the connotations of the word “integrative” are overwhel-mingly positive. It conveys the notion that what we are talking about is the high-end version of simulation – the XXL label, so to speak. With integrative simulation, the results from the injection moulding simu-lation are used in practice as input valu-es to simulate component behaviour. In some cases, a more complex integrative analysis leads to more accurate asser-tions. On the other hand, however, stress and strain analysis is made much more diffi cult. The direct relationship between geometry and fl ux is lost due to anisotro-pic, locally heterogenic component stiff-ness levels. It is more diffi cult to optimise the geometry. In any event, the work in-volved in a single integrative calculation loop is much greater than in the case of a non-integrative procedure.

The choice of simulation strate-gy is an optimisation problemAs you will no doubt have noticed, the computation engineers have created their own optimisation problem. In addition to component optimisa-tion – which is, of course, what it’s all about – there is the issue of how complex a simulation needs to be in order to achieve maximum optimisation potential with minimum effort and outlay.

When providing Waldmann with component development support, the sta-tic long-term behaviour was optimised for an LED magnifying lamp by performing a multitude of relatively simple linear-elastic load simulations. The fi lling and warpage behaviour was then optimised using Moldfl ow simulations. In these si-mulations, the stress results of the load simulations are used to analyse various fi lling variants.

The expertise and commitment of our staff can certainly be described as integrative. This applies to all aspects

Waldmann magnifying lamp

The Waldmann „TEVISIO“ LED magnifying lamp.

The connector system developed by EMS-GRIVORY and ContiTech, optimised using virtual prototyping (front right) compared to the old component (rear left).

wide angle of rotation so that the feed lines can be connected in various arran-gements.

Through use of virtual prototyping, EMS-GRIVORY and ContiTech have de-veloped a connector system which is op-timised for the installation space. Finite element methods and Moldfl ow analy-ses were also used in the development process. The system stands out not only thanks to its modular design, but also due to its cost-effectiveness and adapta-bility. The optimised connectors passed the stringent component tests with fl ying colours and the wide 120 degree angle of rotation has also proved particularly benefi cial for installation purposes.

Ming Jiann CheungComputer Assisted Technical Service

An award-winning design made possible by Grivory GVX

The high-tech GANYMED walking aid combines elegant and graceful design

with high dynamic and static strength.

Knowledge of bionics was incorporated into the design process for the walking aid, i.e. the bionic construction was based on the examples found in nature. Specifi c structures and reinforcement elements (ribs) were placed in the exact spots where stress peaks occur. EMS-GRIVORY used a simulation process to calculate the stress profi le in advance.

A super lightweight aid that can support a heavyweight.

In focus

The design and construction of this ext-remely lightweight and yet highly robust component were only feasible thanks to the use of Grivory GVX-65 H. This excep-tional material combines a whole range of properties: excellent stiffness and trans-verse strength, isotropic behaviour (very low levels of warping) and excellent fl ow properties. It is this special combination that made it possible to create the deli-cate yet strong GANYMED walking aid.

The success of this symbiotic interaction between design and material is also de-monstrated by the various prizes awar-ded to GANYMED: iF Design Award (Gold), German Design Award (Gold), Red Dot Design Award Winner 2013.

Helmut F. CaskaKey Account Manager Industry & Electro

and areas, from our dealers and expert customer care in sales to our selection of materials, communication of innova-tive ideas, application technology with component and injection moulding simu-lation, response to application-specifi c questions and, last but not least, our technical customer service department, which looks after sampling and answers all your questions, whether big or small. Our goal is always the same: to be the-re for you as an “integrative” and expert development partner, regardless of how complex your problem might be.

Thomas JeltschHead of Computer Assisted Technical

Service

14 www.emsgrivory.com

Grivory HT3 in railway applications

Excellent flame protection thanks to Grilon TS

Grivory HT3-V0 is excellently sui-ted for rail transport applications.

Grivory HT3 belongs to the GreenLine product assortment of EMS-GRIVORY and is made to a great extent of rene-wable raw materials. This PPA (PA10T/X) which is simple to process, has low mois-ture absorption and excellent solderabi-lity using Reflow processes. In addition it has very good electrical properties, contains no halogen or red phosphorous and exhibits low toxicity from smoke or gas products when burnt, which is very important in the rail transport sector. For this reason, Grivory HT3-V0 is used by the German company Infineon for the

Within the Grilon TS family, EMS-GRIVORY offers a series of flame-

protected polyamides which are free of halogen and red phosphorous. All these materials satisfy the currently valid guide-lines governing electrical and electronic appliances (WEEE and RoHS standards). Thanks to their excellent mechanical pro-perties, these materials are predestined for applications in the electrical and elec-tronic industry.

As the flame protection of Grilon TS contains neither halogen nor red phos-phorous, the material can be coloured as required and is also available in light co-lours. Laser printability, of increasing im-portance in the electrical industry, is also ensured. A good contrast can already be achieved with the basic colour (black). In addition, the material has an UL f1 listing

On track to success!

