Juvenile growth open-pollinated larch families in Polish – France experiments on trials in Poland

Jan KowalczykIBL, P19seminar

„GENETIC VARIABILITY AND ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL OF TEMPERATE AND BOREAL FOREST TREE SPECIES”

23-25 FEBRUARY 2010, BUCHAREST (ROMANIA)

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Contents:• Polish larch experiment 1987 (project background)

• Methods– Trials description, mother trees distribition– Statistical methods

• Results• Conclusion• Final remarks and discussion

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Background• Collaboration with INRA in Orleans• French interest of Polish larch• Common research planning• Exchange genetic material and common

breeding idea • Difficulties:

– Different forestry priorities– Different silvicultural approach

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What is Polish larch?

• Morphological features – Cones– Tree form

• Distribution• Growth character

Polish

European

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Larch natural distribution

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Methods• Common collection in 1987 in Blizyn region• Cons were collected from 157 trees in 4 stands • Collected materials were divided between IBL and INRA• First part of the stored seed were sown in Sękocin in year

1996. • Experimental trails were established in spring 1998, in Central

Poland Forest District Kutno. Two years bare root seedling were planted in spacing 2 by 2 meters.

• Second part of the seed were sown in the same nursery in Sękocin in 1998 y.

• In spring 2000 y. the second trial was established in forest district Zwierzyniec (Sought-east part of Poland)

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31

122

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Mother trees description

IBL code Com. HCrown length. DBH

Basal sweep

Branch prun.

Stem quality.

Stem straightn

esBranch

diameterBranch angle.

Cons weight

1 94h 28,5 10,0 53,3 N 0,5 W 4 1 3 5,5

2 94h 29,5 13,0 50,7 N 0,5 W 5 2 3 1,2

3 94h 31,0 14,0 52,0 N 0,5 S 5 2 3 4,0

4 94h 29,0 15,5 52,5 N 0,5 W 5 2 3 1,1

5 94h 32,0 16,0 53,3 T 0,5 W 5 2,5 3 3,0

6 94h 33,0 18,0 57,5 N 0 W 4 2 3 3,5

7 95o 29,0 16,0 44,5 N 0,5 S 3 1 3 1,5

8 95o 33,0 18,0 57,0 N 0,5 s 4 1 3 3,0

9 94h 32,0 15,0 56,3 N 0,5 S 5 1 3 3,5

10 94h 31,5 17,5 53,0 N 0,5 bs 4 2 3 2,0

11 94h 33,0 17,0 56,5 N 0,5 bw 4 2 3 4,5

12 94h 29,5 17,0 57,5 N 0,5 S 5 1 3 5,5

13 94h 30,0 15,0 50,5 N 0,5 bw 5 2 3 2,8

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Trial in Kutno

1 3 5

2 4 6 7

24k x 28rz 24k x 28rz 24k x 28rz

24k x 28rz 24k x 28rz 24k x 28rz 24k x 28rz

Year of planting 1998RDLP - ŁódźArea 1,9 haForest Dist. KutnoNo. Fam. 157No. trees 4704Forestry ChrosnoSpacing 2 x 2 mExp. Design single tree plots STP

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Trial in Zwierzyniec

Year of planting 2000RDLP LublinArea 2,22 haForest Dist. ZwierzyniecSeedlings 4372Families 85Forestry NowinySpacing 2 x 2 mExp. design STP

Kwatera 1 Kwatera 2 Kwatera 3 Kwatera 4 Kwatera 5 Kwatera 6

do leśniczówki

hydrant

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Measurement and observationsTrait Year after planting Kutno 1998 Zwierzyniec 2000

Height 1 X X

Height 2 X X

Height 3 X X

Height 3 X X

Height 4 X X

Stem and branching – scoring 4 X X

DBH 4 X

DBH 5 X

DBH 6 X

Height 7 X

DBH 7 X

DBH 9 X

DBH and scoring S + B 10 X

DBH and scoring S + B 12 X X

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Scoring scale

1 2 3 4 5

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Problems in young age

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Statistical methods Trait value= + Bk +Rm + En

- meanBk - Block kRm - Family mEn - tree n in familly m (error)

)/( 22

22R

ERR n

h 222

22

)(

)(

RE

RR

n

VarSEh

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kFkRkFRr EdhEdhW 211

21 ... genotypic family index value

h – heritabilityE – economic trait valued - selection differentials

1.5 - DBH 1.5 - DBH increment 1.0 - Stem straightness1.0 - Branch diameter

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Kutno

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DBH.2006 DBH.2009

05

01

00

15

02

00

stem.str09 branch.ang09

12

34

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Kutno - DBH

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2 6 11 16 21 26 32 37 44 49 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 106 112 118 125 131 138 146 152

50

10

01

50

20

0

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Heritability - Kutno

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Zwierzyniec

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W01 H02 H03 Wys.06

02

00

40

06

00

80

01

00

01

20

0

H2 H3 H4 H7DBH.03 DBH04 DBH.06 DBH.2009

05

01

00

15

02

00

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Zwierzyniec - DBH

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8 15 20 24 29 39 51 60 63 68 72 76 82 86 90 93 96 100 106 110 116 124 134 140 150 154

50

10

01

50

20

0

22

Heritability - Zwierzyniec

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Kutno - Zwierzyniec

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Index value

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Conclusions• The more reliable evaluation will be possible

after 15 and 20 years.• Common for all plots evaluation is needed. • The best families are: 115 and 26. • The worst families on the trails in Kutno and

Zwierzyniec are 69 and 66. • Exist big genotype environment interaction in

this experiment .

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Final remarks and discussion

• The selected genotypes (families, clones) can be used in plantation forestry in Poland

• Natural crosses between Japanese, hybrids and Polish larch (also in seed orchard)

• How to protect valuable „natural” populations?

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