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8/6/2019 June2011 Nadi Conf Hl PPT 97-2003 Compat
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SPC-EU Deep Sea Minerals (DSM) ProjectInaugural Regional Workshop
Hannah Lily
Legal Advisor DSM Project
6 June 2011, Nadi
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Contexty Pacific region leading the way in DSM exploration
y Potential for increased investment and income
y Threat to ecological equilibriumy Obligation to preserve natural heritage for the benefit
of present and future generations
y International law obligations require adoption of
appropriate administrative measures
y National DSM law and policy lacking
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Why a regional approach to law
and policy?y Ocean: interconnected, interdependent, transboundary
y States share characteristics and interests
y 2009 SOPAC Governing Council Members Decisiony Co-ordinated comprehensive approach
y Resources, facilities and knowhow can be shared
y DSM Projects may be cross-border multi-jurisdictional
y Stable, clear and consistent regional framework willencourage development and investment
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UNCLOSy UN Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982
y Established Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
y States given sovereign right to exploit, develop, andmanage natural resources within its own EEZ
y Obligation to safeguard marine environment undertheir jurisdiction from damage or pollution
y Protection of scientific research
y States liable for damage caused by UNCLOS violation
y National rules must be adopted
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Other legal instruments (1)y Regional Conventions / Agreements:
y Noumea Convention
y Regional and collaborative approachy EIA and public consultation
y Madang Guidelines
y Sovereignty and self-determination.
y
Pacific Islands Regional Policy (PIROP)y Proactivity
y Integrated approach.
y Engagement of local communities.
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Other legal instruments (2)yOther international law / agreements:
y
London and MARPOL Conventionsy 1992 Rio Declaration (precautionary
approach)
yConvention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
yManado Declaration
yClimate Change Convention (UNFCCC)
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Other legal instruments (3)yNational law:
y Economic
y
Environmentaly Marine
y Mineral
y Other regulation
y
Informationy Law enforcement
y Health and safety
y Labour laws
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Other useful sourcesy International Seabed Authority
y Regulations and Model Contracts
y International Tribunal for the Law of the Seay Obligations of due diligence and best environmental
practice
y Precautionary approach
y Standards same for developing and developed statesy Industry
y Other States
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DSM Project: RLRF processy Individual States constitution and legislative processes
y Stakeholder interest
y Process Overview:y Identify existing legislation policy and gaps
y Terms of Reference to guide development of RLRF
y Development of RLRF
y Dissemination of RLRF with implementation guidelines
y Tailored support to individual countries
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DSM Project:
RFRLdevelopment methody Expert steering group
y Establishment of sub-group(s) where necessary
y Regional and sub-regional workshopsy Country visits
y Regular Project updates and ongoing consultation
y National stakeholder workshops, and committees
y Draft national legislation / polices, and consult
y Enact, implement, monitor, review
y Feedback mechanisms (all stakeholders)
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Aspectsofthe RFRLy Incorporate international standards
y Pre-empt harm due diligence registration / licensing
y Recognise different stages of DSM
y Responsible bodies and lines of authority
y Fiscal regime
y Environmental management
y Monitoring and enforcement
y Public accountability and information-sharing
y Practical considerations
y Methods of challenge, dispute resolution
y Model documents / templates?
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Thinking pointsyRegulation how to balance:
y enablement and enforcement; and
y incentivising third party investment whileprotecting State interests
yHow to legislate to set a fiscal regime, orpre-empt negative environmental impact,
when so much is unknown?