Predestined for use in the electrical industry

IGBT module made by Infineon.

Flame retardant polyamides of the Grilon TS family provide flame protection conforming to WEEE and RoHS standards without halogens or red phosphorus.

All for the benefit of cows’ welfare

Robust, multifunctional measuring de-vices attached to cows’ collars are

a good way of monitoring their health and breeding. The devices are equipped with movement and rumination sensors, and they measure temperature as well as the duration and rhythm of rumination. The stored data can be used to monitor the animal’s health, feeding and welfare. The housing for the device must be able to withstand all kinds of weather without becoming brittle and functional reliability must be guaranteed at all times. Grilamid TR 90 UV not only satisfies these condi-tions, but also meets all other customer requirements.

Beat SigristDistribution Manager

How’s Daisy today?

In fo

cusElectro / Electronics

housing of a component called an insu-lated-gate bipolar transistor or IGBT - a modern power semiconductor, especially quick and highly efficient, used in elec-tric cars or railway locomotives. Grivo-ry HT3-V0 provides the required creep tracking index (CTI) of 600 Volt and sa-tisfies the French rail transport standard NF-F 16-101 as well as the harmonised European rail transport standard CEN TS 45545-2.

Klaus-Jürgen SteffnerApplication Development Electro &

Electronics

for use in exterior applications under si-multaneous influence of UV and water as well as UL 94 5VA listing from 0.8 mm.

Together with the Grilon grade TSG-30/4 V0, EMS-GRIVORY also of-fers an easily flowing grade for compo-nents with thin wall strengths or complex designs. This product is characterised by first-class electrical properties (e.g. CTI: 600 V) and high flame resistance (flam-mability class UL 94 V-0 at 0.35 mm for all colours) as well as a glowing wire (GWIT) value of 775°C. In this way, the material satisfies the house-hold and simi-lar electrical appliances safety standard (IEC 60335) for unattended use.

Torsten MehlerProduct Manager Grilon

<- 360° view

15K-DEPESCHE 2013

EMS-GRIVORY combines function & design

Portable electronic devices are conti-nuously becoming larger and thinner.

At the same time, individual components need to fulfi l an increasing number of tasks. This means that higher demands are made not only on the mechanical properties of these increasingly delicate components.

In the past, there was generally a strict division between structural com-ponents with glass fi bres fi llers and the unreinforced design components; the sole function of the structural components being to make the product more robust.

NCVM coating for top-quality surfaces

NCVM coating on Grilamid TRV.

Antenna structure using the LDS process

Good reception thanks to Grilamid 1SBVX LDS

Grilamid 1SBVX LDS – a smart polyamide for smartphone antennae

A smartphone contains many integral functions, such as Internet, Bluetooth

and GPS – all packed into a very confi -ned space. This lack of space poses a problem for designers, even just in terms of the high number of antennae which need to be installed. Both the technolo-gies and the materials used need to be smarter and offer a higher level of per-formance compared to earlier mobile phones.

EMS-GRIVORY has come up with a solution in the form of its glass fi bre re-inforced Grilamid 1SBVX LDS antenna materials, which are already in series production. Using the LDS (Laser Direct Structuring) process patented by LPKF Laser & Electronics GmbH, the antenna structure is lasered directly onto a struc-tural or housing component made of Grilamid 1SBVX and is then metallised. Previous LDS compatible materials were either too brittle or too fl exible. Conse-quently, without the addition of other structural components, they were unable to provide suffi cient protection in daily use for sensitive electronic elements or glass displays.

The torsion and impact-resistant Grilamid 1SBVX LDS is stable and, as a decorative housing or frame component, can support several antennae at once. The lower number of parts also reduces space and costs. Despite the 30 or 50 per cent glass fi bre content, the material fl ows well, shows low distortion values, low moisture absorption and good anten-na properties, and it is also bio-based. It is currently available in black with colou-red versions being tested.

Sabine BertramKey Account Manager Telecom

Communication / Mobile

Nowadays, however, these components not only have structural properties, but they also provide highest surface quality. Special materials from the Grivory GV & Grilamid TRV product ranges offer a smooth, even surface that is free from sink marks and has extremely low distortion values, even in the case of the strongest grades. As a result, a high gloss coa-ting or surface metallisation by means of NCVM coating (Non Conductive Va-pour Metallisation) is possible.

Daniel HamburgerApplication Development Telecom

Enhanced safety thanks to Grilamid

Traffi c lane marking devices make the road layout clearer for drivers and

help to improve safety. The light source (LED) and electronics of the lane marking devices are protected by a cover which is made of Grilamid L and Grilamid TR. Thanks to the compatibility of these two Grilamid products, they can be com-bined to form an excellent bond and protect the electronics from moisture. The constant impact of sunlight, rain, snow and the associated temperature fl uctua-tions make enormous demands on the materials. The cover also needs to provi-de good resistance to chemicals, such as salt water. Our polyamides satisfy all the-se requirements, thus enabling LED lights to be used in this wide application fi eld.

