June 3, 2008

Lee Keck, Environmental ManagerTennessee Division of Water Supply

Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation

Division of Water Supply / Environmental Manager Lee Keck

Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation

Managing Water Supplies During a Drought

June 3, 2008

Or “What can go wrong for a water system?”

CWSs must have an approved EOP (Emergency Operation Plan). They must address drought .

It is a System Deficiency – Revised Sanitary Survey will deduct points for failing to adhere to a plan

Minimize the adverse effects Make the best use of available water Allow for predictability and equitability Provide a basis for management

decisions (why and when things are done)

Domestic (single-family, apartment houses) Institutions (hospitals, nursing homes, schools) Recreation (swimming pools, golf courses, etc.) Commercial (car washes, retail, bottlers) Industry Agriculture (dairy, livestock, truck farms, etc.) Environmental (aquatic habitat, etc.)

Base Demands Domestic Residential, Nursing Homes Hospitals Commercial Industrial

Seasonal Demands Lawn Watering Golf Course Irrigation Swimming Pool Agriculture (Truck crops, Livestock, Dairy –

due to normal sources drying up)

Algal blooms – Resulting in Taste and Odor

problems and additional treatment

Temperature – Resulting in Chlorine Dissipation

Waste Assimilation - Inability of sources to

assimilate making treatment more difficult

Source Capacity Diversity of Sources (Surface, Spring,

Well, Connections to other PWSs) Hydraulic capacity (treatment capacity,

pumping and transmission capacity, storage capacity)

Deferrable Uses Vulnerability to other risks (spills, etc.) Emergency Management Provisions In-

Place

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Public Participation

Identify Potential Problems Clarify Public Welfare Issues Educate the Public

Source capacity(declining)

System Capacity

Water demand (increasing)

Wet Normal Dry Very Dry

Exceptionally Dry

Conditions

Source capacity (declining)

System Capacity 1

2

Water demand (increasing) 3

Wet Normal Dry Very Dry Exceptionally Dry

Conditions

90-Day Supply or less, a system might impose a 7 percent reduction in use (voluntary)

60-Day Supply or less, a 17 percent reduction (mandatory restrictions)

7-Day Supply or less, 30 percent reduction (emergency restrictions and/or rationing)

3-Day Supply or less, and actions necessary to provide drinking water to those individuals without water

Golf Course Irrigation Withdrawals Athletic fields Nurseries Pasture and Crop Irrigation Withdrawals Livestock Water Withdrawals Industrial Discharges – Waste Assimilation Industrial Withdrawals Naturally Occurring Water Quality Issues –

Temperature, Taste and Odor

Consider water in storage Inadequate water pressure Level of Demand, especially peak

demand Declining Source Capacity

Balance of Water Supply to Demand Available Staff and Equipment (to monitor

restrictions, read meters, etc.) Standby or Alternative Rate Structures

and/or Rationing Schemes have been established

Ordinances and By-laws (are in place) Plan is socially acceptable (Non-Essential

Uses are not classified as Essential uses) Announcement system in place (notification)

Normal and Alert

Voluntary Reductions

Mandatory Restrictions

Emergency

Essential 1st ClassEssential 2nd Class

Non-Essential

Lawn watering Car Washing (Non-Commercial) Vehicle Washing Facilities (Non-

Recycling) Driveway, Sidewalk and Patio Washing Fountains Golf Courses (Fairways)

Domestic Drinking Water Hospital and other health care facilities Nursing Homes Sanitation Fire Fighting Pet Drinking Water

Laundromats (in excess of 50% of previous year’s use)

Vehicle Washing Facilities (including recycling)

Golf Courses (any portion, including greens)

Garden Watering Watering of athletic fields, trees and shrubs

except to sustain plant material Water used for dust control Filling or refilling of swimming pools

Golf Courses (allow watering of greens between 8 pm and 6 am)

Garden Watering (allow between 8 pm and 6 am)

Watering of athletic fields, trees and shrubs except to sustain plant material (allow between 8 pm and 6 am)

Filling or refilling of swimming pools (allow between 8 pm and 6 am)

Commercial vehicle washing facilities (allow between 8 pm and 6 am)

Based on a per capita amount (registration)

A percent of the previous year’s usage (can be a software issue)

Alternative rate structures (can be a software issue)

Based on a percent of a previous average month’s use

Media – Respond to information requests, disseminate information

Letters, Leaflets, Door Hangers Warnings and Citations Complaint Responses

Local Drought Management Guide For Public Water Systems

http://state.tn.us/environment/dws/DWprogram.shtml

This manual is a water conservation planning guide for all city water utilities. It provides worksheets, steps, goals, and program participant responsibilities and roles. Water conservation rates, involvement of various outside groups, obstacles to overcome, and success measurement techniques are also provided.

Tips Home ConsumersBusinessesUtilitiesCommunities

The Water Conservation Plan Guidelines may be viewed and/or downloaded:

http://www.epa.gov/OW-OWM.html/water-efficiency/pubs/guide.htm

Plumbing Codes (fixture replacement program)

Water Conservation materials / education Ordinances / By-laws adopted Facility Development Meter replacement Pricing Schemes Leak detection program Temporary Sources and Interconnections

I understand that all service is subject to the rules and regulations of the City of Franklin, which may be amended from time to time and that these rules and regulations are part of this agreement.

18-127. Restricted use of water. In times of emergencies or in times of water shortage, the city reserves the right to restrict the purposes for which water may be used by a customer and the amount of water which a customer may use. (Adopted 1976)

18-130. Water shortage policy. (1) No water furnished by the city shall be wasted. Waste of water includes, but is not necessarily limited to the following:

(b) Failure to repair a controllable leak of water; and

(c) Failure to put to reasonable beneficial uses any water withdrawn from the city's system.

(d) The mayor is hereby authorized to declare a water shortage emergency to exist, and the mayor may declare an end to a water shortage emergency. In declaring a water shortage emergency, such emergency shall be designated Status 1 or Status 2 in accordance with conditions as determined by the Director of the Water and Wastewater System of the City of Little Water.

1200-5-1-.18(2) requires systems to report the failure to comply, failure of equipment, loss of service or any other situation which presents an endangerment

The DWS will work with systems

Summary of Planning Steps• Pre-planning – Authority to plan

• Task Force or Group – Establish Process , Goals and Public Involvement

• Recognize Existing Plans, Partnerships, Agreements• Coordinate with and Notify State and Regional Agencies• Identify Source Risks, Water Demand, Trigger-points and

Plan Phased Responses • Plan for Implementation – Monitoring, Activation of Phases, Staff and Resources Needed, Public Notification and Enforcement• Management Team (Responsibilities) • Review, Evaluate and Up-date Plan

QUESTIONS?& Comments