Tobias ZündArea Sales Manager, Switzerland

Grilamid in traffic

In focus

welcome

From the idea to serial productionbienvenidos

bienvenue

Metal replacement

willkommen

High Heat Polyamides

Grilamid L, D & S

GreenLine

Grivory HT

Long fibre reinforced polyamides

Grilon TSG

Grivory GV benvenuto

Grilamid TR

EMS stand partyHall 6 / E61

Thursday, October 17, 2013, 18 – 21 hrs

with Joe Whitney‘s cult band and

the Cocktail Divas

16 www.emsgrivory.com

10.2

013

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00 E

MS-

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VORY

EMS-GRIVORY worldwidewww.emsgrivory.com

EMS-GRIVORY - The leading manufacturer of high-performance polyamidesEMS-GRIVORY is the leading manufacturer of high-performance polyamides and the supplier with the widest range of polyamide materials. Our products are well-known throughout the world under the trademarks Grilamid, Grivory and Grilon.

We offer our customers a comprehensive package of high-capacity and high-quality products along with segment-specifi c advisory competence in distribution and application deve-lopment. We maintain our market leadership through continual product and application development in all segments.

EMS-GRIVORY EuropeSwitzerlandEMS-CHEMIE AGBusiness Unit EMS-GRIVORY EuropeVia Innovativa 17013 Domat/EmsSwitzerlandPhone +41 81 632 78 88Fax +41 81 632 76 65welcome@emsgrivory.com

GermanyEMS-CHEMIE (Deutschland) GmbHWarthweg 1464823 Gross-UmstadtDeutschlandPhone +49 6078 783 0Fax +49 6078 783 416welcome@de.emsgrivory.com

FranceEMS-CHEMIE (France) S.A.73-77, Rue de SèvresBoîte postale 5292105 Boulogne-Billancourt CedexFrancePhone +33 1 41 10 06 10Fax +33 1 48 25 56 07welcome@fr.emsgrivory.com

Great BritainEMS-CHEMIE (UK) Ltd.Darfi n House, Priestly CourtStaffordshire Technology ParkStafford ST18 0ARGreat BritainPhone +44 1785 283 739Fax +44 1785 283 722welcome@uk.emsgrivory.com

ItalyEMS-CHEMIE (Italia) S.r.l.Viale Innocenzo XI n. 7722100 Como (CO)ItaliaPhone +41 81 632 75 25Fax +41 81 632 74 54welcome@it.emsgrivory.com

EMS-GRIVORY AsiaChinaEMS-CHEMIE (China) Ltd.227 Songbei RoadSuzhou Industrial ParkSuzhou City 215126Jiangsu ProvinceP.R. ChinaPhone +86 512 8666 8180Fax +86 512 8666 8210welcome@cn.emsgrivory.com

EMS-CHEMIE (Suzhou) Ltd.227 Songbei RoadSuzhou Industrial ParkSuzhou City 215126Jiangsu ProvinceP.R. ChinaPhone +86 512 8666 8181Fax +86 512 8666 8183welcome@cn.emsgrivory.com

TaiwanEMS-CHEMIE (Taiwan) Ltd.36, Kwang Fu South RoadHsin Chu Industrial ParkFu Kou HsiangHsin Chu Hsien 30351Taiwan, R.O.C.Phone +886 3 598 5335Fax +886 3 598 5345welcome@tw.emsgrivory.com

KoreaEMS-CHEMIE (Korea) Ltd.#817, Seo-Gwan,Doosan Venturedigm,126-1, Pyeongchon-dong,Dongan-gu, Anyang-si,Gyeonggi-do, 431-070Republic of KoreaPhone +82 31 478 3159Fax +82 31 478 3157welcome@kr.emsgrivory.com

JapanEMS-CHEMIE (Japan) Ltd.EMS Building2-11-20 Higashi-koujiyaOta-ku, Tokyo 144-0033JapanPhone +81 3 5735 0611Fax +81 3 5735 0614welcome@jp.emsgrivory.com

EMS-GRIVORY AmericaUnited States of AmericaEMS-CHEMIE (North America) Inc.2060 Corporate WayP.O. Box 1717Sumter, SC 29151USAPhone +1 803 481 61 71Fax +1 803 481 61 21welcome@us.emsgrivory.com

Fill out the coupon or attach a business card and drop it into the collection box at the EMS-GRIVORY stand (hall 6 / E61).

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Competition Talon

Keep the EMSpresso Feeling until the K 2016!

Win a stylish Fontana coffee machine from Nescafé Dolce Gusto and keep the EMSpresso feeling until the next K 2016. Until then we offer you a fi ne Dolce Gusto coffee of your choice.

Fill out the coupon or attach a business card and drop it into the collection box at the EMS-GRIVORY

Competition from Nescafé Dolce

until the next K 2016. Until then we offer you a fi ne Dolce Gusto coffee of

Fill out the coupon or attach a business card and drop it into the collection box at the EMS-GRIVORY stand (hall 6 / E61).

Win a stylish Gusto and keep the 2016. Until then we offer you a fi ne Dolce Gusto coffee of your choice.